In t e gr a te d

Manag e m e n t of
C h il dh o o d
GROUP 1
Illness
 MEMBERS
AGUISANDA, GENEVA
BARRIOS, MARITONI
AMURAO, LINDZY
BENDIJO, HONNEY
ANTIPORDA, ALEX
GERE, GILLIANNE
AVANO, MARJORIE
 GUIDE QUESTIONS
01 Who is your patient? What are
your assessment findings for
03 Using the IMCI protocol
how would you deal with
your patient (please adhere to your patient? What will
IMCI protocol for your be the things that you
assessment). will be doing?

02 What would be your

diagnosis for your patient? 04 What would be your
teaching strategy? Who
will you teach? Make a
teaching material / video
for your clients.
 Who is your patient? What

01
are your assessment
findings for your patient
(please adhere to IMCI
protocol for your
assessment).
 Assessment
Name: Janssen Ghon Tongco
Sex: Male Age: 2 years old
Weight: 6.5 kilograms
Temperature: 36.5 °C
General Danger Signs: coughing and difficulty of breathing
Child’s problem:
- Severe Pneumonia
- Possible Tuberculosis
- Malnutrition
-Chest indrawing/Retraction due to difficulty
of breathing
-Financial Problems
 Assessment
Name: Janssen Ghon Tongco
Sex: Male Age: 2 years old
Weight: 6.5 kilograms
Temperature: 36.5 °C
General Danger Signs: coughing and difficulty of breathing
Child’s problem:
- Severe Pneumonia
- Possible Tuberculosis
- Malnutrition
-Chest indrawing/Retraction due to difficulty
of breathing
 Assessment
Name: Janssen Ghon Tongco
Sex: Male Age: 2 years old
Weight: 6.5 kilograms
Temperature: 36.5 °C
General Danger Signs: coughing and difficulty of breathing
Child’s problem:
- Severe Pneumonia
- Possible Tuberculosis
- Malnutrition
-Chest indrawing/Retraction due to difficulty
of breathing
 Assessment
Name: Janssen Ghon Tongco
Sex: Male Age: 2 years old
Weight: 6.5 kilograms
Temperature: 36.5 °C
General Danger Signs: coughing and difficulty of breathing
Child’s problem:
- Severe Pneumonia
- Possible Tuberculosis
- Malnutrition
-Chest indrawing/Retraction due to difficulty
of breathing
 Assessment
Name: Janssen Ghon Tongco
Sex: Male Age: 2 years old
Weight: 6.5 kilograms
Temperature: 36.5 °C
General Danger Signs: coughing and difficulty of breathing
Child’s problem:
- Severe Pneumonia
- Possible Tuberculosis
- Malnutrition
-Chest indrawing/Retraction due to difficulty
of breathing
 What  would  be 

02
your  diagnosis  for 
your  patient?
Properly justify using
available objective
assessment findings:
Diagnosis
Severe Respiratory Distress
Nursing Diagnosis
Impaired gas exchange related to inflammation
of airways and alveoli as evidenced by dyspnea, chest
retraction, and abnormal breath sounds
Objective Assessment Findings 
Severe Pneumonia
Possible Tuberculosis
Severe Malnutrition
Shortness of breath
Chest indrawing/Retraction due to difficulty of
breathing
In relation to the patient’s health situation, our
formulated diagnosis is more focused on restoration of
the lungs. Providing proper interventions such as:
administering oxygen therapy, position of comfort,
relaxation techniques, respirations and monitoring
patient’s vital signs will help the patient to become
dependent. The airway, breathing, and circulation are all
critical in life and all of them are essential. We must give
proper oxygen to the lungs by means of a clear airway
to meet the right restoration and circulation to the body.
 Using the IMCI

03
protocol how would
you deal with your
patient? What will be
the things that you
will be doing?
 Using the IMCI protocol how would you deal with your patient?

The goal of the IMCI protocol is to reduce mortality and morbidity

associated with primary causes of childhood illnesses, as well as
to contribute to children's healthy growth and development. All of
these diseases such as pneumonia, diarrhea, dengue
hemorrhagic fever, malaria, measles, and malnutrition which
account for more than 70% of fatalities among children under the
age of five are preventable and might have been avoided if
monitored and treated early. There are practical and successful
approaches for health workers in health centers to manage sick
children utilizing the IMCI protocol. As a result, efficient case
management must take into account all symptom
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS IDENTIFY TREATMENT
• Any general danger sign • Give the first dose of an
appropriate antibiotic.
• Chest indrawing or stridor in calm SEVERE PNEUMONIA
child • Refer urgently to the hospital

• Possible tuberculosis

• Visible severe wasting or severe • Give Vitamin A

palmar pallor
SEVERE MALNUTRITION • Refer to a laboratory to do some
• Determine weight for age tests.

