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Interpersonal Metafunction

The document summarizes an agenda for a workshop on Systemic Functional Semiotics. The workshop will cover four parts: [1] Situating Appraisal in the SFL model of language and explaining the context, content, and expression planes and how interpersonal meanings are realized linguistically. [2] An overview of the Appraisal system and its sub-systems of attitude, engagement, and graduation. [3] Delicate choices in expressing attitude, including explicit "inscription" and implicit "invocation." [4] The graduation system. The document provides details on the content and objectives of each part.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
165 views49 pages

Interpersonal Metafunction

The document summarizes an agenda for a workshop on Systemic Functional Semiotics. The workshop will cover four parts: [1] Situating Appraisal in the SFL model of language and explaining the context, content, and expression planes and how interpersonal meanings are realized linguistically. [2] An overview of the Appraisal system and its sub-systems of attitude, engagement, and graduation. [3] Delicate choices in expressing attitude, including explicit "inscription" and implicit "invocation." [4] The graduation system. The document provides details on the content and objectives of each part.

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Phan Tuấn Ly
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Systemic Function Semiotics workshop:

Interpersonal semiosis

Dr Thu Ngo
Lecturer in Language and Literacy education,
Australia Catholic University
Email: thu.ngo@acu.edu.au
 
Agenda
Part 1: Situating Appraisal in the SFL model
Part 2: Overview of the Appraisal system
Part 3: Delicate choices of ATTITUDE
- Inscription
- Invocation

Part 4: The GRADUATION system


PART 1: Situating Appraisal in the SFL model
The SFL model
Context plane:
• Cultural context
• Situational context

Content plane:
• Discourse
semantics
• Lexico-grammar

Expression plane:
• Phonology
• Graphology
Three major metafunctions

interpersonal

textual ideational
Interpersonal meanings and
linguistic realisations
Content plane: - discourse semantic systems…
Meanings at Discourse-Semantic
stratum interpersonal

NEGOTIATION
APPRAISAL

textual IDENTIFICATION
PERIODICITY IDEATION
CONJUNCTION

ideational
Interpersonal meaning discourse
semantic systems
NEGOTIATION comprises resources for
enacting social relations in the unit of
APPRAISAL comprises resources
dialogue referred to as an exchange. An for enacting social relations by
exchange consists of up to five basic moves, sharing attitudes, which consists
plus tracking and challenging moves which
facilitate or frustrate a successful exchange of
of three sub-systems of
information, goods & services, calls or ATTITUDE, ENGAGEMENT and
greetings. GRADUATION (Martin & White,
2005).
PART 2: Overview of the APPRAISAL system
THE APPRAISAL SYSTEM
(Intra-personal): nghĩa nội nhân (không phải liên nhân)
The Appraisal system of language
1. Types of Attitudes and Explicit expressions of Attitudes
Attitudes can be positive (+ve) (e.g.
Evaluative language is used to express happy) or negative (-ve) (e.g. sad).
Attitudes. 3 types of Attitudes:
1. Affect: Sharing feelings: expressing Attitudes can be expressed explicitly or
characters’ feelings to build up implicitly.
empathy & suspense in stories
Explicit Attitudes are expressed via
evaluative words of different word
2. Judgement: Judging behaviour and class, e.g. N, V, Adj, Adv.
capacity: to judge characters’
behavior and capacity. WORD CLASS:
https://syllabus.nesa.nsw.edu.au/asset
3. Appreciation: Evaluating qualities: s/global/files/english_k6_asm2.pdf
assess the quality of things &
characters’ appearance.
Xác định loại Thái Độ trong văn bản sau
Thân mến gửi chị gái Công chứng viên của 01 phòng công chứng ở Nơ Trang Long (BT)!
Em hông biết chị học Thạc sĩ gì và Thạc sĩ ở đâu mà chị làm Công chứng viên kiểu vậy, nhưng việc
không nắm một tí tẹo gì về quy tắc và bản chất làm em rất ghét chị.
Thêm nữa chị thật "tế nhị" khi lấy bản sao bằng Toeic và Tin học của em bỏ vào thùng rác một
cách tự nhiên và không một lời xin lỗi!
Chuyện là em đi công chứng bằng Tin học A và bằng Toeic, "Thạc sĩ - Công chứng viên" nói:
"Bằng tin em hết hạn rồi, Bằng A giờ có giá trị 3 tháng thôi, bỏ đi, về thi lại đi, chị không công
chứng được đâu bé ơi (chị có khi trẻ hơn em)!"
Nói rồi chị bỏ 2 bản photo bằng của em vào thùng rác, rồi quay mặt đi trong sự bàng hoàng của
em.
Sau đó em qua bên phòng công chứng khác thì chú Công chứng viên nói: "Chứng được nha con!"

