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Wifi Architecture

IEEE 802.11 defines the architecture and services for wireless local area networks (WLANs). The basic building block is the basic service set (BSS) which connects wireless devices. Multiple BSSs form an extended service set (ESS) connected through an access point to a distribution system. An access point provides wireless access to the distribution system and allows devices to associate, authenticate, and exchange data frames wirelessly. The IEEE 802.11 standards define nine services including authentication, encryption, frame delivery between devices, and roaming between access points.

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86 views12 pages

Wifi Architecture

IEEE 802.11 defines the architecture and services for wireless local area networks (WLANs). The basic building block is the basic service set (BSS) which connects wireless devices. Multiple BSSs form an extended service set (ESS) connected through an access point to a distribution system. An access point provides wireless access to the distribution system and allows devices to associate, authenticate, and exchange data frames wirelessly. The IEEE 802.11 standards define nine services including authentication, encryption, frame delivery between devices, and roaming between access points.

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bijoy_c
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Wireless LAN Architecture

IEEE 802.11 or WiFi


IEEE 802.11 ARCHITECTURE
• The IEEE 802.11 was formed to develop a MAC(Media
Access Control) protocol and physical medium
specification for wireless LANs
• BSS: (Basic Service Set) It is the smallest building block
of a wireless LAN. It consist of a a number of stations
executing the same MAC protocol and competing for
access to the same shared wireless medium.
• A BSS may be isolated or it may be connected to a
backbone Distribution System through an access point.
IEEE802.11 cont…
• ESS(Extended Service Set) two or more BSS and
integrated LAN that are interconnected through a
backbone LAN called Distribution system. Each BSS
are connected to the distribution system through an
access point. The LLC layer of each station in the ESS .
• The Distribution system can be a switch or a wired
network or wireless network
• The ESS appear as a single logical LAN to the LLC
(Logical Link Control) layer for each station
IEEE802.11 cont…
• Access Point: any entity that has station functionality
and provide access to the distribution system
through wireless medium for associated stations.
Access point the logic within a station that provide
access to the Distribution system by providing DS
services in addition to acting as a station
• Co ordination function: logical function that
determines when a station operating within a BSS is
permitted to transmit and may be able to receive
PDUs(Protocol Data Units)
IEEE802.11 cont…
• Adhoc network: a BSS Without and access
point is referred to as ad-hoc network
• Infrastructure Network: a BSS with an access
point is referred to as infrastructure network
Wi fi Architecture (802.11 )

STA: station; AP: access point


IEEE 802.11 SERVICES
• IEEE 802.11 defines nine services that need to
be performed by the wireless LAN to provide
functionality equivalent to that of wire LAN.
• The service provider can either be the station
or the DS. Station services are implemented in
every 802.11 station including AP. DS services
are provided between BSSs. May be
implemented in AP or special devices attached
to DS
IEEE 802.11 Services
IEEE 802.11 Services
• Three of these services are used to control
IEEE802.11 LAN access and confidentiality
• Six of these services are used to support
delivery of MAC Service Data Units (MSDU)
between stations
IEEE 802.11 Services
• Association: establishes an initial association between a
station and and AP. Once association is established the AP
can share this information within the ESS to facilitate
routing and delivery of addressed frames
• Authentication: this service is used by stations to establish
their identity with stations they want to communicate
with. Authentication scheme range from relatively
unsecure hand shaking to public-key encryption scheme
• Deauthentication: The services is invoked whenever an
existing authentication is to be terminated
IEEE 802.11 Services
• Disassociation: a notification from either a station or an
access point that an existing association is terminated.
• Distribution: it is the primary service used by stations to
exchange MAC frames when the frame must traverse the
DS to get from a station in one BSS to a station in another
BSS
• Integration: this service enables transfer of data between
a station on a IEEE 802.11 LAN and a station on an
integrated IEEE 802.x LAN which is a wired LAN. Integrated
refers to a wired LAN that is physically connected to an
IEEE 802.11 LAN
IEEE 802.11 Services
• MSDU delivery: it is a basic service used to transfer MAC
Service Data Units between stations. If MSDU is too
large to be transmitted in a single MAC frame it may be
fragmented and transmitted in a series of MAC frames
• Privacy: used to prevent the contents of message from
being read by other than the intended recipient.
Encryption is used for privacy
• Re association : enables an initial association to be
transferred from one AP to another, allowing a mobile
station to move from one BSS to another

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