SCHOOLS IN

TRANSITION
Presented by
- Ibtissam Harmachi
- Hamza El Hamzaoui
- Ismail Radi
 THE PLAN

■ Teachers and Learners

■ Contradictions of Schooling
■ Old school as Organization
■ The base for New Pedagogical Possibilities
■ Teaching Students to be Learners
■ Teachers as Master-Learners
■ Emerging New Schools
TEACHERS AND LEARNERS

■ Educational events:

An educational event occurs between the teacher and the learner.

The teacher is always in search of a learner, and vice versa.
In any educational event we have three aspects:
– 1- Encounters (face to face meetings, situations in which you will be faced by other
individuals).
– 2- Communication (is the exchange of message expressing feelings, thoughts….).
– 3- Interactions (in that case are the processes where the teacher and the student
influence and affect each other’s actions and behaviors).
■ Basic activities in learning:

■ 1- Communicating by different ways and means:

 For centuries, communication between human beings has been carried out in oral and
written form.
 Oral communication used to be immediate until recent centuries when it became
possible to have it recorded. “The era of great mute “
 Communication can go in one direction (As in radio and TV broadcasting) or in two
direction (As in oral discussions or telephone conversation)
 Written communication goes through a visual channel, where texts is supported by
pictorial illustrations
■ 2- Object making:

■ Learning can involve also doing something in the physical word, particularly, making
objects. This includes making messages, here are some cases of doing in learning are
represented by constructing :

■ 1- An information object (an actual message)

■ 2- An information process (composing and editing)
■ 3- A mental, inner object (reasoning and imagining)
■ 4- A material object or process.
■ 3- Observation, reflection, imitation:

■ Observation is another process involved in learning, where the learner is an active

participant.

■ An important element in the formation of a thinking human being is Reflection, where

you have the ability to observe yourself and your activities from the outside.
■ 4- Information searches and questioning:

■ -Searching for information was not a popular activity in traditional schooling, but has
become more important in modern life.
■ -Before searching was done in a person’s memory. Even books were not considered as
an everyday source of information except doctors and lawyers.
■ -Today, the search of needed information is becoming a core activity in work and study.
■ - The concept of question was recognized long ago as a mark of a genuine philosopher
and scientists. so, questioning is becoming more and more important in the information
age.
■ -According to Socrates, true learning occurs only in an intensive conversation between
teacher and student, as well as among students.
 CONTRADICTIONS of SCHOOLING

■ Contemporary education is full of contradictory demands, here are some of these:

■ Creativity versus discipline:

■ How to harmonize two contradictory demands is a question of contemporary education?

■ 1- Encourage creative minds eager to explore the unknown.

■ 2-Training the same creative minds to become skillful in manual and mental tasks .
■ Compulsory versus voluntary:
■ -The trouble with compulsory is that is a passive learning.

■ -Students remain incapable to apply what they did learn to anything else besides right
answers and getting high examination scores

■ -Students can not relate what is newly acquired to other pieces learned previously

■ -They are unable to connect recent acquisition to what is already known

■ -It is hard for them to use that knowledge outside school.

■ -Schooling can bring good results only when coupled with inner motivation and self
propelled learning .
■ Classical hierarchy of learning and personal
responsibility:

■ In medieval times, knowledge was a set of commandments transmitted from a

teacher to a student. Later on, the teacher’s duty was to provide students with
the knowledge of the natural laws that would lead human race further along the
path of progress.
■ Three fundamental educational assumptions were made by Socrates and
Descartes:

– Simple skills requiring little understanding are the easiest to learn.

– There is a hierarchy of skills from simple to complex.
– There is a progression towards maturity that must be followed.
■ -Under this system of education, a team of workers or mental agents must
manage learning activities, each performing a single function.

■ -The great realization is that no scientist or political leader knows for sure
how to decide on neither this issue nor any advice to give to us.

■ -The educational system of the 21th century must be oriented towards

creating conditions for students to act and learn freely in productive
collaboration with their teachers, parents, and other members of their
community locally and globally .
Testing abilities

■ Its another approach and differs from Gardner’s theory.

■ Test the abilities of people in a critical way “Contextual thinkers”

■ The Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test (STAT)

■ STAT measures practical abilities of people

Appealing to both sensory and symbolic smarts

■ We should take into consideration students feelings.

■ The traditional classroom must be replaced by rich, stimulating, accepting, warm, and
responsive surroundings.

■ An ideal teacher will appeal equally to both symbolic and sensory smart students
Visual cognition and creative thinking

■ A lot of people nowadays are devoted to visual analysis,

■ the goal of visualization should be objectification

■ Visualize with the help of computers, consciousness can be devoted to higher levels of
critical analysis and synthesis.
This is where computers make an enormous difference
■ visualization has many aspects

- for instance; aesthetic emotional

emotions that are felt during aesthetic activity or appreciation, These emotions may be of the
everyday variety (such as fear, wonder or sympathy)

- another aspect, visualization-as-modelling

like in the classical art of painting (by forcing us to pay attention only to what can be seen
and perceived by the eye)

■ visualizing helps to impart a meaning to a problem and makes it easier to find its solution
Heterarchy and changing pedagogy

■ is based on the opposite of the traditional classical hierarchy

■ In this system, there are more and more cross-connected rings and loops.

■ Constructivism

- knowledge acquired by students should not be supplied by the teacher as a ready-made product.
- Children should be creative rather than being instructed

■ Connectivism

- making connections between mental entities that already exist

- to facilitate learning by improving the connectivity in the learning environment
learning by designing

■ in order to benefit from this project method, both teacher and student must acquire some
generic skills rarely taught in an ordinary school.

■ communication and interaction can build up a good teacher

■ True teachers do something more than just transfer information

TEACHING STUDENTS TO BE
LEARNERS
■ To make a good learner out of every student in your class you need to adopt the strategy
called ‘the way of new schooling’

– Try to have some colleagues at your own or other schools and try to collaborate
either close by or far off (e.g. via email exchange) to develop a project
– Give a variety of optional activities to students
– Provide a friendly environment
– Encourage students by means of informal conversation and discussion
– Use simple and attractive structured games with strict
– Make students aware of their success
– Remember to Choose wisely these games and should relate to education and
encouraging
Students wants to see their teacher as a Partner, Close to them and Someone they trust
TEACHERS AS MASTER-
LEARNERS
■ Teachers should posses three inter-connected kinds of mastery

– Mastery of Doing

– Mastery of Learning

– Mastery of Collaboration

■ Mastery means both, power to control one’s surroundings and wisdom to use it
appropriately.
EMERGING NEW SCHOOLS

■ The main question that should be asked is:

why have all these brilliant ideas and not been introduced everywhere?

■ ICT can give schools a chance to vanquish these seemingly insurmountable obstacles.
Thank You