Submitted to:

Prof. Agnes Montalbo

Rizal Technological
University

Submitted by:
Francis Ric Angelo D.
Lopez
- Maria Yvonne E Reynoso
- Sheinna Charis S. Oppus
- Leo Lebardo
Chapter 2
The Counselor: Person and Professional
Group 1
Members and assigned Topic to be reported.
- Mr. Francis Ric Angelo D. Lopez

The counselor as a therapeutic person

- Ms. Maria Yvonne E. Reynoso

Personal counseling for the counselor

- Ms. Sheina Charis S. Oppus

Becoming an effective multi cultural

counselor
- Mr. Leo Libardo
Issues faced by beginning therapists
- Mr. Jobert E. San Juan
continuation of issues faced by beginning
therapist
Chapter
2’
The Counselor:
Person and
 In this chapter, we can
examine the assumptions that
one of the most important
instruments we have to work
with as a counselor is
ourselves as a person.
 Inpreparing for
counseling, we can
acquire knowledge of
theories and
personality and
psychotherapy,
also we can learn
diagnostic and
intervention
techniques, and learn
about the dynamics of
human behavior.
In every therapy
session we bring our
human qualities
and the experiences
that have
influenced us.
If we hope to
promote growth
and change in our
clients, we must be
willing to
promote growth
in our own lives.
Our most powerful source
of influencing clients in a
positive direction is our
living example of who we
are and how we
continually make decisions
about the kind of life we
want to live.
Prepared By: Francis Ric Angelo
D. Lopez
 Counseling is an intimate
form of learning, it demands
a practitioner who is willing
to shed stereotypes and be an
authentic person in the
therapeutic relationship.
Prepared By: Maria Yvonne
E. Reynoso
 Can be instrumental in healing the healer. If
student counselors are not actively involved
in the pursuit of healing their psychological
wounds, they will probably have
considerable difficulty entering the world of
a client.

 Self-exploration can help counselors

avoid the pitfalls of continually
giving to others yet finding little personal
satisfaction from their efforts.
 Three ways :

 As part of the therapist’s training, personal

therapy offers a model of therapeutic practice in
which the trainee experiences the work of a more
experienced therapist and learns experientially
what is helpful or not helpful.
 A beneficial experience in personal therapy can
further enhance a therapist’s interpersonal skills
that are essential to skillfully practicing
therapy.
 Successful personal therapy can contribute to a
therapist’s ability to deal with the on going
stresses associated with clinical work.
 Teaching and supervising students of
counseling shows me how crucial it
is that students be aware of their
interventions which clients. A key
focus for the process of self-
searching is examining how your
values are likely to affect your work
as a counselors.
 As counselors we are often taught not to let
our values show lest they bias the direction
clients are likely to take. Yet we are simply not
value- neutral, nor are we value-free; our
therapeutic interventions rest on core values.

