CHAPTER 6

IN SUNNY SPAIN
 After Rizal finished the 4 year
th

of the medical course in UST

Rizal was disgusted in the
method of instruction in this own
Dominican- owned university
and racial discrimination against
Filipino students.
 Rizal’s Secret Mission
 To observe keenly the life and culture,
languages and customs, industries and
commerce and governments and laws
of the European nation
 To prepare himself in the mighty task
of liberating his oppressed people
from Spanish Tyranny
Secret Departure for Spain
 Rizal’s departure for Spain
was kept secret to avoid
detection by Spanish
authorities and the friars
The People who knew:
 Paciano ( older brother )
 Antonio Rivera ( father of Leonor Rivera )
 Neneng and Lucia ( his sisters )
 The Valenzuela Family
 Capitan Juan and Capitana Sanday and their daughter
Orang
 Pedro A Paterno
 Mateo Evangelista
 Ateneo Jesuit Father
 Some intimate friends including Chengoy ( Jose M.
Cecilio )
 May 03 1882
 Rizal departed on board the Spanish
steamer Salvadora bound for
Singapore.
 As he observed the passengers in
board of steamer he was the only
Filipino passenger the rest were
Spaniards, British, and Indian
Negroes.
 May 9, 1882

 The Salvadora docked at Singapore

Rizal landed, registered at Hotel De
la Paz and spent 2 days of sight
seeing soireee of the city which was
the colony of England
 May 11, 1882

 In Singapore Rizal transferred to another

ship Djemnah ( a French steamer ) It was a
larger and clearer vessel which carried more
passengers
 Among these passengers were British,
French, Dutch, Spaniards, Malays, Siamese
and Filipino (Mr and Mrs Salazar, Mr.
Vicente Pardo and Jose Rizal)
 May 17 1882

 The Djemnah reached point Gallea

Seacoast town in southern Ceylon
now Sri Lanka
 Rizal was unimpressed by this town
he wrote “ The general appearance of
point Galle is picturesque but lonely
and quiet and at the same time sad”
June 11 1882

 Rizal reached the Naples. The

Italian city pleased him because
of its business activity, its lively
people and and its panoramic
beauty. He was fascinated by
Mount Vesuvius, the castle of St
Telmo and other historic sights of
 June 12 1882

 The steamer docked at the French

harbor of Marseilles
 He visited the famous Chateau
d’lf where Dantes, hero of The
Count Monte Cristo was
imprisoned
 June 15 1882

 Rizal left Marseille

 By train for the last lap of his trip to
Spain
 After the passport inspection at Port
Bou Rizal continued his trip by rail
 June 16, 1882

 Rizal finally reached Barcelona

 The Filipinos is Barcelona some of
whom were his schoolmates in
Ateneo welcomed him
 They gave him a party at their
favorite café in Plaza de Cataluña
 September 15 1882
 According to Paciano’s letter that
Rizal received the cholera was
ravaging Manila and Provinces
 According to the letter as well that
the Calamba folks were having
afternoon Novenas to San Roque
and nocturnal prayers so that God
may stop the dreadful epidemic
 November 3 1882 / Life in Madrid

 Rizal enrolled in the Universidad Central de

Madrid in two courses Medicine and Philosophy
and letters
 Aside from his heavy studies in the University,
he studied painting and sculpture in the
Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando
 Took lessons in French, German and English
under private instructors
 Practiced fencing and shooting in the Hall of
Arms of Sanz y Carbonell
Romance with Consuelo Ortiga y Perez
 He fell in love with the daughter of Don
Pablo who is Consuelo he was attracted
with Consuelo’s beauty and vivacity
 Consuelo is the daughter of Don Pablo
Ortiga y Rey ( City Mayor of Manila
during the administration of the liberal
governor general Carlos Ma de la Torre
1869-1871) where he visited every
Saturday nights
 Rizal also wrote a poem for
Consuelo on August 22 1883
entitled A La Senorita C. O. y P.
( To miss C. O. y P.) where he
expressed his admiration for her
and he found solace and joy in her
company.
 But before Rizal’s romance could
blossom into serous affair he suddenly
backed out for 2 reasons:
 1. He was still engaged to Leonor Rivera

