The First Voyage Around

the World

Antonio Pigafetta

Course Developers
Percival S. Gabriel
Rhinalou Cervantes- Salamat

Image captured from The Filipino Heritage , Alfredo Roces Ed.

 The Greek’s Concept of
a flat earth according to
Homer. Humans are on
top of the flat cookie,
above are the gods and
down below is hades.
No one should sail
outside the waters
surrounding the cookie
or you might fall on the
edge of the earth.

Image: http://mleddy.blogspot.com/2008/06/homers-world.html
1415 – Prince the navigator, Portuguese ships
captured Ceuta, freed Christian slaves and
found gold was not coming from Arab-India
route but across Sahara.

1420- Captured Mediera Island

1432 – Azores

1434 – Cape Bojador

1445 – Cape Verde

1456 – Cape Verde Island Image: https://acoret.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/homer-world.gif

1462 – Sierra Leone

1484 – Christopher Columbus submitted
1471 – Gold Coast a proposal to King John II of Portugal,
claiming he could reach India (4,000 km)
1474 – SaoTome Island via west. His advisers knew it was 16,000
km away.
 Paolo del Pozzo Toscanelli’s
(Florentine physician) map

Columbus argued:

Image: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Columbus
Whereas s Eratosthenes measured it
at 5,040 stadia or 39,620 km. The
The circumference of the earth is 30,200 km. actual measure is 40,000 km.

The distance between Canary Islands and Whereas the correct distance is 19,600
Japan was 3,000 Italian miles (3,700 km or km or 12,200 miles. King John’s adviser
2,300 statute miles. knew it was 16,000 km.

King John rejected his plan.

 Columbus’s map 1490

Image: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Columbus

In 1488 he sought another audience with King John but Bartolomeu Diaz had
rounded the Cape of Good Hope. The more that King John was not persuaded of
his plan .

In 1486 he went to Spain to propose his plan to King Ferdinand and Queen
Isabel la which she referred to a committee of savants but they said he
overestimated his calculations.
1415 – Prince the navigator, Portuguese ships
captured Ceuta, freed Christian slaves and
found gold was not coming from Arab-India
route but across Sahara.

1420- Captured Mediera Island

1432 – Azores

1434 – Cape Bojador

1445 – Cape Verde

1456 – Cape Verde Island

1462 – Sierra Leone

1484 – Christopher Columbus submitted
a proposal to King John II of Portugal,
1471 – Gold Coast claiming he could reach India (4,000 km)
via west. His advisers knew it was 16,000
1474 – SaoTome Island km away.
 Fernando Magallanes
•born to a noble family sometime
in 1480.
•enlisted himself in the service of
the Portuguese navy and
participated in several expeditions
in Asia in 1505 at the age of 25 in
Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan
order to locate the spice island
• was wounded in 1506.
Fernando Magallanes
•In 1509, he sailed to Malacca
with his friend and cousin
Francisco Serrăo (Serrano) but
was conspired against by the
natives
• took refuge in an island in
between Paragua (Palawan) and
Zulu (Sulu) now known as Turtle
Islands.
Fernando Magallanes
•Francisco, on the other hand,
prior to his voyage in Molucas,
landed in Mindanao, thus the
Portuguese were the first
Europeans to have reached the
islands prior to 1521.
•In 1511Magellan participated in
the battle and later conquest of
Malacca.
Fernando Magallanes
•He stayed in Molucas. From this
time, Magellan was promoted
captain and took a baptized Malay
by the name of Enrique (Henrich)
de Malaca.
•In 1512 Magellan and Francisco
parted ways. Francisco went on to
participate in the conquest of
Molucas which was claimed as a
colony under the name of the King
of Portugal.
Map of Molucas

Images captured from The Filipino Heritage , Alfredo Roces Ed.