 Counselors need to guard against the

tendency to assume either of two extreme
position.
 Value imposition refers to counselors directly
attempting to define a client’s values, attitudes,
beliefs, and behavior. It is possible for
counselors to impose their values either
actively or passively.
 Personal Values counselors are aware of their
own values, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors
and avoid imposing values that are inconsistent
with counseling goals and respect for the
diversity of client, trainees, and research
participants.
 Counselors have general goals, which are
reflected in their behavior during the
therapy session, in their observations of the
client’s behavior, and in the interventions
they make.
 It is critical that the general goals of
counselor be congruent with the personal
goals of the client.
 The initial interview can be used most
productively to focus on the client’s goals or
lack them.
In counseling, we must
consider the culture
of
others, on this next
slide, we will know
how to become an
effective multicultural
Prepared By: Sheinna Charis S. Oppus
 For counselors to develop sensitivity to cultural
differences if they hope to make interventions
that are consistent with the values of their
clients. The therapist’s role is to assist clients in
,making decisions that are congruent with the
clients’ worldview, not to live by the therapist’s
values
 Effective counseling must take into account the
impact of culture on the client’s functioning,
including the client’s degree of acculturation.
Culture is, quite simply, the values and
behaviors shared by a group of individuals.
 Effective counselors understand their
own cultural conditioning, the condition
of their
clients, and the socio-political system of
which they are a part.
 Diversity-competent counselor involves
challenging the idea that the values we hold
are automatically true for others. We also need
to understand how our values are likely to
influence our influence our practice with
diverse clients who embrace different values.
 Sue, Arredondo, and McDuvis (1992) and
Arrendondo and her colleagues (1996) have
developed conceptual framework for
competencies and standards in multicultural
counseling.
1. Beliefs and attitudes
2. Knowledge
3. skills
 First, effective counselors have moved from
being culturally unaware to ensuring that their
personal biases, values, or problems will not
interfere with their ability to work with clients
who are culturally different from them. They
believe cultural awareness and sensitivity to
ones own cultural heritage are essential for any
form of helping.
 Second culturally effective practitioners
possess certain knowledge. They know
speecifically about their own racial and cultural
heritage and how it affects them personally
and professionally. Because they understand
the dynamics of oppression, racism,
discrimination, and stereotyping, they are in
position to detect their own racist attitudes,
beliefs, and feelings.
 Third effective counselors have acquired
certain skill in working with cultural diverse
population. Counselors take responsibility for
educating their clients about the therapeutic
process, including matter such as setting goals,
appropriate expectations, legal rights and the
counselors orientation.
 Although increased attention is being given to
course work in multicultural issues, many
practitioners remain uncertain about how and
when to incorporate multicultural awareness
and skills in their clinical practice. One way to
actively incorporate a multicultural dimension
is to initiate open discussion with client
regarding issues of race and ethnicity.
Cardemill and battle contend that doing so
enhances the therapeutic alliance and promotes
better treatment outcomes
 To provoke thought and stimulate
conversation about race and ethnicity, they
suggest that therapist incorporate these
recommendations throughout the therapeutic
process.
 It is unrealistic to expect a counselor to
know everything about the cultural
background of a client, but some
understanding of the client cultural and ethnic
background is essential. There much to be said
letting clients teach counselors about relevant
aspects of their culture. It is good idea to
counselors to ask clients to provide them with
the information they will need to work
effectively
 Western society is becoming increasingly
diverse, yet our therapy are based primarily
on Eurocentric assumptions, which do not
always consider the influence and impact of
racial and cultural socialization (APA,2003).
To address the knowledge and skills
needed changing world, the American
Psychology Association (2003) provides
professionals with a framework for
delivering services to our divers
population. Although these guidelines have
been developed specifically to aid
psychologist, other practitioners also find
 “Psychologist are encouraged to recognize
that, as cultural beings, they may hold
attitudes and
beliefs that can detrimentally influence their
perceptions of and interactions with
individuals who are ethnically and racially
different from themselves”
 “Psychologist are encourage to
recognize the importance of
multicultural
sensitivity/responsiveness to. Knowledge of,
and understanding about ethnically and
racially different individuals”
 “Psychologist are encouraged to
apply culturally appropriate skills in
clinical
and other applied psychological
practices”
 “As educators, psychologist are encourage
to employ the constructs of multiculturalism
and
diversity in psychological education”
 After we learn some
techniques on how to
become an effective multi
cultural counsellor, we will
faced some issues
Here are some useful guidelines for your reflection on
dealing with the challenge of becoming an effective
therapists. I identify some of the major issues that most of
us typically face, particularly during the beginning stage
of learning how to be therapists.
Beginning counselor’s levelof anxiety
demonstrates awareness of
uncertainties of
future w/clients &of our abilities
to really be
there &stay w/them.
Willingness to recognize &
deal with these
anxieties (as opposed to
denying them) is
mark of courage
Openly discuss anxieties
w/supervisors &peers. Gain
support from fellow interns
with same concerns, fears, &
anxieties
Disclosing persistent feelings that
are related to the present can be
useful disclosure that is
unrehearsed is useful find a
middle ground.
If we are able to be ourselves in our therapeutic work
and appropriately disclose our experience in
counseling sessions, we increase the chances of being
authentic and present. In this level of genuineness or
being sincerely honest
therapist are able to connect with client they can
establish an effective therapeutic relationship
with them.
Everyone will make
mistakes from beginners
to expert therapist.
Although we may well known intellectually that
humans are not perfect, emotionally we often feel that
there is little room for error.
Being a therapist you are worrying about the
outcomes of yourgoal to your client and even
effective therapist are willing to admit there
mistake.
Delicate balance
between learning our
realistic limits and
what we think as being
"limits"
It takes honesty to admit that we cannot work
successfullywith every clients. It is important to
learn when and how to make a referral for clients
when our limitations prevent us from helping
them.
Know your boundaries of specializations you should
be able to give a perfect referral so that the client or
people on both side back to you expressing their
gratitude's for making a good referral
It can have a variety of
meanings from bored to
resistance
Silent moment during therapeutic session may
seems like silent hours to a beginning therapists ,
yet silence havemany meanings.
Silence within counseling has been defined as:
“the temporary absence of any overt verbal or
paraverbal communication between counselor
and client within sessions” (Feltham and
Dryden, 1993)
In person-centred counselling, where the counsellor
trusts that the client will work in a way and at a pace
that is suitable for him or her, the client has control
over the content, pace and objectives of a session –
including any silences.
It could be misconception
that because counseling is
about
‘taking’ then silence mean
that I am not helping the
clients.
Rogers (1942) says of silence:
“In an initial interview, long pauses or silences are
likely to be embarrassing rather than helpful. In
subsequent contacts, however, if fundamental rapport
is good, silence on the part of the counselor may be a
most useful device.”
Silence provides the client with space to
focus and time to reflect, but the most
important is the presence of the therapist
on how he influence the client without
even taking.
Make your
expectations clear
during initial
meeting
Amajor issue that puzzles many beginning therapists is
how to deal with demanding clients.
 Because some clients may expect therapist to
continually demonstrate how much you care or
demand that you tell them what to do and how to
solve a problem.
One way of heading off these demand
is to make your expectations and
boundaries clear during the initial
counseling sessions or in the
disclosure statement.
Because the true
measure of our success
comes from the quality
of help we provide,
rather than the
quantity.
Jobert E. San
Juan
CAS – 06
 Frequently, resistance is brought
about by a counselor who omits
preparation and who does not
address a client’s thoughts and
feelings about coming to counseling.
 It is good to practice to make clear
the limits of confidentiality as
well as any other factor that may
affect the course of therapy.
 Dealing with Demanding - Make
your expectations clear during initial
meeting
 Dealing with uncommitted clients -
be direct and caring when
confronting the clients
 Anxiety of not seeing fruits of their labor
 Therapist must acknowledge its client
that they couldn’t have good at the first
take of sessions of the therapy
 Clients may get worse before they
get better

