Skin Cancer Detection Using

Convolutional Neural Network

Guide Name: Mrs. K .Veena

P. Samhitha Reddy-18E51A0588
P. Hameed Ali-18E51A0590
Nandish Yadav-18E51A0596
 Abstract
• Skin cancer is an alarming disease for mankind. The necessity of early diagnosis of the skin
cancer have been increased because of the rapid growth rate of Melanoma skin cancer, its
high treatment costs, and death rate.
• This cancer cells are detected manually and it takes time to cure in most of the cases. Hence
we present a completely automated system dermatological disease recognition through lesion
images, a machine intervention in contrast to conventional medical personnel-based
detection.
• We have used multiple AI algorithms like Convolutional Neural Network and Support Vector
Machine and amalgamated it with image processing tools to form a better structure, leading
to higher accuracy of 85%.
 Introduction
• Skin is the outer most region of our body and it is likely to be exposed to the environment
which may get in contact with dust, Pollution, micro-organisms and also to UV radiations.
These may be the reasons for any kind of Skin diseases and also Skin related diseases are
caused by instability in the genes this makes the skin diseases more complex.
• Among all the types of skin diseases skin cancer is found to be the deadliest kind of disease
found in humans. This is found most commonly among the fair skin. Skin cancer is found to
be 2 types Malignant Melanoma and Non- Melanoma.
• Malignant Melanoma is one of the deadly and dangerous type cancers, even though it’s found
that only 4% of the population is affected with this, it holds for 75% of the death caused due
to skin cancer.
• Melanoma can be cured if its identified or diagnosed in early stages and the treatment can be
provided early, but if melanoma is identified in the last stages, it is possible that Melanoma
can spread across deeper into skin and also can affect other parts of the body, then it becomes
very difficult to treat. Melanoma is caused due to presence of Melanocytes which are present
with in the body.
 Introduction
• The primitive reason of melanoma is ultra violate light exposure in those people who have low
level of skin pigment. The UV ray can be from the sun or any other sources and approximately
25% of malignant can be from moles.
• In our model we have used 3 different methods i.e. Neural Networks, Support Vector Machine
and Convolutional Neural Networks to find the efficient detection and classification of the
melanoma skin cancer into Malignant and benign skin cancers.
Data Processing/ Literature survey
 Data Processing/ Literature survey
• The region of the skin is masked with auto threshold segmentation and it can also be done by
manually setting up the pixel value. The color frequency can also be used to do the same
kind of cancer region segmentation.
• The region of the cancer in this project, the data processing follows the below steps:
• r is masked to give a clear view of the pixel where the cancer is present. The input image
consisted of three color values.
• By tunning it to the desired value the masked image can be created even accurately. Since it
provides better visualization of the region rather than doing an auto segmentation. The
masked region of cancer is shown in Fig.2.
 Method(s) Employed/Modules
• CNN or the convolutional neural network (CNN) is a class of deep learning
neural networks. In short think of CNN as a machine learning algorithm that
can take in an input image, assign importance (learnable weights and biases)
to various aspects/objects in the image, and be able to differentiate one from
the other.

• CNN works by extracting features from the images. Any CNN consists of the
following:
• The input layer which is a grayscale image
• The Output layer which is a binary or multi-class labels
• Hidden layers consisting of convolution layers, ReLU (rectified linear unit)
layers, the pooling layers, and a fully connected Neural Network
• It is very important to understand that ANN or Artificial Neural Networks, made
up of multiple neurons is not capable of extracting features from the image.
This is where a combination of convolution and pooling layers comes into the
picture. Similarly, the convolution and pooling layers can’t perform
classification hence we need a fully connected Neural Network.
 Algorithms/Architecture

• Figure shows the custom model that is been built by using various layers of deep learning so that
the model exhibits high accuracy.
• The size of the input image is 224x224 in the RGB(Red ,Blue, Green) format.
• Mobile Net V2 is used in the front portion of the model to increase performance.
• The output of that model is again passed into several other layers to get the most out of the
model.
• They consist of convolutional layers with batch normalization and the ReLu activation
function is used.
• The same is stacked up multiple time and finally, the output layer is a neural network with
seven output nodes with the flatten layer as the previous layer.
Hyper parameters
UML Diagrams/Data Flow Diagram/E-R
diagrams
Test Cases
 Conclusion
• Convolutional Neural Networks based approach have been proposed for melanoma
classification.
• A system is developed that can help patients and doctors to be able to detect
or identify skin cancer classes whether it is benign or malignant.
• By taking some random images any doctor can identify the accurate results but in traditional
approach too much time are taken to detect the cases correctly.
 References
[1] Alkolifi Alenezi, N. S. (2019). A Method of Skin Disease Detection Using
Image Processing and Machine Learning.
Procedia Computer Science, 163, 85–92.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.12.090
[2] Mohammed, S. S., & Al-Tuwaijari, J. M. (2021). Skin Disease Classification
System Based on Machine Learning
Technique: A Survey. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and
Engineering, 1076(1), 012045.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1076/1/01204
[3] Alake, R. (2020, December 23). Deep Learning: GoogLeNet Explained -
Towards Data Science. Medium.
https://towardsdatascience.com/deep-learning-googlenet-explained-
de8861c82765
Queries?
Thank You!