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Marginaliztion and Tribes-1

Marginalization refers to the exclusion of people perceived as undesirable or without function from the privilege and power of society. Tribes are social divisions consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties with a common culture and dialect. Scheduled Tribes in India face structural discrimination and marginalization based on ethnicity, constituting a large proportion of poor, agricultural laborers with low education and health levels.

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Ashwini Vijayakumar
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183 views9 pages

Marginaliztion and Tribes-1

Marginalization refers to the exclusion of people perceived as undesirable or without function from the privilege and power of society. Tribes are social divisions consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties with a common culture and dialect. Scheduled Tribes in India face structural discrimination and marginalization based on ethnicity, constituting a large proportion of poor, agricultural laborers with low education and health levels.

Uploaded by

Ashwini Vijayakumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Marginalization and

Tribes
What is marginalization?
• The term ‘marginalization’ describes the overt actions or tendencies
of human societies, where people who they perceive to undesirable or
without useful function, are excluded, i.e., marginalized.

• The Encyclopedia of Public Health defines marginalized groups as,


‘To be marginalized is to be placed in the margins, and thus excluded
from the privilege and power found at the center”.
Who are tribes?
• Tribe is a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or
communities linked by social, economic, religious or blood ties with a
common culture and dialect typically having a recognized leader.

• In medival English, the word tribe conveyed a neutral sense- “


a primary aggregate of people claiming descent from a common
ancestor.”
Defining a tribe
• The Imperial Gazetter of India 1311, defines a tribe as a :
“collection of families bearing a common name, speaking a common
dialect, occupying or professing to occupy a common territory and is
not usually endogamous though originally it might have been so”.

• Dr. W.H.R. Rivers says : Tribe is a simple type of social group whose
members speak a common dialect and work together at the time of
war.
Causes of Marginalization
• Poverty
• Literacy and Education
• Discrimination
• Money lending by mortgage of land
• Displacement
Scheduled Tribes
• The Scheduled Tribes like the Scheduled Castes face structural
discrimination within Indian society.

• Unlike the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes are a product of


marginalization based on ethnicity.

• In India, the Scheduled Tribes population is around 84.3 million and is


considered to be socially and economically disadvantaged. Their
percentages in the population and numbers, however, vary from State
to State. They are mainly landless with little control over resources
such as land, forest, and water.
• They constitute a large proportion of agricultural laborers, casual
laborers, plantation laborers, industrial laborers etc.

• This has resulted in poverty among them, low levels of education,


poor health and reduced access to healthcare services. They belong to
the poorest strata of the society and have severe health problems.

• They are less likely to afford and get access to healthcare services when
required. They are practically deprived of many civic facilities and
isolated from the modern civilized way of living since so many
centuries.
• Among them most vulnerable are women, children, aged, those living with
HIV/AIDS, mental illness and disability.

• These groups face severe forms of discrimination that denies them access to
treatment and prevents them from achieving a better health status.

• Gender-based violence and domestic violence is high among women in


general in India. Girl child and women from the marginalized groups are
more vulnerable to violence. The dropout and illiteracy rates among them
are high.

• Early marriage, trafficking, forced prostitution and other forms of


exploitation are also reportedly high among them. In situations of caste
conflict, women from marginalized groups face sexual violence from men of
upper caste i.e., rape and other forms of mental torture and humiliation.
THANKYOU

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