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CLAUSES (Linguistics)

This document defines and provides examples of different types of clauses, including independent clauses, subordinate clauses, adjective clauses, adverb clauses, and noun clauses. It explains that clauses contain a subject and verb, while phrases do not. Independent clauses can stand alone as a complete sentence, while subordinate clauses cannot. The document also discusses the use of commas with essential and nonessential clauses.

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31 views16 pages

CLAUSES (Linguistics)

This document defines and provides examples of different types of clauses, including independent clauses, subordinate clauses, adjective clauses, adverb clauses, and noun clauses. It explains that clauses contain a subject and verb, while phrases do not. Independent clauses can stand alone as a complete sentence, while subordinate clauses cannot. The document also discusses the use of commas with essential and nonessential clauses.

Uploaded by

Marites Yabut Canilao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Clauses

Identifying adjective,
adverb, and noun
clauses in a sentence.
PHRASE VS.
CLAUSE
• A clause is a group of related words
containing a subject and a verb.

• It is different from a phrase in that a


phrase does not include a subject
and a verb relationship.
IndEPEndEnt
 A CLAUSES
clause that can stand by itself and still
make sense.
 It can be its OWN sentence, or be
part of a larger one:
 Jerry wants to be the quarterback
this week. (simple sentence)
 Jerry wants to be the quarterback
this week, but Jimmy thinks he
will be. (compound sentence)
IndEPEndEnt
• ByCLAUSES
a comma and little conjunction (a nd,
but, or, nor, for, yet, and sometimes so).
• By a semicolon, by itself.
• By a semicolon accompanied by a
conjunctive adverb (s uch as however,
moreover, nevertheles s , as a result,
consequently, etc.).
 And, of course, independent clauses are often
not connected by punctuation at all but are
separated by a period.
SUboRdInAtE
• CLAUSES
A clause that cannot stand by itself.
• It depends on something else, an
independent clause, for its meaning.
• A subordinate clause trying to stand by
itself would be a
sentence fragment.
• Subordinate clauses are sometimes
called dependent clauses.
SUboRdInAtE
CLAUSES
 Examples:
 While the kangaroo crossed the
road, the tourists stayed inside
their cars.
 The man who is coaching that
team
is my father.
 What the team needs now is
a championship!
 Subordinate clauses can act as
USIng CommAS wItH
CLAUSES
TWO TYPES ~~~ Essential vs.
Nonessential
 Essential = necessary, no commas
 Nonessential = extra info, use
commas
 Every player who hits a home run
receives a trophy. (Essential, no
commas)
 The players, who vary in age from
eight to twelve, wear blue
AdjECtIVE
CLAUSE
 Subordinate clause
 Modifies a noun or
pronoun
 Begins with a relative
pronoun
RELAtIVE
 PRonoUnS
Who/whoever
 Whom/whomever
 whose
 which
 What/whatever
 that
 where and when (s ometimes )
AdjECtIVE CLAUSE
ExAmPLES
 Men who are in the cooking
contest should know how to
make chili.
 Biology is the course that my
uncle teaches.

Watch Out ~~ for the unders tood


“that”!
AdVERb
CLAUSES
 Subordinate clause
 Modifies a verb, adverb or
adjective
 Tells:
 how, when, where, why, to
what extent and under what
condition.
 Introduced by a subordinating
conjunction
SUboRdInAtIng ConjUnCtIonS

after as though since when


although because so that whenever
as before than where
as if even though wherever
though
as long as if whether unless

as soon as in order that until while

** There is also a list in your


packet.
AdVERb CLAUSE
ExAmPLES
Because it was raining, we
came inside. (Intro. Adverb
Clause
- IAC)

We went to the football game


after we ate dinner. (Regular
Order Adverb Clause-ROAC)
noUn
 A noun clause is a
CLAUSES
subordinate clause that fu
nctions as a noun.

 It can do anything a noun


can do:
 Subject, Predicate
Nominative, Direct Object,
noUn
CLAUSES
 Words that introduce noun clauses are:
 How, if, that, what, whatever, when,
where, whether, which, who, whoever,
whom, whomever, whose, why
 Examples:
 The big question is whether he’ll finish
the marathon.
 Everyone knows that Tim runs
at least a mile every day.
don’t f o R g E t tHE PoSItIon
RULES!
If the clause begins the sentence=
Adverb or Noun
If the clause follows a noun=
usually Adjective
If the clause follows the verb=
Adverb or Noun

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