• Refer urgently to the hospital.

There are programs that offer

government allotment of funds, and
INABILITY TO USE FAMILY training to help people searching for
• Financial problem RESOURCES money that will give them financial
relief.
 Treatment and Counselling
TREAT THE CHILD

SEVERE PNEUMONIA

• Needs urgent referral to a hospital

• Give oxygen, a bronchodilator, or injectable antibiotics
• Before the child leaves, give first dose of an appropriate antibiotics
• Check the mother’s understanding before they leave the hospital.
 

SEVERE MALNUTRITION

• Severe acute malnutrition needs to be treated with specialized therapeutic diets (F75 and F100 formula; RUTF)
alongside the diagnosis and management of complications during in-patient care.
• Do the laboratory test – blood glucose, examination of blood smear, Hemoglobin or packed-cell, examination and
culture of urine, examination of faeces, chest X-ray, skin test for tuberculosis
• Follow up care: Urgently

FINANCIAL PROBLEM

• Look up for someone that you truly trust and ask for advice about financial problems for them to be able to help
you establish a plan for your child or family. Estimate your budget for the family health maintenance and cut the
unnecessary expenses.
 Treatment and Counselling
COUNSEL THE MOTHER ABOUT PNEUMONIA
During
• Advise the mother that her child needs urgent referral to a hospital for treatments such as oxygen, a bronchodilator, or injectable antibiotics

• Before the child leaves, give the first dose of an appropriate antibiotic.

• Advise the mother that her child needs a Plenty of rest.

• Advise the mother to give their child plenty of fluids to drink, such as water.

After

• Advise mothers to keep vaccinations up-to-date. All children, starting at 2 months, should begin a series of vaccines that prevents the
bacterial type of pneumonia.
• Advise mothers to teach their children to cover their noses and mouths with facial tissue or a sleeve of their shirt when sneezing or Throw
away tissues after use.
• Advise mothers to Teach and practice their children a good hand washing.
• Advise the mother to Wash surfaces that are touched often (like toys, tables and doorknobs) with soap and water or wipe them down with a
disinfectant.
• Keep the home smoke free.
 Treatment and Counselling
COUNSEL THE MOTHER ABOUT LOW WEIGHT/MALNUTRITION
FEEDING COUNSELLING
• Assess Child's Appetite
EXPLAIN TO THE MOTHER:
• The purpose of assessing the child's appetite.
• What is ready to use therapeutic food (RUTF).

IF THE CHILD IS NOT FEEDING WELL DURING ILLNESS, COUNSEL THE MOTHER TO:
• Breastfeed more frequently and for longer if possible. Use soft, varied, appetizing, favorite foods to encourage the
child to eat as much as possible, and offer frequent small feeds. Clear a blocked nose if it interferes with feeding.
DEMONSTRATE HOW TO GIVE RUTF:
• Wash hands before giving the RUTF.
• Sit with the child on the lap and gently offer the child RUTF to eat.
• Encourage the child to eat the RUTF without feeding by force.
• Offer plenty of clean water to drink from a cup when the child is eating the RUTF.
 Treatment and Counselling
COUNSEL THE MOTHER TO;
• Give a variety of family foods to your child, including animal source foods and vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables.
• Give at least 1 full cup (250 ml) at each meal.
• Give 3 to 4 meals each day.
• Offer 1 or 2 snacks between meals.
• If your child refuses a new food, offer "tastes" several times.
• Show that you like the food.
• Be patient.
• Talk with your child during a meal, and keep eye contact

Advise the mother to monitor her child’s weight

Counsel the mother about her own health
Advise the mother when to return for follow up care and when to return immediately
 Treatment and Counselling
COUNSEL THE MOTHER ABOUT FINANCIAL PROBLEM

• Instruct the mother for the free funds from the government and health care activities in her

location.
 What would be your

04
teaching strategy?
Who will you teach?
Make a teaching
material / video for
your clients.
 HEALTH TEACHING PLAN
Purpose: To Inform your family about pneumonia and malnutrition and how to

avoid the additional complications.

