PSE-801 PROCESS

SYSTEMS THEORY

Dr. Muhammad Ahsan 1

MS
PROCESS SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
(MS-PSE)

School of Chemical & Materials Engineering , National 2

University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad, Pakista
 INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE IN MS DEGREE IN
PROCESS SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (PSE)

World-Wide Established PSE-based Research Groups

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MS PSE COURSEWORK
Sr. No. Course Course Title Credits
No.
  Core Course Theory
1 PSE-801 Process Systems Theory 3
2 PSE-802 Optimization and Decision Analysis 3
3 PSE-823 Advanced Process Dynamics and Control 3
4 PSE-852 Process Modelling and Simulation 3
    Elective Courses  
5 CSE-801 Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) 3
6 MGT-924 Supply Chain Management 3
7 EME-902 Numerical Methods for ChE 3
8 TEE-820 Process Intensification 3
9 TEE-810 Advanced Process Energy Analysis & 3
Optimization
10 EME-921 Momentum Heat and Mass Transfer (MHMT) 3
in Chemical Engg.
11 ENE-809 Waste water treatment & Design 3
12 CHE-847 Chemical Kinetics & Reactor Design 3
13 CHE-814 Product Technology 3
14 ESE-801 Biofuel Engineering 3
15 Thesis Master Thesis Research 6
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SCHEME OF STUDIES: SEMESTER-WISE BREAKDOWN

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PSE-801 Process Systems Theory

Educational Objectives
1. To give the student an understanding of the concepts of design, operation, and optimization of all
kinds of chemical processes through the use of systematic computer-aided approaches.
2. To comprehend the intellectual challenges faced in the development of concepts, methodologies,
and models for the prediction of performance and for decision making for an engineered system.
Course Contents
• Process Systems Design: Explanation of systematic synthesize and design of chemical process
systems. It will cover process synthesis and integration technology that can be applied in order to
improve the economic efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of chemical processing
plants.

• Process and Energy Integration: Process integration and solution strategies for the synthesis of
energy recovery networks in the context of the overall chemical flowsheet are highlighted.

• Optimization and Decision-Making: Technology available to optimize process systems, business

models and operations are taught. State of the art versions of modeling and optimization approaches
in order to understand both the potential and the limitations of available techniques are included.

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Course Outcome

• Students will learn-fundamental understanding of all important dimensions

of Process Systems Engineering Specifically Process Systems Design,
Process and Energy Integration, and Optimization and Decision-Making:

Recommended Reading (including Textbooks and Reference books)

Text Books
Advances in Process Systems Engineering: Volume 3
Recent Advances in Sustainable Process Design and Optimization
Editors: Dominic C Y Foo, Mahmoud M El-Halwagi, Raymond R Tan
Publishers: World Scientific
Year:Jul 2012

Process Systems Engineering, Volume 7

Process Integration
Authors: Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi

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LECTURE 1 - CHEMICAL
PROCESS DIAGRAMS

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OUTLINE
 Flow Diagrams
 Block Flow Diagrams (BFD)
 Process Flow Diagrams (PFD)
 Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&ID)
 Other common diagrams
 3-D plant layout diagrams

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3 LEVELS OF DIAGRAM
 Block Flow Diagram (BFD)
 Process Flow Diagram (PFD)
 Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) –
often referred to as Mechanical Flow Diagram
Complexity Conceptual
increases understanding
increases
As chemical engineers, we are most familiar
with BFD and PFD.

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 THE BLOCK FLOW
DIAGRAM (BFD)
 BFD shows overall processing picture of a
chemical complex
 Flow of raw materials and products may be
included on a BFD
 BFD is a superficial view of facility – Chemical
Engineering information is missing

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 DEFINITIONS OF BFD
 Block Flow Process Diagram
 Figure 1.1
 Similar to sketches in material and energy
balances
 Block Flow Plant Diagram
 Figure 1.2
 Gives a general view of a large complex plant

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 THE BLOCK FLOW PROCESS
DIAGRAM

Toluene and hydrogen are converted in a reactor to produce benzene and

methane. The reaction does not go to completion, and excess toluene is
required. The noncondensable gases are separated and discharged. The
benzene product and the unreacted toluene are then separated by distillation.
The toluene is then recycled back to the reactor and thebenzene removed in 13
the product stream.
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THE BLOCK FLOW PLANT
DIAGRAM

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 This is a complicated process in which there are a number
of alcohol fuel products produced from a feedstock of coal.
 Each block in this diagram represents a complete chemical
process (compressors and turbines are also shown as
trapezoids)
 A block flow process diagram could be drawn for each
block in Figure 1.2.
 The advantage of a diagram such as Figure 1.2 is that it
allows a complete picture of what this plant does and how
all the different processes interact to be obtained.
 On the other hand, in order to keep the diagram relatively
uncluttered, only limited information is available about
each process unit.

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THE PROCESS FLOW
DIAGRAM
 PFD shows all process engineering information
 Diagram developed in junior year design
projects
 Often PFD is drawn on large paper – textbook
breaks down information into 1 diagram and 2
tables

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THE PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
(CONT’D)
 The topology of the process – showing the
connectivity of all the streams and the equipment
 Example for toluene HDA – Figures 1.3 and
1.5
 Tables 1.2 and 1.4 – list information that
should be on the PFD but cannot fit
 Use appropriate conventions – consistency
is important in communication of process
information
ex. Table 1.2

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THE PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (CONT’D)

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 Equipment is represented symbolically by “icons”
that identify specific unit operations.
 Although the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers (ASME) publishes a set of symbols to use
in preparing flowsheets, it is not uncommon for
companies to use in-house symbols.
 A comprehensive set of symbols is also given by
Austin. Whatever set of symbols is used, there is
seldom a problem in identifying the operation
represented by each icon.

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