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Solid Friction

Solid friction is caused by the interaction between two surfaces in contact. Static friction is the frictional force when there is no relative motion between the surfaces, and can vary up to a maximum value. Dynamic friction is the lower frictional force that acts when there is relative motion. Friction is caused by contact points between rough surfaces that act like "welds" and require a force to break. The coefficient of static and dynamic friction can be measured through experiments. Lubricants reduce friction by filling gaps between surfaces and lowering contact points.

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Jungun Hwang
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221 views9 pages

Solid Friction

Solid friction is caused by the interaction between two surfaces in contact. Static friction is the frictional force when there is no relative motion between the surfaces, and can vary up to a maximum value. Dynamic friction is the lower frictional force that acts when there is relative motion. Friction is caused by contact points between rough surfaces that act like "welds" and require a force to break. The coefficient of static and dynamic friction can be measured through experiments. Lubricants reduce friction by filling gaps between surfaces and lowering contact points.

Uploaded by

Jungun Hwang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Solid Friction

L.O; To explain how friction is caused and calculate the


coefficient of static and dynamic friction.

S.C;
 define the key terms static friction, dynamic friction
 describe an experiment that demonstrates how the
frictional forces change on an object
 describe an experiment that allows the coefficient of
friction to be calculated
 explain what causes friction
 explain how to reduce friction
Static friction is the force between
two surfaces when there is no
relative movement when a force is
applied.

 When the object is at rest the


frictional force acting on it is zero.
 If an object is pushed
horizontally with a force the
frictional force produced will be
equal in magnitude but opposite
in direction to prevent movement
 If the maximum static friction
force is exceeded the object will
move
The static friction force can
vary from zero up to a
maximum value.
Between these limits the
frictional force is equal to
the applied force.
Once the maximum
frictional force is equal to
the applied force, the object
is just about to move.
When the applied force is
greater than the maximum
frictional force, the object
will move
Dynamic friction is the force between two surfaces
when there is relative movement
 Once the static frictional force has been overcome,
the frictional force acting drops to a lower value;
dynamic friction.
The dynamic frictional
force is lower in value
than the static frictional
force.

The dynamic frictional


force remains at a
constant value.
https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep
/mcat/physical-processes/forces-on-inclin
ed-planes/v/intuition-on-static-and-kineti
c-friction-comparisons
The values of µs and µd can vary depending on the
combination of surfaces being used and the
condition of the surfaces.
No surface is completely smooth: between two surfaces
there are very few points of contact.
This causes high pressure between the points of contact and
the surfaces become “welded” together: these “welds” are
very strong.
 In order to break these “welds” a large enough force must
be applied: the force that is large enough to break the “welds”
is greater than the maximum static friction force that can be
produced.
Lubricants are used to reduce the frictional forces
between surfaces. The lubricant fills the gaps between
the rough surfaces and reduces the number of contact
points, thus reducing the number of “welds” that need
to be broken.
This reduces the coefficient of friction so the object
will begin to move at lower applied forces.

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