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Biology

The document discusses the major parts of the human brain including the cerebrum, cerebral cortex, lobes, and specific regions within the frontal and parietal lobes. The cerebrum is the largest division of the brain and is divided into two hemispheres and four lobes - the frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal lobes. The frontal lobe is involved in functions like memory, emotion, decision making and personality. It contains regions like the primary motor cortex, Broca's area, orbitofrontal cortex and olfactory bulb. The parietal lobe's roles include sensory integration and spatial awareness.

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Ruchika Nigam
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55 views10 pages

Biology

The document discusses the major parts of the human brain including the cerebrum, cerebral cortex, lobes, and specific regions within the frontal and parietal lobes. The cerebrum is the largest division of the brain and is divided into two hemispheres and four lobes - the frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal lobes. The frontal lobe is involved in functions like memory, emotion, decision making and personality. It contains regions like the primary motor cortex, Broca's area, orbitofrontal cortex and olfactory bulb. The parietal lobe's roles include sensory integration and spatial awareness.

Uploaded by

Ruchika Nigam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Human Brain

Cerebrum -The largest division of the brain. It is


divided into two hemispheres, each of which is
divided into four lobes.

Cerebrum
Cerebrum

Cerebellum
Cerebral Cortex - The outermost layer of gray
matter making up the superficial aspect of the
cerebrum.

Cerebral Cortex

Cerebral Cortex
Gyri (ridge)

Sulci
(groove)

Fissure
(deep groove)
Specific Sulci/Fissures:

Central Sulcus

Longitudinal Fissure

Sylvian/Lateral
Fissure

Transverse Fissure
Lobes of the Brain (4)
• Frontal
• Parietal
• Occipital
• Temporal

* Note: Occasionally, the Insula is considered the fifth lobe. It is located deep
to the Temporal Lobe.
Lobes of the Brain - Frontal
• The Frontal Lobe of the brain is located deep to the
Frontal Bone of the skull.
• It plays an integral role in the following functions/actions:
- Memory Formation
- Emotions
- Decision Making/Reasoning
- Personality
Frontal Lobe - Cortical Regions
• Primary Motor Cortex (Precentral Gyrus) – Cortical site
involved with controlling movements of the body.
• Broca’s Area – Controls facial neurons, speech, and language
comprehension. Located on Left Frontal Lobe.
– Broca’s Aphasia – Results in the ability to comprehend speech, but
the decreased motor ability (or inability) to speak and form words.

• Orbitofrontal Cortex – Site of Frontal Lobotomies


* Desired Effects: * Possible Side Effects:
- Diminished Rage - Epilepsy
- Decreased Aggression - Poor Emotional Responses
- Poor Emotional - Perseveration (Uncontrolled, repetitive
Responses actions, gestures, or words)

• Olfactory Bulb - Cranial Nerve I, Responsible for sensation of Smell


Primary Motor
Cortex/ Precentral
Gyrus

Broca’s Area

Orbitofrontal
Cortex

Olfactory Bulb

Regions
Lobes of the Brain - Parietal Lobe
• The Parietal Lobe of the brain is located deep to the
Parietal Bone of the skull.

• It plays a major role in the following functions/actions:

- Senses and integrates sensation(s)

- Spatial awareness and perception


(Proprioception - Awareness of
body/ body parts in space and
in relation to each other)

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