Open CORD Project

Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential

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MOBILE NETWORK CONFIGURATION  WIRELESS NETWORK

*POP : Point of Presence

*MPLS : MultiProtocol Label Switching
*ROADM : Reconfigurable Optic add-drop multiplexer

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END-TO-END IPTV NETWORK ARCHITECTURE  WIRED NETWORK
 IPTV and Cable TV’s Physical Requirements
• HD-SDI, Satellite transmission, Local SAN and HW transcoder
• Content Head-end, Managed network, Broadcast operation, Platform & Middleware, DSLAM Multicast, CDN & Distribution, STB

1 PP 2 CDN 3 H/E 4 Backbone 5 Access NW 6 In house

Modem
HFC
베이스밴드

PP
CDN
Multicast
QAM OTR ONU
SKT IPTV Network
Backbone AR
L2/L3 Switch STB
방송국 Encoder
FTTx
L2
L3
CAS L2

PIM-SSM IGMPv2

*PIM-SSM : Protocol
Independent Multicast-
Source-Specific Multicast
*IGMP : Internet Group
Management Protocol

3
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WHAT IS 5G NEW RADIO(NR)

5G Aim of NR

 Enhanced Mobile
BroadBand(eMBB)

 Ultra-Reliability and Lower

Latency
Communication(URLLC)

 Massive Internet of Things

(mIoT)/Machine Type
Communication(mMTC)

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 5G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE BY KT 1

Evolutionary Direction
Core Cloud
 4G LTE : Different RANs (2G/3G/4G/non-3GPP)
integrated into 4G LTE Core network.

5G NR : Software-centric Architecture 

Different RAT, RAN, and core to be implemented
as software on commercial servers Edge Cloud
 5G access network to unify wireline and
mobile access
 5G RAN: Re-designing of C-RAN and
Fronthaul
 Distributing 5G core close to cell sites: More
core nodes in the edge
Meaning :
 Using SDN/NFV and open source SW/HW 
Comm. Infra becomes IT  The 5G
ecosystem extends to ICT
 That’s why Telco is trying to be Platform
Provider, Media Provider, Solution Provider
like Google, Apple, Amazon, Facebook
Source : http://www.netmanias.com/en/?m=view&id=blog&no=8256
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5G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE BY KT 2

Core Cloud

Edge Cloud

 5G era envisioned by KT - Core nodes (user plane) distributed

to tens of edge nodes nationwide

6
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SDN/NFV – KEY TO NETWORK EVOLUTION

Open Flow

7
Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
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NETWORK OPERATOR PERSPECTIVES ON NFV PRIORITIES FOR 5G

 Network operators believe NFV is a key technology enabler for 5G.

 While what “5G” exactly means is still to be defined, the evolved 5G network will be characterized by agile
resilient converged fixed/mobile networks based on NFV and SDN technologies and capable of supporting
network functions and applications encompassing different domains, including serving remote areas and inside buildings.
 This requires integration with existing network systems, efficiently extending the network and backhaul support and
implementing end-to-end service management.
 The breadth of foreseen 5G use cases and environments implies high scalability, ultra-low latency, ability to
support a massive number of concurrent sessions and ultra-high reliability and security, while each 5G use
case has significantly different characteristics and combinations of these requirements.
 To achieve these goals, NFV Key Features for 5G should be taken into account in the context of virtualization.
 Network Slicing
 Cloud-native Network Functions
 End-to-end Service management
 Edge Computing
 RAN Cloudification
 Multi-site/domain Services
 NFV License Management
 Security, Reliability, and Scalability

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ONF AND ETSI COLLABORATION FOR SDN + NFV

https://www.opennetworking.org/ http://www.etsi.org/

Standard
- ETSI VNF ISG work Programme
OpenFlow Specifications 
https://www.opennetworki - ETSI MEC ISG work Programme
ng.org/software-defined-sta
ndards/specifications/ http://onosproje http://openco
ct.org/ rd.org/

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CORD (CENTRAL OFFICE RE-ARCHITECTED AS A DATA CENTER) : HTTP://OPENCORD.ORG/ABOUT/

CORD is a Platform that combines SDN, NFV, and Cloud to deliver to Service Providers
*A-CDRD
 Type of CORD R-CORD E-CORD M-CORD

 Mobile CORD : A New Future in

Networking with Mobile Edge Mashing up
SDN & NFV
 Domain Service : vBBU, vSGW, vPGW,..

 Enterprise CORD : Enterprise WAN

connectivity and innovative carrier grade
services
 Domain Service : vCE, vOAM, vFirewall

 Residential CORD : Add application

and equipment that supports : Mobility
Metro Ethernet, Transport GPON
ROADM
 Domain Service : vOLT, vSG, vRouter,…

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WHAT IS A TELCO CENTRAL OFFICE (CO)

 CO is a service provider’s “gateway” to

its customers

 One CO may support

 10K+ residential subscribers
 10+ mobile subscribers
 1K+ enterprise customers
 CO provides a great vantage point for
service providers

 Enables new services

Does Amazon’s purchase of Whole Foods redefine “Edge Computing”?


https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/does-amazons-purchase-whole-foods-redefine-edge-computing-dean-bubley

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WHY CORD? (CARRIER MOTIVATIONS)
• Simplifying Infrastructure • Automating Service Provisioning

• Improving the Pace of Innovation • Enabling New Types of Services

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 Residential CORD

13
Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
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 R-CORD
Add applications and equipment that supports : Mobility, Metro Eth, Transport [CORD Software Architecture]

[Legacy broadband access architecture using GPON]

CORD Goal : Using Open H/W(White BoX SDN Switch, X86

Commercial server, Open OLT Blade, Open ROADM Blade) and Open
S/W(ONOS, OpenStack, XOS);
• Leave the dependency of network equipment vendors such as
Cisco / Alcatel  Minimize CAPEX,
• Apply SDN and NFV  Minimize OPEX,
• Gain the agility of introducing new services like cloud service
providers like Google, Facebook, and Amazon.

