By,

Suhas, Rajeev
Vinay, Swaroop
Agenda of Today’s seminar
• Introduction and Block Diagram. Why
Implementation
 Theory
are fire
• Theory and Flowcharts. detection and alarm
- Hardware
-Sensor part
• Implementation. systems installed?
- Software
-Control part
 What
 the project is
Conclusion.
 8051 Microcontroller.
all about?

 Future
Flow Scope.
Charts.
 Advantages of this
system !!
 Block Diagram.
Characteristics of the Project
 Can initiate
 Wireless an alarm
based. due 2
Why are fire detection systems  Notify building occupants
required ? fire andevasive
totake can action to
Data transmission at
What the project is all about ? -Provide notification
escape therates.
higher dangers of a
Multipoint Fire Detection system?
What is it? hostile
 More fire.
sensitive to
 Summon to control fire.
organized
Exciting features!! smoldering fires.
assistance
-Inform to
theinitiate
fire or to
force
 Different sensors on
assist
takeinnecessary
fire control action.
different floors make the
• activities.
Each building more
has itsversatile
own
detectors
 Advisable
system thattoiscontrol fire a
wired into
and more responsive to
common
immediately receiving
when point
it starts.
fire conditions.
somewhere on the site.
•  Cost. staffed with
Constantly
 Large
special training
range.to handle all
types of calls
Block Diagram The connections
are
LEDmade
Theis data
used
as pertothe
regarding
indicate
block thethe
diagram.
The connections
extinguishing areof
 Sensor part-1 . made
Sensor
signal
fire
senses
thethethe
as per
from
smoke and inform
the
action
block taken
diagram.
control room byis
 Control part-2. the microcontroller.
RF receiver
microcontroller
received through
Microcontroller
receives the data
 Sensor part-3. 8051.
from
RF sensor
gives receiver.
the the part ,
 Decoded
the datadata is
information
decodes
 Control part-4. given
andregarding
given toto
the
and that
datamicrocontroller8
microcontroller8051.
is encoded and
Data is displayed
051.
transmitted to on
pc.LEDroom.
thecontrol is used to
As per the data
indicate the
received the the
signal action of
action
control room is been
taken.
transmitted through
the RF transmitter to
the sensor part.
OPERATION OF THE SYSTEM
DB-9

DB-9
 Flow Chart of The Entire System
 MICROCONTROLLER
•The AT89V51 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 4K bytes of
Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM).
•8051 is a 40 pin IC
•8051 is an 8-bit Microcontroller.
•128 byes of RAM
•4KBytes of inbuilt ROM.
•It have one serial port i.e. UART
•Four parallel ports i.e. P0,P1,P2&P3.
•It have two 16-bit Timers i.e. Timer0 ,Timer1.
•It have five sources and six Interrupts
•It have four Register Banks (Bank0-3) .

Port 3 special features

 
P3.0 RXD (serial input port)
P3.1 TXD (serial output port)
P3.2 INT0 (external interrupt 0)
P3.3 INT1 (external interrupt 1)
P3.4 T0 (timer 0 external input)
P3.5 T1 (timer 1 external input)
P3.6 WR (external data memory write strobe)
P3.7 RD (external data memory read strobe)
 
Implementation of Hardware

DEVELOPMENT BOARD
Transmitter circuit
The transmitter circuit consists of an encoder and an RF
transmitter module.

Transmitter circuit
Encoder (HT-640)
 Low power and high noise immunity
cmos technology
 Low standby current
 Capable of encoding 18 bits of info
 Pairs with HOLTEK’s HT648 decoder
 10 address pins
 8 data pins
 Built in oscillator needs only a 5% resistor
 Easily interface with an RF or IR
 transmission medium
RF transmitter

RF Transmitter module

•The ST-TX01-ASK is an ASK Hybrid transmitter

module.
•ST-TX01-ASK is designed by the Saw Resonator.
•Effective low cost, small size, and simple-to-use
for designing.
•Frequency Range:315 / 433.92 MHZ.
Receiver circuit
 The receiver circuit consists of a HT648 decoder
and a RF receiver module.
R e c e iv in g
a n te n n a
U1

9 23
D IN D 10 1
D 11
RF 13
14 A0 D 12
2
3
R e c e iv e r 15 A1 D 13 4 d a ta
16 A2 D 14 5
17 A3 D 15 6
A4 D 16
VCC To 18
19 A5 D 17
7

MCU 20 A6
A7 VT
8
21
22 A8
A9
11 R2
R1 10 OSC1 10k
OSC2 R 3 470
390K 24
VDD

VCC H T648L Q1
2N 3904 D1
LED
VCC

Receiver circuit
Decoder (HT-648)
 Low power and high noise immunity
CMOS technology
 Capable of decoding 18 bits of info
 Pairs with HOLTEK’s HT640 encoder
 10 address pins
 8 data pins
 Two times of receiving check
 Built-in oscillator needs only a 5% resistor
 Valid transmission indictor
 Easily interface with an RF or an IR
transmission medium
 RF Receiver
RF Receiver module
•The RF receiver module used is an ASK super heterodyne
receiver with PLL synthesizer and crystal oscillator.

•The operating frequency is 434MHz.

•We use RX3400 IC ,a low power ASK receiver IC suitable for
variety of low power radio applications including remote
keyless entry.
•The RX3400 is based on a single-conversion, super-
heterodyne receiver architecture and incorporates an entire
phase-locked loop (PLL) for precise local oscillator generation.
Smoke Sensor
 Sensor type = smoke, LPG sensor
 Smoke detector = Vegakit GH312 gas module
 Operating voltage = 9-12 volts
 Level output = high 5v, low 0v
 Maximum range = 10m^2 surrounding
 Input voltage = 5vdc regulated
PC Interface to Microcontroller
 We use DB-9 connector to connect the pc to the
8051 development board.
 The control room unit will be monitored by a PC.
So we use MAX232 to interface PC to the
development board.
SOFTWARE
 Kiel: To compile our assembly code, assemble
our assembly source files, link and locate object
modules and libraries, create hex files, and
debug our target program.
 Flash Magic: To download the hex file of the
code onto microcontroller EPROM.
Future Scope
1. GSM based information transmission: We can
extend the usability of our project by connecting
a GSM modem through UART port to transmit
the information of the fire to the Fire station,
police station etc via SMS so that they can act
upon it.
Future Scope
2. Forest fire: With the use of Photodielectric
smoke sensor, forest fire can be detected by
using this system.
Conclusion
 The use of microcontroller gives an advantage of
simple hardware, and low cost.
 Multipoint fire detection system can be
implemented in multistoreyed building to detect
the fire, thus leads to the protection of living
beings and useful resources.
 With the use of less cost a safety check system
can be built and requires less man power to
operate the system.
 Thank u
Now you know...
ALARMS CAN BE YOUR
FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE
But…
You have a responsibility to use a
alarm system .
And…
Now you know how!!!