Goal: To provide adequate knowledge to families about pneumonia and

malnutrition so they can apply solutions to these problems and avoid possible

complications.

Who will we teach: The Parents 

 OBJECTIVES
• Define malnutrition 

• Discuss the signs of symptoms of malnutrition 

• Define pneumonia 

• Discuss the signs and symptoms of pneumonia 

• Possible complications of pneumonia in a child

• Discuss the diagnostic tests

• Provide information on how to avoid malnutrition and pneumonia 

 CONTENT OUTLINE
What is malnutrition  
- Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in a person’s intake of energy and/or nutrients. 

Signs and symptoms of malnutrition 

           - Not growing or putting on weight at the expected rate (faltering growth)
          - Changes in behavior, such as being unusually irritable, slow or anxious
           - Low energy levels and tiring more easily than other children
           - Lack of interest in food and drink
          - Low mood or depression
- Getting ill often and taking a long time to recover

What is pneumonia 
            - Pneumonia is an infection that inflames your lungs' air sacs. The air sacs may fill up with fluid or pus, causing
symptoms such as a cough, fever, chills and trouble breathing.

The signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include

- Cough which may produce greenish, yellow or even bloody mucus
- Fever, sweating and shaking chills
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid, shallow breathing
- Sharp or stabbing chest pain that gets worse when you breathe deeply or cough
- Loss of appetite, low energy, and fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting, especially in small children
 CONTENT OUTLINE
What are possible complications of pneumonia in a child?
Pneumonia can be a life-threatening illness. It may have these complications:
• Severe breathing problems
• Bacteria that enters the blood
Discuss the diagnostic tests:
If the  physician suspected u with a pneumonia, your physician will ask for the following tests:
Blood tests
• Blood tests are used to confirm an infection and to try to identify the type of organism causing the infection. However,
precise identification isn't always possible.
Chest X-ray
• This helps your doctor diagnose pneumonia and determine the extent and location of the infection. However, it can't tell
your doctor what kind of germ is causing the pneumonia.
Pulse oximetry
• This measures the oxygen level in your blood. Pneumonia can prevent your lungs from moving enough oxygen into your
bloodstream.
Sputum test
• A sample of fluid from your lungs (sputum) is taken after a deep cough and analyzed to help pinpoint the cause of the
infection.
CT scan
• If your pneumonia isn't clearing as quickly as expected, your doctor may recommend a chest CT scan to obtain a more
detailed image of your lungs.
Pleural fluid culture
• A fluid sample is taken by putting a needle between your ribs from the pleural area and analyzed to help determine the
type of infection.
 CONTENT OUTLINE
PROVIDE INFORMATION ON HOW TO AVOID MALNUTRITION AND PNEUMONIA
Malnutrition 
• Prepare healthy meals and exercise good hand hygiene at home. Sanitize utensils,
drinking glasses and cookware to avoid food contamination. Discourage your children
from consuming sweets and other processed foods which provide little to no nutritional
value to their diets; you should add these healthy and affordable ingredients to your
daily meals instead:
Sweet potatoes
Leafy vegetables
Milk
Apples
Bananas
Carrots
Citrus fruits
Fish
• Promote daily exercise and physical activities in your household to boost your child’s
immune system.
 CONTENT OUTLINE
PROVIDE INFORMATION ON HOW TO AVOID MALNUTRITION AND PNEUMONIA

Pneumonia 
• Keep vaccinations up-to-date. All children, starting at 2 months, should begin a
series of vaccines that prevents the bacterial type of pneumonia.
• All children 6 months of age or older should get a flu vaccine yearly even if
they have an egg allergy.
• Teach children to cover their noses and mouths with facial tissue or a sleeve of
their shirt when sneezing or Throw away tissues after use.
• Teach and practice good hand washing 
• Wash surfaces that are touched often (like toys, tables and doorknobs) with
soap and water or wipe them down with a disinfectant.
• Keep the home smoke free.
TIME ALLOTTED

4 HOURS
METHODS OF TEACHING AND
MATERIALS
• Lecture

• Discussion

• Textbooks

• Charts
 EVALUATION METHOD

The mother will be answering a survey, question and answer to

evaluate how much she learned and to make sure that the
mother understands all of the discussions. 
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENG!