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Sponification Reaction

The document discusses estimating the activation energy and rate constant of the saponification reaction by varying temperature and agitation rate in a batch reactor. Saponification is the hydrolysis of fats or oils under basic conditions to produce glycerol and fatty acid salts. It is important industrially for determining the amount of free fatty acids present in a material. The kinetics of the saponification reaction of ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide are discussed, noting it is an irreversible second-order reaction that becomes sequential at equimolar concentrations. The rate of chemical reactions depends on temperature through the Arrhenius equation and composition.

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Zainab Khakwani
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18 views5 pages

Sponification Reaction

The document discusses estimating the activation energy and rate constant of the saponification reaction by varying temperature and agitation rate in a batch reactor. Saponification is the hydrolysis of fats or oils under basic conditions to produce glycerol and fatty acid salts. It is important industrially for determining the amount of free fatty acids present in a material. The kinetics of the saponification reaction of ethyl acetate and sodium hydroxide are discussed, noting it is an irreversible second-order reaction that becomes sequential at equimolar concentrations. The rate of chemical reactions depends on temperature through the Arrhenius equation and composition.

Uploaded by

Zainab Khakwani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECTI

VE:
“To estimate activation energy and rate
constant by varying temperature and
agitation rate for the Saponification
reaction in batch reactor”
THEO
RYSaponification reaction can be defined as a hydration reaction
where free hydroxide breaks ester bonds between the fatty acids
and glyceryl of triglycerides.

For Example:
IMPORTANCE OF SAPONIFICATION
REACTION
 The term “Saponification” literally means "soap making". It is the
hydrolysis of fats or oils under basic conditions to get the glycerol
and the salt of the corresponding fatty acid.
 Saponification is important to the industrial user for it helps to
know the amount of free fatty acid that is present in a food
material. The quantity of free fatty acid can be distinguished by
determining the quantity of alkali that must be added to the fat or
oil to make it neutral. This test is done by warming a known
amount of oil or fat with alcoholic KOH, which will convert the free
fatty acid into soap.
REACTION
KINETICS
Saponification Reaction of Ethyl Acetate and Sodium Hydroxide is an
irreversible 2nd order overall, 1st order with respect to reactants
furthermore reaction order decreases and become sequential rather
than 2nd order when equimolecular concentrations of both reactants
are used7-10 . This reaction is non-catalytic and carried out in a
constant density system. This is a homogeneous phase (liquid/liquid)
reaction and mild exothermic in nature.

CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH → CH3COONa + C2H5OH


The rate of a chemical reaction is usually depend upon the two terms
1st is temperature dependent and 2nd is composition dependent and
the temperature dependent term is measured by using the Arrhenius
Equation11 . So we may write as
r = f1 (Temperature) × f2 (Composition)
Where: k is rate constant and described by using the Arrhenius
equation.

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