Tím 2 Ví dụ:
Affect: Cảm xúc
Judgement: Phán xét (hành vi, tính
cách)
Appreciation: Đánh giá sư vật hiện
tượng
PART 3: Delicate choices of the ATTITUDE
system
A.INSCRIPTION:
Explicit expressions
of Attitude
B.INVOCATION:
Implicit expressions
of Attitude
A. INSCRIPTION: EXPLICIT ATTUTUDE
AFFECT

JUDGEMENT

APPRECIATION
1. The AFFECT system
Reading the network
Polarity: Negative- Positive .

Each AFFECT type: ‘mood’ (in me) or


‘triggered’ (directed at others) as in the
case of Cheer (mood) and Affection
(triggered).
Lexical realisation: surge of behaviour
(in the first two lexical items, e.g. hug,
cuddle) and disposition (in the latter two
lexical items, e.g. fond, loving).

Gradation: lower to higher degree (e.g.


curious-absorbed).

Martin, J. R. (2017). The discourse semantics of attitudinal relations:


continuing the study of lexis. Вестник Российского университета
дружбы народов. Серия: Лингвистика, 21(1). 
1. Explicit AFFECT: Expressing personal feelings
She turned on the television. She went from
channel to channel to channel, but there was +ve HAPPINESS (cheer) : enjoyed, cheerfully
nothing on but men in suits talking about the
stock market, and talk shows. Eventually, she -ve DISSATISFACTION (Ennui): bored
found something to watch: it was the last half
of a natural history program about something What word class are the
called protective coloration. She watched
animals, birds, and insects which disguised affective words in this
themselves as leaves or twigs or other animals excerpt?
to escape from things that could hurt them.
She enjoyed it, but it ended too soon and was
followed by a program about a cake factory. 
Coraline went to see her father.
He had his back to the door as he typed. “Go
away,” he said cheerfully as she walked in.
“I’m bored,” she said.
Identify delicate types of Affect in the Very
Cranky Bear
2. EXPLICIT JUDGEMENT:
2.Explicit JUDGEMENT: Judging people’s behaviours

The other crazy old man upstairs was Expecting it to be a toffee or a butterscotch ball, Coraline
standing in the doorway, holding a tall black looked down. The bag was half filled with large shiny
hat in his hands. The rats scampered up him,
burrowing into his pockets, into his shirt, up blackbeetles, crawling over each other in their efforts to get
his trouser legs, down his neck. out of the bag. 
“No,” said Coraline. “I don’t want one.” 
“Suit yourself,” said her other mother. She carefully picked
out a particularly large and black beetle, pulled off its legs
(which she dropped, neatly, into a big glass ashtray on the
“The vet says that Hamish is a brave little small table beside the sofa), and popped the beetle into her
soldier,” she said.  mouth. She crunched it happily. 
“Yum,” she said, and took another. 
“You’re sick,” said Coraline. “Sick and evil and weird.” 
What word class are the “Is that any way to talk to your mother?” her other mother
Judgement words in these asked, with her mouth full of blackbeetles. 
“You aren’t my mother,” said Coraline. 
excerpts?
Identify delicate types of Judgement in The
Very Cranky Bear
3. APPRECIATION: evaluating things and phenomenon
3. Appreciation: Evaluating things
It was different from her bedroom at home. For a start it was painted in an off-putting shade of
green and a peculiar shade of pink. 
Coraline decided that she wouldn’t want to have to sleep in there, but that the color scheme was
an awful lot more interesting than her own bedroom. 
There were all sorts of remarkable things in there she’d never seen before: windup angels that
fluttered around the bedroom like startled sparrows; books with pictures that writhed and
crawled and shimmered; little dinosaur skulls that chattered their teeth as she passed. A whole
toy box filled with wonderful toys. 

Identify APPRECIATION.
What are the lexico-grammar realisations?
Grammatical realisations of Explicit Attitude
Attitudes can be expressed explicitly by:

• Noun: despair, pain, loss, happiness, love, affection


• Adjective: bored, agonising, crazy, wonderful
• Adverb: cheerfully, sorrowful
• Verb: enjoy, hate

EVALUATIVE WORDS: WORD KNOWLEDGE


K-6 Grammar Scope & Sequence (p.4 onwards)

https://syllabus.nesa.nsw.edu.au/assets/global/files/english_k6_asm2.pdf
Identify Appreciation in the Very Cranky Bear
PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER:
Types and Realisations of Attitude
2. I don’t like
TASK: 1. The spider
being stalked,
• Underline the evaluative word(s) in the following extracts. made Coraline
not by psycho-
• Identify the type of Attitude each word expresses. intensely
nerds or their
• Identify word class of each evaluative word. uncomfortable.
cats.
5. Her other mother smiled gently. With one hand she
3. The black shape 4. They were talking
cracked the eggs into a bowl; with the other she whisked
went into the drawing about which kind of
them and whirled them. Then she dropped a pat of
rroom, and Coraline sweater to get for
butter into a frying pan, where it hissed and fizzled and
followed it a little Coraline, and were
spun as she sliced thin slices of cheese. She poured the
nervously. agreeing that the best
melted butter and the cheese into the egg-mixture, and
thing to do would be to
whisked it some more. 
get one that was
“Now, I think you’re being silly, dear,” said the other
embarrassingly large
mother. “I love you. I will always love you. Nobody
and baggy, in the hopes
sensible believes in ghosts anyway—that’s because
that one day she might
they’re all such liars. Smell the lovely breakfast I’m
grow into it.
making for you.” She poured the yellow mixture into the
pan. “Cheese omelette. Your favorite.” 
Attitudes can be: Directly or Indirectly expressed.

⇒ In the highlighted excerpt, what can you interpret about


Coraline’s feeling? Is there any words that tells you directly
how she was feeling?
⇒ This way of attributing feeling to a character is called
‘Indirect/implicit Attitudes’.

She turned on the television. She went from channel to


channel to channel, but there was nothing on but men
in suits talking about the stock market, and talk shows.
Eventually, she found something to watch: it was the
last half of a natural history program about something
called protective coloration. She watched animals,
birds, and insects which disguised themselves as leaves
or twigs or other animals to escape from things that
could hurt them. She enjoyed it, but it ended too soon
and was followed by a program about a cake factory. 
Coraline went to see her father.
He had his back to the door as he typed. “Go away,” he
said cheerfully as she walked in.
“I’m bored,” she said.
B. INVOCATION: IMPLICIT ATTITUDE
INVOCATION STRATEGIES
B. INVOCATION: implicit attitudes
Thân mến gửi chị gái Công chứng viên của 01 phòng công chứng ở Nơ Trang Long (BT)!
Em hông biết chị học Thạc sĩ gì và Thạc sĩ ở đâu mà chị làm Công chứng viên kiểu vậy, nhưng việc
không nắm một tí tẹo gì về quy tắc và bản chất làm em rất ghét chị.
Thêm nữa chị thật "tế nhị" khi lấy bản sao bằng Toeic và Tin học của em bỏ vào thùng rác một
cách tự nhiên và không một lời xin lỗi!
Chuyện là em đi công chứng bằng Tin học A và bằng Toeic, "Thạc sĩ - Công chứng viên" nói:
"Bằng tin em hết hạn rồi, Bằng A giờ có giá trị 3 tháng thôi, bỏ đi, về thi lại đi, chị không công
chứng được đâu bé ơi (chị có khi trẻ hơn em)!"
Nói rồi chị bỏ 2 bản photo bằng của em vào thùng rác, rồi quay mặt đi trong sự bàng hoàng của
em.
Sau đó em qua bên phòng công chứng khác thì chú Công chứng viên nói: "Chứng được nha con!"
INVOCATION STRATEGIES EXPLICIT
“I’m bored,” she said
-ve AFFECT Use evaluative
vocabulary