[Mapping all the legacy elements into CORD]

14
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HOW?
 Two step of CORD
1. To disaggregate and virtualize the devices, turn each purpose-built hardware device into its software counterpart
running on commodity hardware
2. To provide a framework into which the resulting disaggregated elements can be plugged

15
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VIRUALIZING EXAMPLE 1 : OLT(VOLT)

• Unifying abstraction that forge this collection of HW and SW elements into a scalable and agile system.

[OLT Disaggregation]
Chassis type Disassembled

Server

OLT S/W
Separation
Server
Control B/D

Switching B/D
Switch

Directly connected
to TOR at 40Gbps Line Card Blade

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VIRUALIZING EXAMPLE 2 : SUBSCRIBER L3 CPE VIRTUALIZATION

2. Move CPE S/W(vCPE) to NFVI in CO

1. Disaggregation
CPE Function (S/W):

Subscriber Home

X86 Server

* NFV Infrastructure(NFVI) : is a key component of the NFV architecture that

describes the H/W and S/W components on which virtual networks are built.

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VIRTUALIZING EXAMPLE 3 : BNG AND ETH. AGG. SWITCH

 BNG (Broadband Network Gateway) Virtualization

 Fabric switches
 Subscriber management NFVs
 SDN control and agent SW
 Routing NFV
 Servers  Eth. Aggregation Switch Virtualization

Swiching
Fabic

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AT&T’S CORD RESIDENTIAL POC (JUNE 2015)

[Current Giga Internet Network Configuration of AT&T] [Residential CORD with Open S/W and Open H/W]

Open H/W
Control

ETH AGG

Disassembly of access network

equipment and Application of SDN, NFV
19

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Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
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WORK FLOW FOR CPE (RE)BOOTS

CPE (re)boots

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Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
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WORK FLOW FOR SPINNING UP A VSG

Authentication has been

successful. A vSG is now
needed
VTN

vSG

21
Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
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 DATAPLANE CONFIGURATION
I/O Fabric Server
* VTN : Virtual Tenant Network
 OLT double tags packets from
ONOS (SDN Controller) customer
 C-tag identifies the customer
 S-tag identifies the OLT the
customer is connect to
 OLT also meters customer
connections
 OLT maintains group
information to handle multicast
Dataplane Configuration
traffic

vCPE VLAN Tag in order to carry Ethernet precedence bits

Subscr. Outer tag(S-tag) identifies the OLT device (OLT-
MAC). S-tag is bound to the VM
Inner tag (C-tag) identifies the specific subscriber
within the OLT they are attached to. C-tag is bound
to the a container.

22
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BEYOND THE VSG

 Traffic delivered to the vSG is NAT’ed

 It can then either go straight to the vRouter; or
 It can be passed through a service chain and
then to the vRouter
Service Composition
(ex. vCDN)

23
Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
information – do not distribute, copy or reproduce
PUT IN ALL TOGETHER (AT&T RESIDENTIAL CORD PACKET FLOW)

Dataplane Configuration

24
Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
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ACCESS HARDWARE – CPE AND AT&T GPON OLT

• CPE • AT&T GPON OLT

• Simple commodity NetGear device • One rack unit GPON OLT MAC
• Flashed with OpenWrt • 48 PON ports(arranged as 12 OLT chips)
• Runs OVS as dataplane switch • 6x40Gbps Ethernet ports
• OpenFlow capable • Arranged as three primary and three
• Runs 802.1X authentication secondary
• Several design options available here • NetConf to configure power settings, fan
• OpenFlow enabled? speed, etc.
• Run a DHCP server? • OpenFlow(OF) Controllable
• Should make use of IPv6? • via external OF agent
• External software bootstraps firmware

25
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SOFTWARE AND SOFTWARE STACK

• Software - Microsemi vOLT

• Runs as an external entity
• Either in a VM or container
• Exposes an OpenFlow
• Manages OLT via an L2 protocol
• Contains OMCI messages to provision ONTs
• Ability to punt IGMP and 802.1X packets to controller

•Software Stack
• XOS orchestrates both ONOS and Openstack/Docker
• Openstack is used to spawn VMs while docker provides
containers
• ONOS (via neutron) creates virtual networks and connects
them together to achieve service composition

26
Greenwave Systems proprietary and confidential
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WHAT ABOUT MULTICAST TRAFFIC?

PIM

Multicast Feed

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USE CASE STUDY : CLOUD FILE SYSTEM AND SMARTPHONE VIRTUALIZATION TECHNOLOGY
Apply cloud file system technology to device by using file system virtualization and mobile optimized protocol
To secure mass storage, to cloudy communications/media technology, and to extend app & service to server base.

Common
Area

/mnt/secure/asec/
/mnt/secure/package_name/ Control Info.
/mnt/cloud_storage/ Display Info.

Private Sensor Info.

Area
Device Info.
Encryption

send

Source : LGU+ 5G White Paper – 7.4.1 Cloud Technology

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OPEN ISSUE : WHERE IS AXON IN THE OPEN NETWORKING ECOSYSTEM?
Open Source vs. Commercial Solutions

Positioning??

AXON

Cooperation
for home
networking?

29
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