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Current, Resistance and Electromotive Force: Unit 4

This document discusses electric current, resistance, and electromotive force. It defines current as the rate of charge flow measured in amperes. It presents Ohm's law, which states that current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance. It also introduces electromotive force as the potential difference needed to maintain a current against an internal resistance. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculations of current, voltage, resistance, and electromotive force using these fundamental relationships.

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425 views15 pages

Current, Resistance and Electromotive Force: Unit 4

This document discusses electric current, resistance, and electromotive force. It defines current as the rate of charge flow measured in amperes. It presents Ohm's law, which states that current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance. It also introduces electromotive force as the potential difference needed to maintain a current against an internal resistance. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculations of current, voltage, resistance, and electromotive force using these fundamental relationships.

Uploaded by

J i n
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CURRENT, RESISTANCE AND

ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE

UNIT 4
Table of Contents

Introduction Presentation
You could describe the topic You could describe the topic
of the section here of the section here

Analysis Conclusion
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of the section here of the section here
ELECTRIC
CURRENT (I)
is the rate of charge flow past
a given point in an electric
circuit, measured in
Coulombs/second which is
named Amperes.
ELECTRIC
 
CURRENT (I) I=
Where:
I = Current (Ampere or C/s)
Q = Charge (Coulomb)
t = Time (seconds)

The SI unit for electric current is called Ampere (A) named


after Andre’ Marie Ampere which is equivalent to Coulomb
per seconds.
Example 1:
A steady current of 5A is maintained in a metallic conductor. What charge Q in
coulombs is transferred through it in 1 minute?

Given: I= 5A Q= ? t= 1 min= 60 sec

Solution:
Q = It
= 5A x 60 s
= 300C
Example 2:
A 2 mm long cross section of wire is isolated and 20 C of charge is determined to pass
through it in 40 s.

Given: I= ? Q= 20 C t= 40 sec

Solution:
I = Q/t
= 20C / 40 sec
= 0.5 A
Example 3:
A 1 mm long cross section of wire is isolated and 2 C of charge is determined to pass
through it in 0.5 s.

Given: I= ? Q= 2 C t= 0.5 sec

Solution:
I = Q/t
= 2C / 0.5 sec
= 4A
OHM’S LAW
“Current is directly
proportional to Voltage and
inversely proportional to
Resistance.”
OHM’S LAW  

I=
Where: ●  
I = Current (Ampere or C/s)
V = Voltage (V)
R = Resistance ()
Example 1:
What current is in an electric iron having a hot resistance of 22 Ω when connected across
a 220V line?

Given: I= ? V= 220V R= 22 Ω
Solution:
I = V/R
= 220 V / 22Ω
= 10 A
Example 2:
What is the current through an electric toaster of 10 Ω resistance when it is connected to a
220V source?

Given: I= ? V= 220V R= 10 Ω
Solution:
I = V/R
= 220 V / 10Ω
= 22 A
Electromotive force
Emf=
IR

Where:
Emf = electromotive force (V)
I = current (A)
R = resistance (Ω)
Example 1:
What potential difference is required to pass 3A through 28 Ω?

Given: Emf= I= 3A R= 28 Ω

Solution:
Emf = IR
= 3A * 28Ω
= 84 V
Example 2:
What is the electromotive force of a battery with internal resistance of 1Ω and 2A
current?

Given: Emf= ? I= 2A R= 1Ω

Solution:
Emf = IR
= 2A * 1Ω
= 2V

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