 Therapist must recognize

consequences of the outcome of the
therapy where the client undergoes.
 Accepting Slow Results
 Avoiding Self-Deception

 Therapist must accept the slow

outcome of the sessions and avoid
any misconception of the results.
 Most therapeutic = to be as fully
present as we’re able (feeling w/ our
clients & experiencing their
struggles) but let them assume
responsibility of their living &
choosing outside of session
 Both client and therapist must share
its responsibilities for the good
result of the sessions of the therapy.
 Can be a welcome relief when we
admit that pain is not our exclusive
domain
 Laughter or humor d/n mean that
work is not being accomplished
 But, there are times when laughter is
used to cover up anxiety or to
escape from experience of facing
threatening material
 Mistake to accept full responsibility
 Mistake to refuse to take responsibility for
making accurate assessments & designing
appropriate treatment plans
 Eventually, if we are effective, we will be out of
business!
 Counseling can be confused w/ dispensing
advice (even when clients demand it)

 The task is to help clients make independent

choices and accept the consequences of their
choices.
 Dependent on factors such as client
populations, specific therapeutic
services you are providing,
particular stage of counseling,
setting in which you work
 Role not defined once & for all but
will redefine at various times

 Being a counselor, the therapist must

there are guiding or assisting it’s
client to its better way of living.
 Ideally, therapeutic techniques:
 Should evolve from therapeutic
relationship
 The therapist and the client must have a
harmonious relationship that could have
good effect on the sessions.
 Should enhance client’s awareness
or suggest possibilities for
experimenting with new behavior
 Inhibit your effectiveness if you
attempt to imitate or fit most of your
behavior into the Procrustean bed
of some expert’s theory
 Don’t blur your potential
uniqueness by trying to imitate them
 Its not bad to imitate different
counseling styles from the experts
and colleagues. The therapist must
try to mixed it up to create its
own counseling style.
 Procrustes, or "one who stretches,"
was robber in the myth of
Theseus
 He preyed on travelers along the
road to Athens
 He offered his victims hospitality on
a magical bed that would fit any
guest
 He then either stretched the guests
or cut off their limbs to make
them fit perfectly into the bed
 Theseus, traveling to Athens to
claim his inheritance, encountered
the thief
 The hero cut off the evil-doer's head
to make him fit into the bed in which
many "guests" had died
Causes of burnout
1. Same type of work
with little variation
2. Giving a great deal but
not getting much back
3. Lacking a sense of
accomplishment
and meaning in
work
4. Working with a difficult population
5. Under constant pressure to
produce, perform, and meet
deadlines
6. Facing unrealistic demands on
your time and energy
Remedies for burnout
1. Personal responsibility of what you
can do
 Preventing burnout
1.evaluate your goals, priorities, and
expectation
2.recognize that you can be an active
agent in your life
3.think of ways to bring variety into
work
4.find other interests besides work
5.learn to monitor impact of stress
on the job & at home
Preventing burnout
6. Learn to ask for what you want
7.find meaning through play,
travel, or new experiences
 8.rearrange your schedule to
reduce stress
9. make time for spiritual
growth
10.seek counseling as an avenue of
personal development