She turned on the television. She


went from channel to channel to
channel, but there was nothing on
but men in suits talking about the
stock market, and talk shows.

-ve AFFECT
Use selected
‘story’
Implicit
INVOCATION: implicit attitudes
Thân mến gửi chị gái Công chứng viên của 01 phòng công chứng ở Nơ Trang Long (BT)!
Em hông biết chị học Thạc sĩ gì và Thạc sĩ ở đâu mà chị làm Công chứng viên kiểu vậy, nhưng việc
không nắm một tí tẹo gì về quy tắc và bản chất làm em rất ghét chị.
Thêm nữa chị thật "tế nhị" khi lấy bản sao bằng Toeic và Tin học của em bỏ vào thùng rác một
cách tự nhiên và không một lời xin lỗi!
Chuyện là em đi công chứng bằng Tin học A và bằng Toeic, "Thạc sĩ - Công chứng viên" nói:
"Bằng tin em hết hạn rồi, Bằng A giờ có giá trị 3 tháng thôi, bỏ đi, về thi lại đi, chị không công
chứng được đâu bé ơi (chị có khi trẻ hơn em)!"
Nói rồi chị bỏ 2 bản photo bằng của em vào thùng rác, rồi quay mặt đi trong sự bàng hoàng của
em.
Sau đó em qua bên phòng công chứng khác thì chú Công chứng viên nói: "Chứng được nha con!"

Identify selected story strategy.


How does it help us judge the
personality of the Justice of Peace
official?
INVOCATION STRATEGIES EXPLICIT
and Coraline’s other “I’m bored,” she said
mother brought -ve AFFECT Use evaluative
them lunch. A huge, vocabulary
She turned on
golden-brown
the television.
roasted chicken,
She went from
fried potatoes, tiny Use
channel to
green peas. Coraline metaphor/
channel to
shovelled the food simile
channel, but
into her mouth.
there was +ve Appreciation
nothing on but of the Food
men in suits
talking about
the stock
market, and
talk shows.
-ve AFFECT
Use
selected
Implicit ‘story’
INVOCATION: implicit attitudes
Thân mến gửi chị gái Công chứng viên của 01 phòng công chứng ở Nơ Trang Long (BT)!
Em hông biết chị học Thạc sĩ gì và Thạc sĩ ở đâu mà chị làm Công chứng viên kiểu vậy, nhưng việc
không nắm một tí tẹo gì về quy tắc và bản chất làm em rất ghét chị.
Thêm nữa chị thật "tế nhị" khi lấy bản sao bằng Toeic và Tin học của em bỏ vào thùng rác một
cách tự nhiên và không một lời xin lỗi!
Chuyện là em đi công chứng bằng Tin học A và bằng Toeic, "Thạc sĩ - Công chứng viên" nói:
"Bằng tin em hết hạn rồi, Bằng A giờ có giá trị 3 tháng thôi, bỏ đi, về thi lại đi, chị không công
chứng được đâu bé ơi (chị có khi trẻ hơn em)!"
Nói rồi chị bỏ 2 bản photo bằng của em vào thùng rác, rồi quay mặt đi trong sự bàng hoàng của
em.
Sau đó em qua bên phòng công chứng khác thì chú Công chứng viên nói: "Chứng được nha con!"

