FISH CULTURE DISCUSSANTS:

KEITHLAN ROSIE F. LLANZA

Objectives:
Explain the phases or aspects of Fish Culture:
Classify the fish culture;
Recite the different terminologies used fish culture;
Enumerate the parts of a fish pond and the function
of each part;
Discuss the species and characteristics of cultivate
fish and natural foods of fish and;
Analyse the importance of fish culture and of
possible strategies for the species of fish pond.
 Fish Culture
 Many programs and activities had been done in response to the
problems regarding the shortage of the supply of fish in the country.
One of these program is Fish Culture.
 The process of raising in an enclosed area for commercial purposes.
 Phases or Aspects of Fish Culture:

1.Fish Cultivation
The rearing of fish under controlled or semi-
controlled condition.
2.Fish Propagation
The process of increasing fish life either
by natural or artificial means of
reproduction.
3.Fish Conservation
The scientific means of utilizing fish and
other fishery aquatic products /
resources.
 Classification of Fish Culture
1. According to extent of financial investment
a) Intensive- utilize limited area with very high investment
b) Extensive- utilize wide area with minimal capital and very low production
c) Semi-Intensive-employ some or the majority of the modern techniques of
production.
2. According to purpose
a. For commerce or for business
b. For recreation or for enjoyment
c. For educational and cultural or scientific pursuit
d. For food production
3. According to design a) Marine or salt water
a) Natural pond 6. According to temperature
b) Artificial pond a) Warm water or hot water
b) Cold water
4. According to state of water
c) Still water 7. According to species raised
d) Running water c) Fresh water species
d) brackish-water species
5. According to salinity
e) Fresh water e) Marine or salt water species
f) brackish-water
 Terminologies used in the study of Fish Culture

1. Endemic or Indigenous 4. Herbivorous

 native to the locality  Species of fish that feed on plants and
2. Exotic or Digenous vegetables only.
 introduced by other countries 5. Carnivorous
3. Habitat  Species of fish that feed on other animals.
 the place where plants and animals grow
and naturally live.
6. Omnivorous 9. pH
 Species of fish that feed on both plants  The hydrogen ion-concentration of water.
and anoimals
10.Photosynthesis
7. Tide The process by which plant manufacture
 The periodic rise and fall of sea water their own food with the aid of sunlight.

8. Milt
 The male reproductive gland of fishes
11.Predators  The bangus breeder o spawner
 species of fish feeding on other fishes
specially the cultivate ones. 14.Salinity
 The degree of freshness and saltiness of
12. Prolific water
 The process of producing young in great
numbers. 15.Temperature
 the degree of coldness and hotness of
13. Sabalo water
16.Competition  The biological association of minute plants
 The rivalry for space and oxygen inside the and animals which are found growing on the
fish pond. surface of the water.

17.Cannibalistic 19.Spat
 Species of fish that feed their own kind.  The larvae of oyster and mussel which are
free swimming in the water.
18.Plankton
20.Catadromous
 Species of fish that go down from fresh
water to salt water.
21.Anadromous
 Species of fish that go upstream from salt
water to fresh water.
23.Viviparous
 Species of fish that bring forth living
young which during their early
22.Oviparous development receive nourishment from
 Species of fish whose eggs are fertilized their mother fish.
and developed outside the body.
24.Ovoviparous
 Species of fish whose eggs are 25.Food Chain
fertilized and developed with in the   Shows how each living thing
body but the young when born gets food, and how nutrients and
alive do not receive nourishment energy are passed from creature to
from the mother fish. creature. Food chains begin with
 Ex: Rays and Sharks plant-life, and end with animal-life.
Some animals eat plants, some
animals eat other animals. 
26. Scavenger  The vernacular form for all the greenish,
 species of fish that feed on decaying brownish or yellowish crust of micro
organic matter. benthic fauna and flora, which are found
growing in matrix or mat at the pond floor.

