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Philippine Politics AND Governance: Diana D. Tobias Subject Teacher

The document discusses the structure and branches of the Philippine government. It is divided into three branches: the legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch. Each branch has separate powers and responsibilities according to the principle of separation of powers and system of checks and balances. The branches include the President, Congress consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives, and the Supreme Court. [END SUMMARY]

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Diane Dinglasa Tobias
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62 views20 pages

Philippine Politics AND Governance: Diana D. Tobias Subject Teacher

The document discusses the structure and branches of the Philippine government. It is divided into three branches: the legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch. Each branch has separate powers and responsibilities according to the principle of separation of powers and system of checks and balances. The branches include the President, Congress consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives, and the Supreme Court. [END SUMMARY]

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Diane Dinglasa Tobias
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PHILIPPINE

POLITICS
AND
GOVERNANCE
DIANA D. TOBIAS
SUBJECT TEACHER
BRANCHES OF
PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
JOIN AT
WWW.KAHOOT.IT
ENTER THE GAME
PIN
2995155
BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
The structure of the Philippine government is divided into
three branches:

the Legislative Department (Article 6);


the Executive Department (Article 7); and
the Judicial Department (Article 8).
THE PRINCIPLE OF
SEPARATION OF POWERS
The powers of the government, by virtue of this principle are divided
into three (3) distinct classes: the legislative, the executive and the
judicial. They are distributed, respectively among the legislative,
executive, and judicial branches or departments of the government.

Under the principle of co-equal and coordinate powers among the three
(3) branches, the officers entrusted with each of these powers are not
permitted to encroach upon the powers confided to the others. If one
department goes beyond the limits set by the Constitution, its acts are
null and void. The adoption of this principle was motivated by the belief
that arbitrary rule would result if the same person or body were to
exercise all the powers of the government.
PRINCIPLE OF CHECKS AND BALANCES
The three co-equal departments are established by the constitution in as
balanced positions as possible. To maintain this balance or to restore it if
upset, each department is given certain powers with which to check the
others.
Checks by the President Checks by the Congress Checks by the Judiciary
- may veto or disapprove bills - Congress may override the - the Supreme Court as the final
enacted by the Congress (Sec. veto of the President (Sec. arbiter may declare legislative
27:1) 27:1) measures or executive acts
- through pardoning power, he - Reject certain appointments of unconstitutional (Art. VIII, Sec
may modify or set aside the the President (Art. VII, Sec. 16) 4:2)
judgments of courts (Art. VII, - Revoke the proclamation of - determine whether or not
Sec 19) martial law or suspension of there has been a grave abuse
the writ of habeas corpus by of discretion amounting to lack
the President (Art. VII, Section or excess of jurisdiction on the
18) part of the Congress or
- Amend or revoke the decision President (Art. VIII, Sec. 2:2)
of the Court by the enactment
of a new law or by an
amendment of the old
- The power to impeach the
President and the members of
the Supreme Court.
EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT JUDICIAL
DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT

President – Chief SENATE – 24 SUPREME COURT


Executive Currently the Philippine Senate is -composed of fifteen
composed of 23 Senators members
Vice President
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1 Chief Justice
Cabinet Officials – not more than 250 members 14 Associate Justice
including the Party-list
Representatives

District Representatives – 80%


Party-list Representatives -20%

Currently there are 285 members of


the House of Representatives
229 – District representatives
56 – Sectoral Representatives

COMPOSITION
EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVE JUDICIAL
DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT
President – 1 term SENATE – 2 NO TERM LIMIT –
of 6 years without consecutive terms but they mandated to
re-election allowed with 6 years hold office during
per term good behavior until
Vice President – 2 they reach the age of
consecutive terms DISTRICT AND 70 or become
allowed with 6 PARTY-LIST incapacitated to
years per term REPRESENTATIVES discharge the duties
- 3 consecutive terms of their office.
allowed with 3
years per term

