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How Are Moral Standards Formed?: S. N. Shrivastava

Moral standards are formed based on personal values and shared community values known as morals. Personal values are deep-rooted beliefs that guide individual behavior and decision-making. When values are shared among a community, they become morals which govern what is considered good or bad behavior. Ethics establish rules for what is right and wrong, particularly in professional contexts, while morals reflect intentions and feelings of goodness or badness. Both personal values and shared community morals contribute to the establishment of individual and societal moral standards.

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205 views12 pages

How Are Moral Standards Formed?: S. N. Shrivastava

Moral standards are formed based on personal values and shared community values known as morals. Personal values are deep-rooted beliefs that guide individual behavior and decision-making. When values are shared among a community, they become morals which govern what is considered good or bad behavior. Ethics establish rules for what is right and wrong, particularly in professional contexts, while morals reflect intentions and feelings of goodness or badness. Both personal values and shared community morals contribute to the establishment of individual and societal moral standards.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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How are moral standards

formed?
s. N. shrivastava
Difference Between Ethics, Morals and
Values
Personal Values
• Values  are the foundation of an individual
person’s ability to judge between right and
wrong.
• Values include a deep-rooted system of beliefs
that guide a person’s decisions.
• They form a personal, individual foundation
that influences a particular person’s behavior
Cont…
•  If your value system is founded upon honesty, you would probably
choose to study for a difficult test rather than cheating for a
passing grade.
• a person who values achievement and success over honesty, you
may decide to cheat on the exam instead.
• someone who values friendship drops everything to help a friend
• people who value a healthy lifestyle make sure they have time to
work out in the morning
• a person who values success works late nights to achieve a
promotion
This relates to which value is “worth more” to the individual.
These values form our personality types. They also help us
make decisions that affect the course of our lives. When
these values are shared by others in our community, they
are known as morals.
Code of Morals
• Morals also known as moral values, are the
system of beliefs that emerge out of core
values.
• Morals are specific and context-driven rules
that govern a person’s desire to be good.
• They can be shared by a larger population/
group, but a person's moral code may differ
from others' depending on their personal values
Cont…
• We make moral decisions based on personal
values all the time.
• E.g. of a moral in the example above is determined by a
person's value of honesty: cheating is bad. Someone who
values success more than honesty may behave by another
moral: cheating is fine.
• Helping a friend is a good thing to do (based on a value of
friendship).
• It is bad to skip a workout (based on a value of a healthy
lifestyle).
• Working late at night is a good thing to do (based on a
value of success).
Morals vs. Ethics
• Ethics and morals are very similar. In fact, many ethicists
consider the terms to be interchangeable. However,
there are slight differences in how they affect our lives.
• While morals are concerned with individuals feeling
"good" or "bad," ethics determine what behaviors are
"right" or "wrong."
• Ethics dictate what practical behaviors are allowed, while
morals reflect our intentions. Consider morals as the
rulebook and ethics as the motivator that leads to proper
or improper action.
We are most likely to see a code of ethics in the business or legal
fields. These areas are much more black and white than personal
values or morals since they set rules for employees and citizens in
a society.
• Doctors are held to a strict code of ethics when they swear the
Hippocratic Oath. They are bound to the rule "do no harm," and
can be held accountable if they do cause harm to their patients.
• An organization like PETA, which stands for “People for the Ethical
Treatment of Animals," pursues legal action against those who do
not treat animals in an ethical way.
• Employees often sign a code of ethics, which includes keeping
important matters confidential and not stealing from the
workplace — both of which would be fireable offenses.
• Defense lawyers are ethically bound to defend their clients to the
best of their ability, even if they are morally opposed to their
clients' crimes. Breaking this ethical code could result in a mistrial
or disbarment.
• Ethics are basically an institution's attempt to regulate
behavior with rules based on a shared moral code. Violating
ethics has the same consequence as breaking a rule, while
violating one's morals results in personal guilt and shame
instead of a societal consequence.
Formulation of Our Value
• 40% value is genetically determined
• Balance is given by the environmental factors
Culture
• Parental dictates
• Teachers
• Friends and other situations
Workforce Value

• At the workplace
• Old value: Hard work, conservativetraditional,
loyalty to the employer organization.
• Today value: Job satisfaction, leisure time,
loyalty to relationship, flexibility to career 
• Negative value: Anger, ,meanness, arrogance
(overconfidence),crookednesswicked, greed/lust

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