Hãy chỉ ra chiến lược dùng


figurative language (tu từ????)
INVOCATION STRATEGIES “I’m bored,”
EXPLICIT
and Coraline’s other she said
Her mother mother brought them -ve AFFECT Use evaluative
sometimes lunch. A huge, golden-
She turned on made chicken, vocabulary
brown roasted
the television. but it was chicken, fried
She went from always out of potatoes, tiny green
channel to packets or peas. Coraline
channel to frozen, and shovelled the food Use
channel, but was very dry, into her mouth. metaphor/
there was and it never simile
tasted of +ve
nothing on but
anything APPRECIATION
men in suits
talking about -ve Appr
the stock Use Graduation
market, and
talk shows.
-ve AFFECT
Use
selected
Implicit ‘story’
3 ways to express Attitude implicitly without
having to use evaluative words
• Use figurative language (metaphor/simile/sarcasm)
• Use Graduation
• Use Selected story
Activity 3: The very cranky bear
Analyse Appraisal in ‘The very cranky bear’.

Comment on the patterns of evaluative meanings in the story.

What do you see most often? Affect/Judgement/Appreciation?

How is Attitude expressed? Explicit or Implicit? Why?


PART 4: The GRADUATION SYSTEM
Dimensions of Force and Focus

Adapted from
Martin & White
(2005), Martin &
Rose (2003),
and Hood (2010)
FORCE: covers assessments as to degree of intensity (intensifications) and as to
amount (quantifications)
•Intensifications:
-Quality:
E.g. Slightly foolish, extremely foolish
-Process:
E.g. Slightly disturbed me, greatly disturbed me
•Quantifications:
-Amount:
E.g. A slight concern, a huge success
-Extent:
Martin and White (2005)
Realisations of Intensification

1. Isolated lexemes
• Grammatical items
E.g. On my birthday, we were to go to somewhere very special.
• Lexical items
E.g. It’s actually really easy once you’ve got it.
2. Semantic Infusion
E.g. And with that, I couldn’t find anything to say. Not even any tears to cry.
The agony was too great, the agony of great loss.
3. Repetition
• Of same words:
E.g. We laughed and laughed and laughed.
• Of semantically related words:
E.g. You stinky, filthy, dirty one.
Semantic Infusion
Semantic infusion
Dana smiled as Amy left. She noticed a girl with orange hair sitting all
alone. Other girls walked past her, laughing and chatting, didn’t even
seem to notice her at the corner of their eyes. It reminded her of
herself in Year 7. Now that she was in Year 12 and a few more days until
she would graduate from high school, that nearly made her sob.

Weep

loudly
Semantic infusion: Flavoured tea
The nurse looked worried and anguished. She sighed, and shook her
head. Her eyes swam with tears and her voice faltered as she came
closer to me and whispered:

Anguished (flavoured tea)


= extremely (flavour)
+ painful (tea)
Xác định Intensification trong văn bản sau
Thân mến gửi chị gái Công chứng viên của 01 phòng công chứng ở Nơ Trang Long (BT)!
Em hông biết chị học Thạc sĩ gì và Thạc sĩ ở đâu mà chị làm Công chứng viên kiểu vậy, nhưng việc
không nắm một tí tẹo gì về quy tắc và bản chất làm em rất ghét chị.
Thêm nữa chị thật "tế nhị" khi lấy bản sao bằng Toeic và Tin học của em bỏ vào thùng rác một
cách tự nhiên và không một lời xin lỗi!
Chuyện là em đi công chứng bằng Tin học A và bằng Toeic, "Thạc sĩ - Công chứng viên" nói:
"Bằng tin em hết hạn rồi, Bằng A giờ có giá trị 3 tháng thôi, bỏ đi, về thi lại đi, chị không công
chứng được đâu bé ơi (chị có khi trẻ hơn em)!"
Nói rồi chị bỏ 2 bản photo bằng của em vào thùng rác, rồi quay mặt đi trong sự bàng hoàng của
em.
Sau đó em qua bên phòng công chứng khác thì chú Công chứng viên nói: "Chứng được nha con!"
Analyse The Very Cranky Bear for
Intensification

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