 2. His friend and co-worker in

Propaganda movement Eduardo de

Lete was madly in love with Consuelo
he had no idea to break their friendship
because of a pretty girl
 Rizal as a Lover of Book
 A favorite past time of Rizal during his
stay in Madrid was reading
 Instead of gambling and flirting with
women as many young Filipinos did in
Spanish metropolis he stayed at home
and read until midnight
 With the money he saved he purchased
books from a secondhand book owned
by a certain Senor Roses
 Rizal’s First Visit to Paris
 During his first summer vacation in
Madrid Rzal went to Paris from June 17
to August 20 1883
 At first he was billeted at the Hotel de
Paris on 37 Rue de Maubange later he
moved to a a cheaper hotel on 124 Rue
de Rennes in the latin quarter where it
was cheaper to live.
 Like all tourist Rizal was charmingly titillated by the
attractive sights of Paris, such as the beautiful
boulevards (particularly the Champs Elysses), the Opera
House, the place De la Concorde, The arch of Triumph,
The Bois de Boulogne (magnificent park), the Madelaine
Church, the Cathedral of Notre Dame the Column
Vendome, the Invalides and the fabolous Versailles
 Unlike ordinary tourists Rizal improved his mind by
observing closely the French way of lif and spending
many hours at the museums notably the world famous
Louvre the botanical gardens especially the Luxembourg,
the libraries, and art galleries, and the hospitals including
the Laennec Hospital where he observed Dr. Nicaise
treating his patients and the Lariboisiere Hospital where
he observed the examination of different diseases of
women.
 Financial Worries
 After Rizal departure for Spain things
turned from bad to worse in Calamba
 The harvests of rice and sugarcane
failed on accountof drought and locusts
 The manager of Dominican owned
hacienda increased the rentals of the
lands cultivated by the Rizal family
 Due to hard times in Calamba, the
monthly allowances of Rizal in
Madrid were late in arrival and
there were times when they never
arrived causing much suffering to
him
 Paciano was forced to sell his
younger brother’s pony in order to
send money to Madrid
 JUNE 24, 1884
 A touching incident in Rizal’s life in Madrid
occurred because he was broke he was unable to
take breakfast that day.
 He attended his class at the university ,
participated in the contest in Greek language and
won the gold medal.
 In the evening of the same day he was able to eat
dinner for he was a guest speaker in a banquet
held in honor of Juan Luna and Felix
Resurreccion Hidalgo at Restaurant Ingles,
Madrid
EVENING OF JUNE 25, 1884
 Rizal saluted Luna and Hidalgo as the two glories
of Spain and the Philippines whose artistic
achievements transcended geographical frontiers
and racial origins for genius is universal “Genius
knows no country, genius sprouts everywhere,
genius is like light, air the patrimony of
everybody cosmopolitan like space, like life, like
God”
 He also assailed with refined sarcasm the bigotry
and blindness of certain unworthy Spaniards
referring to bad friars in the Philippines who
could not comprehend the universality of genius
 Rizal Involved in Student Demonstrations
 On Nov 20, 21 and 22 1884 the serene city of
Madrid exploded in bloody riots by the students of
the central university. Rizal and other Filipinos
participated together with Cuban, Mexican,
Peruvian and Spanish students.
 The students demonstrations were caused by the
address of Dr. Miguel Morayta professor of
history at the opening ceremonies of the
academic year
 On Nov 20 in which he proclaimed “ the freedom
of science and the teacher” such a liberal view
was condemed by the catholic bishops of Spain
Studies Completed in Spain
 Rizal completed his
medical course in Spain. He
was conferred the degree of
licentiate in Medicine by
the Universidad Central de
Madrid on June 21 1884
 At long last Rizal completed his
studies in Spain by obtaining the
degree of licentiate in philosophy
and letters he became qualified to be
professor of humanities in any
Spanish universities.
 By receiving his degree of
licentiate in Medicine, became a
full pledged physician.
 Qualified to practice Medicine