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Interview Protocol For Qualitative Research

1) An interview protocol aids in structuring qualitative interviews by providing questions related to the research aims and facilitating conversations on specific topics. 2) Good qualitative interviews require conceptual clarity on the research framework. 3) A successful interview protocol includes sections on the research title, objectives, questions, study design, population, methods, ethics, and a timeline. It guides the interviewer in properly structuring, conducting, and analyzing qualitative interviews.

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412 views19 pages

Interview Protocol For Qualitative Research

1) An interview protocol aids in structuring qualitative interviews by providing questions related to the research aims and facilitating conversations on specific topics. 2) Good qualitative interviews require conceptual clarity on the research framework. 3) A successful interview protocol includes sections on the research title, objectives, questions, study design, population, methods, ethics, and a timeline. It guides the interviewer in properly structuring, conducting, and analyzing qualitative interviews.

Uploaded by

Zeeshan Akhtar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Interview Protocol for


Qualitative Research
2

Definition
Interview protocol is an instrument of inquiry that

• aids in asking questions for specific information


related to the aims of a study

• an instrument for conversation about a particular


topic 

Essential for getting the best information from the


participants in a study
3

Pre Requisite for Good


Qualitative Interview
When there is a conceptual clarity about the framework of the
research only then a good qualitative interview be conducted
4

• Making good connections -Which means that people


will share more of their story with you and as a result you
get better data

• Title- As short as possible but covering and indicating the


research problem

• Background- Explain why the study should be done.


What is already known about the problem through other
studies? What is your theoretical or conceptual framework?

• Research objectives: State the general objectives of the


study (the objectives should correspond to the study design
and methodology).
5

• Research questions- Specify each of the


research questions

• Study area- Specify the geographical area for the


study. What is known about the social, economic
and epidemiological contexts?

• Study design- Will the design involve in-depth


interviews, focus groups or a combination of them?

• Study population: Who constitutes the study


population (ages, sex and other characteristics)?
6

• Sampling design and procedures- What is the sample size


and the rationale for the sample size calculation? What are the
eligibility requirements for participants? How will respondents
be located, recruited and selected?

• Study methods- Describe in detail the methods to be used.


Data management and analysis plan: How will data be process
and analyzed?

• Organization of fieldwork- All the steps in the fieldwork


should be described: what will be done, when, how and by
whom

• Ethical consideration- Ethical issues should be specified and


assessed by the researchers and by an ethics review committee.
7

• Timetable- When will stages, such as


preparations, pre-testing, data collection,
analysis, writing and reporting, take place?

• Budget- Costs should be specified and


correspond to the time plan and the general
description in a realistic way

• References- Reference all materials used to


develop the research protocol (including all
literature that was reviewed).
8

Interviewer Skills
9

1. Knowledgeable: is thoroughly familiar with the focus of the


interview; pilot interviews of the kind used in survey interviewing
can be useful here

2. Structuring: gives purpose for interview; rounds it off; asks


whether interviewee has questions
3. Clear: asks simple, easy, short questions; no jargon

4. Gentle: lets people finish; gives them time to think; tolerates


pauses

5. Sensitive: listens attentively to what is said and how it is said; is


empathetic in dealing with the interviewee

6. Open: responds to what is important to interviewee and is flexible


10

7. Steering: knows what he/she wants to find out

8. Critical: is prepared to challenge what is said, for example, dealing with


inconsistencies in interviewees’ replies

9. Remembering: relates what is said to what has previously been said

10. Interpreting: clarifies and extends meanings of interviewees’


statements, but without imposing meaning on them

11. Balanced: does not talk too much, which may make the interviewee
passive, and does not talk too little, which may result in the interviewee
feeling he or she is not talking along the right lines

12. Ethically sensitive: is sensitive to the ethical dimension of interviewing,


ensuring the interviewee appreciates what the research is about, its
purposes, and that his or her answers will be treated confidentially
11

Types of Interview Questions


12

1. Direct questions: ‘Do you find it easy to keep smiling when serving customers?’;
‘Are you happy with the way you and your husband decide how money should be
spent?’

2. Indirect questions: ‘What do most people round here think of the ways that
management treats its staff?’, perhaps followed up by ‘Is that the way you feel
too?’, in order to get at the individual’s own view

3. Structuring questions: ‘I would now like to move on to a different topic’

4. Follow-up questions: getting the interviewee to elaborate his/her answer, such


as ‘Could you say some more about that?’; ‘What do you mean by that . . .?’

5. Probing questions: following up what has been said through direct questioning

6. Specifying questions: ‘What did you do then?’; ‘How did X react to what you
said?’

7. Interpreting questions: ‘Do you mean that your leadership role has had to
change from one of encouraging others to a more directive one?’; ‘
13

Writing Successful Interview


Protocol
14

• Pick a topic that is interesting to you

• Research should guide your questions

• Use a script for the beginning and end of your


interview

• Questions should be open ended

• Start with the basics

• Begin with easy to answer questions and move


towards ones that are more difficult or controversial
15

• Write big, expansive questions

• Use Prompts

• Be willing to make “on the spot” revisions to your interview protocol

• Make sure that you have set up a second shorter interview to help you clarify or ask
any questions you missed after you have transcribed the interview

• Don’t make the interview too long

• Practice
16

How to Conduct the


Interview
17

1. Start with your script

2. Collect Consent

3. Use some type of recording device and only take brief notes so you can maintain
eye contact with your interviewee

4. Arrange to interview your respondent in a quiet, semi-private place

5. Be sure that both you and the interviewee block off plenty of uninterrupted time
for the interview

6. Have genuine care, concern, and interest for the person you are interviewing

7. Use basic counselling skills to help your interviewees feel heard

8. Keep it focused. Listening is the key

9. End with your Script


18

References
• Jacob, A., & Ferguson, S. (2012). Writing Interview
Protocols and Conducting Interviews: Tips for
Students New to the Field of Qualitative Research. The
Qualitative Report, 17, 1-10. Retrieved from
https://nsuworks.nova.edu/tqr/vol17/iss42/3/

• Strategies for Qualitative Interviews. (n.d.). Retrieved


from Department of Sociology, Harvard University:
https://sociology.fas.harvard.edu/files/sociology/files/
interview_strategies.pdf
19

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