TERMS OF OFFICE
QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT
 natural-born citizen of the Philippines
 a registered voter
 able to read and write
 at least forty (40) years of age on the day of the election
 a resident of the Philippines for at least ten (10) years
immediately preceding the election.
QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
CONGRESS (SENATORS)
 a natural born citizens of the Philippines
 at least 35 years of age on the day of the election
 able to read and write
 a registered voter
 a resident of the Philippines for not less than two (2)
years immediately preceding the day of the election
QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
CONGRESS (HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES)
 a natural-born citizen of the Philippines
 at least 25 years of age on the day of the election
 able to read and write
 except for a party-list representative, a registered voter in the district in
which he shall be elected
 a resident thereof for a period of not less than one year preceding the
election

ADDITIONAL QUALITICATION FOR PARTY-LIST


REPRESENTATIVES:
 a bona fide member of the party or organization
which he seeks to represent for at least ninety (90)
days preceding the day of the election,
QUALIFICATIONS OF THE OFFICIALS OF THE
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES
 he must be a natural-born citizen of the
Philippines
 he must be at least forty (40) years of age
 he must have, for fifteen (15) years or more,
been a judge of a lower court or engaged in
the practice of law in the Philippines
 he must be a person of proven competence,
integrity, probity and independence.
POWERS OF THE
GOVERNMENT
THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH
President (Article 7)
1. THE POWER TO IMPLEMENT LAWS
2. Administrative Power and control over the agencies of the
governments(Section 17)
3. The power to appoint government officials (Section 16)
4. The power to commute sentence, grant pardon, reprieve and amnesty
(Section 19)
5. The power to declare martial law (Section 18)
6. The power to suspend the privilege of writ of habeas corpus (Section 18)
7. The power to veto a law (Art. 6, Section 7)
8. The power of supervision and control over the local government (Art. X,
Section 4)
9. The power to conduct treaty and international agreement with other states
(Section 21)
THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
Congress (Article 6)
1. THE POWER TO ENACT LAWS
2. Police Power
3. Power of Eminent Domain
4. Power of Taxation
5. The power to choose who shall become President in case of tie (Section 4, par.4)
6. The power to impose death penalty (Art. 3, Sec 19)
7. The power to act as a constituent assembly (Art. XVII, section 1)
8. The power to declare the existence of war (Section 23)
9. The power to confirm the appointments of government officials (Section 19)
10. The power to ratify treaty (Art. 7, Section 21)
11. The power to conduct investigation in aid of legislation (Section 21)
12. Immunity from arrest for offenses punishable by not more than six years imprisonment
(Section 11)
13. The power to appropriate money (Section 24 & 25)
14. The power to impeach (Art. XI, Sec. 2)
THE JUDICIAL BRANCH
The Supreme Court (Article 8)
1. THE POWER TO INTERPRET LAWS
2. THE POWER OF JUDICIAL REVIEW.
a. The power to determine whether there has been a grave abuse of discretion lack
or excess of jurisdiction of any branch or instrumentality of the government (Sec.
4, par. 2)
3. ADJUDICATORY POWERS (Section 1, par. 2)
a. The power to determine the validity and constitutionality of the laws of the State
b. The power to settle actual controversies involving rights which are legally
demandable and enforceable
4. Assign temporarily judges of lower courts to other stations as public interest may
require
5. Order the change of venue or place of trial to avoid a miscarriage of justice
6. Appoints all officials and employees of the Judiciary in accordance with the
Civil Service Law
IMPEACHMENT
Impeachment has been defined as a method of national inquest into the
conduct of public men. It is essentially in the nature of a criminal
prosecution before a quasi-political court, instituted by a written accusation
called “articles of impeachment” upon a charge of the commission of a
crime or some official misconduct or neglect.

PURPOSE OF IMPEACHMENT
Its purpose is to protect the people from official delinquencies or
malfeasances. It is, therefore, primarily intended for the protection of the
state, not for the punishment of the offender. The penalties attached to
impeachment are merely incidental to the primary intention of protecting the
people as a body politic.
OFFICIALS REMOVABLE BY
IMPEACHMENT
1. The President and Vice-president
2. The Members of the Supreme Court
3. The members of the Constitutional
Commissions
4. The Ombudsman
GROUNDS FOR
IMPEACHMENTS
 Culpable violation of the Constitution
 Treason
 Bribery
 Graft and Corruption
 Betrayal of Public Trust
 Other High Crimes
THANK YOU AND
GOD BLESS!

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