B.

TECH III YEAR SEM-1

ACADEMIC YEAR –JULY, 2021

PE-1
DATA VISUALIZATION TECHNIQUES
COURSE CODE: 19CS3051S

INTRODUCTION
 Visualization
• Representation in a Graphical/Pictorial Form
A picture is worth a thousand words
• Defining visualization (vis):
Computer-based visualization systems provide
visual representations of datasets designed to
help people carry out tasks more effectively.
 Data visualization
What is data visualization and why is it important?
•Data visualization refers to the techniques used to
communicate data or information by encoding it as visual
objects (e.g., points, lines or bars) contained in graphics.
•Data visualization is the graphical representation of
information and data.
•The goal is to communicate information clearly and
efficiently to users.
•It is one of the steps in data analysis or data science.
•According to Vitaly Friedman (2008) the "main goal of
data visualization is to communicate information clearly
and effectively through graphical means.
 How is data Visualization used?
• Data visualization is the act of taking
information (data) and placing it into a visual
context, such as a map or graph. Data
visualizations make big and small data easier
for the human brain to understand, and 
visualization also makes it easier to detect
patterns, trends, and outliers in groups of data.
Why is data visualization so important?

We need data visualization because a visual

summary of information makes it easier to
identify patterns and trends than looking
through thousands of rows on a spreadsheet. 
It's the way the human brain works. Since the
purpose of data analysis is to gain
insights, data is much more valuable when it is
visualized
 Why do we visualize data?

Because of the way the human brain processes

information, using charts or graphs
to visualize large amounts of complex data is
easier than poring over spreadsheets or reports
Programming Languages and Tools Covered
 Data Visualization Tools/Technologies used in
our Course(For Lab/Skilling Purposes)

• Tableau-----Can be used as a Tool

• Python------Can be used as a Programming
Language

The visualizations generated are of High

Quality
 Best data visualization tools..

• The best data visualization tools include

Google Charts, Tableau, Grafana, Chartist. js,
FusionCharts, Datawrapper, Infogram,
ChartBlocks, and D3. js. The best tools offer a
variety of visualization styles, are easy to use,
and can handle large data sets.
Visualization pipiline..
 Benefits of Data Visualization

• Faster Action. The human brain tends to process

visual information far more easily than written
information. ...
• Communicate Findings in Constructive Ways. ...
• Understand Connections Between Operations
and Results. ...
• Embrace Emerging Trends. ...
• Interact With Data. ...
• Create New Discussion. ...
• Machine Learning: Come One, Come All.
 What are the types of visualization?
The 15 Most Common Types of Data Visualization Formats
•Column Chart
•Bar Graph
•Stacked Bar Graph
•Stacked Column Chart
•Area Chart
•Dual Axis Chart
•Line Graph
•Mekko Chart
•Pie Chart
•Waterfall Chart
•Bubble Chart
•Scatter Plot Chart
•Bullet Graph
•Funnel Chart
•Heat Map
Author Stephen Few described eight types of quantitative messages
that users may attempt to understand or communicate from a set of
data and the associated graphs used to help communicate the
message:

•Time series: unemployment rate over a 10-year period. Ex: line

chart
•Ranking: Categorical subdivisions are ranked in ascending or
descending order, such as a ranking of sales performance: ex:
bar chart
•Part-to-whole: Categorical subdivisions are measured as a
ratio to the whole (i.e., a percentage out of 100%). Ex: pie
chart / bar chart
•Deviation: Categorical subdivisions are compared against a
reference, such as a comparison of actual vs. ex: budget , bar
chart
 Cont…
• Frequency distribution: Shows the number of
observations of a particular variable for given intervals.
Stock market ex: histogram
• Correlation: Comparison between observations
represented by two variables. ex: scatter plot
• Geographic or geospatial: Comparison of a variable
across a map or layout, such as the unemployment
rate by state or the number of persons on the various
floors of a building.
• Nominal comparison: Comparing categorical
subdivisions in no particular order, such as the sales
volume by product code. Ex: A bar chart
 Terminology….
Data visualization involves specific terminology, some of which is derived
from statistics. For example, author Stephen Few defines two types of
data, which are used in combination to support a meaningful analysis or
visualization:

Categorical: Text labels describing the nature of the data, such as

"Name" or "Age". This term also covers qualitative (non-numerical) data.

Quantitative: Numerical measures, such as "25" to represent the age in

years.
 Two primary types of information
displays are tables and graphs.
• A table contains quantitative data organized into
rows and columns with categorical labels.
• The table might have categorical column labels
representing the name (a qualitative variable)
and age (a quantitative variable)
• A graph is primarily used to show relationships
among data and portrays values encoded
as visual objects.
• e.g., lines, bars, or points.
• Many graphs are also referred to as charts
 CASE STUDIES
• Data Visualization for Social Media Data
• Data Visualization – Banking Case Study
• Measuring the Success of a Patient Safety
or Quality
• Geographic Visualizations
– Spies in the Skies
– Two Centuries of U.S. Immigration
– Uber: Crafting Data-Driven Maps
 Banking Case Study Example – Risk
Management
• Assume you are the chief risk officer (CRO) for
CyndiCat bank that has disbursed 60816 auto loans
in the quarter between April–June 2012.
• Today, about a year and a quarter since the loans
disbursal, you know that the loans have seasoned
or bad loans are tagged to a greater certainty.
• You have noticed a bad rate of around 2.5% or
1524 bad loans out of total 60816 disbursed loans.
 CASE STUDIES …
• Demographic Comparisons
– Young Voters, Class and Turnout: How Britain
Voted in 2017
– U.S. Migration Patterns
– How People Like You Spend Their Time
– Britain’s Diet In Data
– Selfie City
• Visualizing Urban Data for Social Change
• Dust in the Wind: Visualization and
Environmental Problems
• Global Carbon Emissions
• Understanding Plastic pollution using
visualization
• Linguistic Concepts
– State of the Union 2014 Minute by Minute on
Twitter
• Political Relationships
– Who is Fighting Whom in Syria