1548 map of Molucas and Asia
Image captured from The Filipino Heritage , Alfredo Roces Ed.
Map of Molucas and Mindanao
Image captured from The Filipino Heritage , Alfredo Roces Ed.
Fernando Magallanes
•Magellan and Enrique, on the
other hand, went back to Lisbon
the capital of Portugal.
•He took a leave and participated
in several battles with the Moors
where he was accused of aiding
the Muslims.
Fernando Magallanes
•He was reinstated in 1514 with a
new sailing employment in 1515
but he rejected the offer.
•In 1517, he had an audience with
King Manuel I to propose his plan
to reach Molucas which was their
colony, not by sailing eastward
which was within their territory
beyond the Tordesillas line.
Fernando Magallanes
•King Manuel denied the approval
of Magellan’s plan in 1517.
•He renounced his Portuguese
citizenship and went to Seville,
Spain where he renewed ties with
a family friend , a Portuguese by
birth Diogo Barbosa (Diego
Barboza).
Fernando Magallanes
•He became a friend a sailing
companion to his son Duarte and
married his daughter to his second
wife, Maria Caldera Beatriz
Barbosa. They eventually had two
sons Rodrigo and Carlos who died
in infancy.
Fernando Magallanes
•A year after his stay in Seville,
1518, he contacted Juan de
Aranda, agent (in some
translation, chief) of Casa de
Contratacion.
•With the arrival of his partner Rui
Faleiro, and with the help of de
Aranda, Magellan was able to
present his plan to King Charles I
which readily approved of his
plan.
Fernando Magallanes
•Through the help of Archbishop
Juan Rodriguez de Fonseca, some
investments from a merchant-
businessman, Christopher de Haro
who provided a barter of the rest
of the funds.
 Table 4.1 Summary of Magellan’s Expedition Cost
Items Cost in
Maravedis
Five ships, with rigging, artillery, and arms, cost 3,912,241
Five ships, of 445 tons, five more or less, which makes each ton come
to a cost of 8,791½ maravedis.
Various necessaries 415,060
Provisions, biscuit, wine, oil, fish, meat, cheese, vegetables, and
1,585,551
barrels
Four months pay for 237 persons 1,154,504
Merchandise 1,679,769
Total 8,751,125
Source: (Cost of Magellan’s Fleet, From Navarette, Document No. XVII, Pigafetta 1923)
 Table 4.2 Ships of Magellan’s Fleet

Vessel Tonnage Crew Captains

Trinidad 110 55 Ferdinand Magellan

(Flagship)
San Antonio 120 60 Juan de Cartagena

Concepcion 90 45 Gaspar de Quesada

Santiago 75 32 Joăo Serrăo

Victoria 85 43 Luis Mendoza

Source: “Ferdinand Magellan” (2017)
Antonio Pigafetta
•By 1518 to 1519, Seville had
been buzzing with the news of
the expedition and this attracted
different nationalities from
France, Germany, Greece up to
Galicia a province of Turkey to
sign in for crew recruitment.
Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Pigafetta
Antonio Pigafetta
•By this time a Venetian, came to
Madrid. Born in 1491 and
probably about 24 years old,
Antonio Pigafetta, came to
Madrid to accompany the papal
nuncio (ambassador) Fr.
Francesco Chieregati to Spain in
order to have with King Charles.
Antonio Pigafetta
•Pigafetta was born to a noble
family in the province of Vicenza,
Venice and a member of the
Order of St. John of Jerusalem , a
group of knights stationed in the
Island of Rhodes in the
Mediterranean, who were
fighting the Muslim Turks.
Antonio Pigafetta
•He heard of the expedition and
decided to stay in Spain to sign up
with Magellan for the voyage. He
was recruited with a salary of
1,000 maravedis as a
supernumerary, a member of the
crew with no specific job.
•August 10, 1519, the five ships
descended on the river to San
Lucar de Barrameda
•They were moored for about a
month waiting for the right wind
of the summer to blow them
west.
•On September 20, 1519, the
church bells of San Lucar rang
wildly as a send off to the five
ships.
Image: http://coursesa.matrix.msu.edu/~fisher/HST140_2008/MapMagellan.html