BE MY MULTIPLE, 1 2 3

4
I’LL BE YOUR 3 st e
p s

7 6
5

Steps
FACTOR
Cat Mouse
8
10 9
1 6 16
11
2 9 18
12 13 14
3 12 20
15 s
e p
4 15 22
18 17 16 2 st
5 18 24
19
6 21 26
20 21 22
7 24 28
23
24
27 26 25
Mouse is safe. 28
29
 MULTIPLES
* Multiples of a number are obtained by multiplying the number by
natural numbers. 4×1=4 4 × 3 = 12
Example:
4×2=8 4 × 4 = 16
Multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28……

* Multiples of a number are those numbers which are exactly divisible

by it.
Example: 44 ÷ 11 = 4 66 ÷ 11 = 6
Multiples of 11 are 11, 22, 33, 44, 55, 66……
* Multiples of any given number are unlimited.
* The first multiple of every number is the number itself.
* Every multiple of a number is greater than or equal to the
number.
 D X
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

M P I
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
O
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

R N U
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
MO U S E
B W S
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

J H E
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
 COMMON
MULTIPLES
* The numbers whose multiples are common to two or more
numbers are said to be the common multiples.
Example 1: find the three common multiples of 2 and 3
Multiples of 2 are 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20,…..
Multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24,….
Common multiples of 2 and 3 are 6, 12, 18,….
Example 2: find the two common multiples of 4, 8 and 12
Multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52,….
Multiples of 8 are 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, 64, 72,…
Multiples of 12 are 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84,…..
Common multiples of 4, 8 and 12 are 24, 48,….
 Puzzle
Tamarind seeds
Sunita took some tamarind (imli) seeds. She made groups of five with
them, and found that one seed was left over. She tried making groups of
six and groups of four. Each time one seed was left over. What is the
smallest number of seeds that Sunita had?
Multiples of 5- 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80,
85, 90, 95, 100, 105, 110, 115, 120,….
Multiples of 6- 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90,
96, 102, 108, 114, 120,…..
Multiples of 4- 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64,
68, 72, 76, 80, 84, 88, 92, 96, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120,……
Common multiple are 60, 120,….
Sunita had 61 seeds (60 + 1)
60 is least common
multiple ( LCM )
 Least Common Multiple
* The smallest common multiple of two or more numbers is called
the least common multiple of the numbers.
Example : Find the LCM of 12 & 20 using common multiple method:
Multiples of 12 are 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120,…
Multiples of 20 are 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140,….
Common Multiples of 12 & 20 are 60, 120,….
LCM of 12 & 20 is 60
There are 18 bangles on the rod. Meena is trying to
group them. She can put them in groups of 2, 3, 6, 9
and 18 — without any bangle being left. 9 groups
2 × 9 = 18

6 groups
3 × 6 = 18

3 groups 2 groups 1 group

6 × 3 = 18 9 × 2 = 18 18 × 1 = 18
Numbers of bangles Different groups we can make
1 × 24 = 24
18 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 & 18 2 × 12 = 24
3 × 8 = 24
24 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 & 24 4 × 6 = 24

5 1&5

9 1, 3 & 9

10 1, 2 & 5

21 1, 3, 7 & 21
 FACTORS
* A number which divides another number exactly( leaving no
remainder at all) is called factor of that number.
30 ÷ 1 = 30 30 ÷ 2 = 15 30 ÷ 3 = 10
Example:
Factors of 30 are 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15 & 30 30 ÷ 5 = 6 30 ÷ 6 = 5 30 ÷ 10 = 3
30 ÷ 15 = 2
* When two numbers are multiplied with each other, each of the
numbers is a factor of the product.
Example: 5 & 7 are factors of 35
5 × 7 = 35 35 is multiple of 5 & 7
* 1 is a factor of every number. It is the smallest factor of a number.
* The greatest factor of every number is the number itself.
* Every factor of a number is less than or equal to the number.
 COMMON FACTORS
* The common numbers among the factors of two or more numbers
are called the common factors.
1 × 12 = 12 Example : Find common factors of 27, 36 &
2 × 6 = 12 48
3 × 4 = 12 Factors of 27 are 1, 3, 9 & 27
Factors of Factors of
12 are 1 &3 15 are 1 × 15 = 15 Factors of 36 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 & 36
1,2,3,4,6,12 1,3,5,15 3 × 5 = 15
Factors of 48 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 & 48

Common factors of 27, 36 & 48 are 1 & 3

Common factors of 12 and 15 are 1 & 3
* Which is the biggest common factor of 27, 36 &
48
3 is highest common
factor ( HCF )
 Highest Common Factor
* The largest common factor of two or more numbers is called the
highest common factor of the numbers.
Example : Find the HCF of 16 & 18 using common factor method:
Factors of 16 are 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
Factors of 18 are 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
Common factors of 16 & 18 are 1, 2
HCF of 16 & 18 is 2
 HOMEWORK
Q1. Write the first five multiples of.
a) 7 b) 13 c) 24 d) 90

Q2. Write the factors of.

b) 14 b) 35 c) 54 d) 96

Q3. Find the common factor of.

c) 3 & 6 b) 12 & 16 c) 64 & 78 d) 25, 10 & 55

Q4. Find the first two common multiples of.

d) 9 & 12 b) 16 & 18 c) 22 & 11 d) 4, 8 & 12

Q5. Find the LCM using common multiple method:

e) 3 & 6 b) 4 & 10

Q6. Find the HCF using common factor method:

a) 24 & 51 b) 48 & 84
THANK YOU