27.Lab-Lab 28. Fecundity

 The number of eggs laid by a female fish in
one spawning.
29.Standing Corp
 The total number of fish 30. Biomass
stocked at a given area at  The total weight of the animal
given time. in the given environment.
Compartments of a Fishpond and Functions

1. Nursery pond - the smallest and the cleanest compartment where

fish are reared from fry up to pre fingerling size.

2. Transition pond - a compartment where fish are reared from pre

fingerling size to post fingerling size before stocking them in to other
larger compartments, it is also known as stunting pond.

3. Rearing pond - the largest compartment of a fishpond where fishes

are reared from post fingerlings up to marketable size.
4. Breeding pond - a compartment where spawners are confined and
are used purposely for the production of fry.

5. Catching pond - an area that serves as catchment basin for fish

harvest.

6. Head pond - an area that serves as water reservoir where water is

stored before going to other pond compartments.

7. Water supply canal - canal used to supply water throughout the

whole fish pond system.
 Legend:
NP – Nursery Pond
FP – Formation Pond
RP – Rearing Pond
SC – Supply Canal

Interpreting Plans and Layout

Kinds of Dikes
 Main dike - the largest of all dikes that surrounds the whole
fishpond project.

 Secondary
dike - the dike that surrounds the biggest
compartment.

 Tertiary
dike - the dike that surrounds the smallest
compartment.
 Kinds of Gates
 Main gate - the largest gate that serves
as water entrance in the whole fishpond
system.

 Secondary gate - the gate that can be

found in the largest compartment.

 Tertiary gate - the gate that can be

found in the smallest compartment.
Species of fish that are commonly
cultured in ponds:

I. Native or Indigenous

II. Introduced or Exotic Fishes

III.Crustaceans
1.Native
or Indigenous
2.Introduced
or Exotic Fishes
3.Crustaceans
Common Enemies of Fish
 1.Predators - fish and other animals that prey on the
cultured
species of fish

 2. Competitors - fish and other animals that compete with the

cultured species in terms of food, space and
oxygen

 3. Nuisances - crustaceans and other animals that do a lot of

damage to the food and in the habitat of fish.
 Characteristics of Fish that are Suitable
for Pond Culture
1. Fish should be palatable and good tasting – the fish must have a delicate flavour.

2. Fish must be a fast grower – the fish must be able to grow rapidly or can
give
a possibility of four or more harvests a year .

3. Fish should be resistant to pests, diseases and parasites – the fish should not
succumb to abrupt changes in temperature or salinity and can tolerate such conditions in
all its existence.
4. Fish should be a universal feeder – the culture fish require food which
can be grown easily and abundantly under favourable conditions.

5. Fish should have high market demand – the fish must command a high
price to recover

6. Fish should not be destructive in confinement, either to its kind or to

other species or to its environment
– the fish should be prolific which means that reproduce very often to have a
continuous supply of fry or stocks. the expenses incurred.
 Other Fish Culture Facilities
1. Hapa - it is an unframed
net tied to posts and principally used
for nursing fry and holding of breeder. It
Looks like an inverted mosquito net.

2. Fish cage - it is a framed net

that is either fixed or mobile. Set in
water and surrounded with a bamboo
raft and provided with an anchor at the
bottom. It is used for the culture of fish
from fry to marketable size.
3. Fish pen - it is an enclosure
of net or bamboo slats with sturdy
posts staked at the bottom of water and
used for the culture of fish from fry to
marketable size

Tank - it is a structure made of

brick tile or concrete used for the purpose of
culturing fish from fry, to marketable size. It
can also be used as a breeding tank, or as
conditioning tank
for breeders.
4. Raceway – an enclosure of concrete
soil or added materials generally in the
shape of the canal through which
constant water flows. Fish are raised in
the raceway at high density and their
waste products are carried out by the
water passing through the areas.
Thank
And God

you!!! Bless