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ERD BE Lecture 9 2013 Lateral Load Resisting Systems

1) Rigid floor diaphragms transfer seismic forces horizontally through the structure and allow vertical elements to share seismic loads. 2) The center of rigidity (CR) is the point through which lateral forces should pass to avoid floor rotation, while the center of mass (CM) is where the earthquake load acts. 3) For systems with rigid floors, the CR and CM typically coincide and forces are distributed proportionally to stiffness. Systems can also be torsionally coupled, requiring a twisting moment to be applied at the CR in addition to lateral forces.

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62 views11 pages

ERD BE Lecture 9 2013 Lateral Load Resisting Systems

1) Rigid floor diaphragms transfer seismic forces horizontally through the structure and allow vertical elements to share seismic loads. 2) The center of rigidity (CR) is the point through which lateral forces should pass to avoid floor rotation, while the center of mass (CM) is where the earthquake load acts. 3) For systems with rigid floors, the CR and CM typically coincide and forces are distributed proportionally to stiffness. Systems can also be torsionally coupled, requiring a twisting moment to be applied at the CR in addition to lateral forces.

Uploaded by

Niroj Maharjan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Earthquake Resistant

Design
Lecture 9
Lateral Load Resisting System
of Structures
Rigid Floor Diaphragm

Bachelor of Civil Engineering


Institute of Engineering
Horizontal Distribution of Lateral Shear
• Earthquake causes inertia forces at floors
• Transfer to vertical elements
• Transfer to ground
• Shear strength/ Stiffness is important because it determines
the way vertical elements share the seismic force.


Floor Diaphragms
• In - plane v/s out - of - plane flexibility
• In - plane is seismic
• Out - of - plane is gravity
• RC floors are infinitely rigid in its plane
• It moves as rigid body moves in its plane
X

 

Translations and rotations


Floor Diaphragms………………

• Rigid floors assumptions


• Diaphragm action
k 0.5k k

0.5k k
 b
EL

L L

k 0.5k k

Vertical load analogy


Floor Diaphragms………………
• Rigid diaphragm 

F1  F2  F3  F
k  0.5k  k  F
0.4k 0.2k 0.4k
2.5k  F  k  0.4 F
• Forces are directly proportional to stiffness of vertical
elements.
• Flexible diaphragm
No moment capacity

k 0.5k k

0.25F 0.5F 0.25F

• Forces are directly proportional to tributary area


Centre of Mass
• Centre of Mass (CM)
• CM is point on floor through which the
resultant of the mass passes, and hence
through which the Earthquake Load passes.
• Centre of Rigidity (CR)
• CR is point on floor through which lateral
force should pass in order that floor
undergoes only rigid body translation
• No rotation
• Rigid body translations – force resultants
Centre of Mass………..

• For multi storied buildings several definitions,


two commonly used are:
• Commonly used working with storey shears.

This floor does not


CR rotate (others floors
may rotate)
Centre of Mass………………
• CRs are obtained as these points at which vertical seismic
load profile should be applied such that none of the floors
undergo any rotation.
• Location of CR depend on vertical load profile

CR3 F3

CR2 F2 F2

CR1 F1 F1
Torsionally Uncoupled Systems-Rigid Floors
 CR and CM coincide .
• Only transition.
• Distribution proportional to lateral stiffness.


k1 k2 k3
CR
CM
Torsionally Coupled Systems-Rigid Floors

• Force distribution to vertical elements


• Force at CR proportional to lateral stiffness.
• Moment = eE.

Ex Ex Ex
eyEx
CM  
ey Ex

CR eyEx
Ex CR

Force at CR and a twisting


moment eE
Torsionally Coupled Systems-Rigid Floors……….

ki  stiffness in its own plane. r1


5
ri  perpendicular distance from CR
4
 i  ri displacements in its own plane. 1
r5
3
CR
Fi  ki ri r4

Restoring moment in i th element 2


r5
M i  ki ri 2
r 3
Applied moment M t  eE
eE    ki ri 2
eE r1

 ki ri2 r2

 ki ri 
 Fi    eE 
 k r  2
 i i 

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