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Psychological

This document summarizes several psychological disorders: 1. It describes anxiety disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and phobias which include irrational fears of specific objects, situations, or social interactions. 2. It explains obsessive compulsive disorder where sufferers experience uncontrollable and reoccurring obsessions and compulsions. 3. It discusses post-traumatic stress disorder which can develop after a terrifying event and involves flashbacks, nightmares, and anxiety. 4. It provides a case study example of someone experiencing anxiety, depression, poor sleep, and thoughts of self-harm.

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94 views15 pages

Psychological

This document summarizes several psychological disorders: 1. It describes anxiety disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and phobias which include irrational fears of specific objects, situations, or social interactions. 2. It explains obsessive compulsive disorder where sufferers experience uncontrollable and reoccurring obsessions and compulsions. 3. It discusses post-traumatic stress disorder which can develop after a terrifying event and involves flashbacks, nightmares, and anxiety. 4. It provides a case study example of someone experiencing anxiety, depression, poor sleep, and thoughts of self-harm.

Uploaded by

manasv
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Psychological

Disorders
content
• Anxiety Disorders
• Phobias
• Obsessive Compulsive
Disorder (OCD)
• Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder
(PTSD)
Anxiet y D i s o r d e r s

• Anxiety is defined as a vague and unpleasant


feeling of fear and apprehension.
• symptoms : rapid heart rate, fainting, dizziness,
sweating etc.
Ty p e s o f A n x i e t y D i s o r d e r s

1. Generalised anxiety disorder

• Consists of prolonged, vague, inexplicable and


intense fear that are not attributed to any particular
object or cause.
• Symptoms : frequent worry and apprehension,
hypervigilance that involves continuous scanning
of dangers in the environment and motor tension.
Ty p e s o f A n x i e t y D i s o r d e r s

2. Panic disorder
• recurrent anxiety attacks, feeling of intense terror.
• A panic attack denotes an abrupt of intense anxiety
rising to a peak when thoughts of a particular
stimuli are present.
• Symptoms : shortness of breath, choking, nausea,
fear of going crazy or death, chest pain, losing
control or dying etc.
3. Phobias
Agoraphobia
is the fear of entering
Phobias are defined as irrational fears related to a unfamiliar situations people
particular object, person or situation. Three types with agoraphobia have
of Phobias are problems in leaving their
home as well and thus due to
which they are not able to
carry out their normal
activities as well.

Specific phobias Social phobia

irrational fears such as is defined as a feeling of


fear of a specific type intense fear and
of animal or being embarrassment when dealing
enclosed into enclosed with others in public
spaces
Separation anxiety Disord
er
Individuals with separation anxiety disorder are fearful and anxious about
separation from attachment figures to an extent that is developmentally not
appropriate.
Symptoms may include: Recurrent and excessive distress about anticipating or
being away from home or loved ones.

Separation anxiety differs from normal clinginess. Children


with the disorder can't think about anything but the present
fear of separation. They may have nightmares or regular
physical complaints. They may be reluctant to go to school or
other places.
obse s s i v e - c o m p u l s i v e
disorde r ( O C D )
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a common,
chronic, and long-lasting disorder in which a person has
uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts (obsessions) and/or
behaviors (compulsions) that he or she feels the urge to
repeat over and over.

• OBSESSION- THOUGHT
• COMPULSION- ACTION
POST- TRAUMATIC STRESS
DISORDER (PTSD)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that's triggered
by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may
include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable
thoughts about the event.

The condition may last months or years, with triggers that can bring back memories
of the trauma accompanied by intense emotional and physical reactions.
Adjustment Disorders and Acute Stress Disorder are also included under this
category.
Case study
Jim is a 37 year old man who is suffering from various problems, such as anxiety, depression
and poor sleep. He is also living alone in his apartment but has two daughters who live away
from home. He has been working in a factory but is off long term because of his anxiety and
depression. His current problems include thoughts of harming himself and worrying. When he
is in public he has also reported that he wants to return home where he feels safe which could
be due to feeling hot and sweaty, therefore he finds it difficult going into public places, which
could be making a social life difficult for Jim. This could be causing Jim’s depression as he is
becoming increasingly lonely and could be ruminating. Jim’s thoughts, feelings and behaviours
are contributing to a vicious cycle. By addressing Jim’s difficulties with anxiety and fears, Jim
may be able to feel safe whilst going into public places which, in the future, could allow him to
attend work, therefore reducing his depression as he has less opportunity to ruminate. By
addressing these issues, his thoughts of harming himself, depression and his sleep problems
will be indirectly addressed.
Case study
As a teenager, Mauricio had always tried to live up to every standard (academic, religious,
familial) that was placed upon him. Before every exam, he lined up his pencils, erasers, and
notebooks exactly the same way, each two fingers apart. He felt a strong urge to complete
this task because if he didn’t, he would fail his exam. His classmates thought it was funny
and one day, a boy sitting next to him purposely knocked his pencils to the floor. When this
occurred, Mauricio was certain he would fail and became suddenly, very ill, excusing
himself to the bathroom where he vomited his lunch. As the years progressed, his habits
increased. He was too afraid of being a failure at work and the only thing that gave him
confidence was arranging his desk the same every day, tying the same knot in his tie, and
readjusting his seat ten times exactly. His dating life was a mess; no woman could deal with
his oddities at home—rearranging cutlery, turning light switches on and off . . . and this left
him lonely and sad. When he became too depressed to leave his home, a friend advised him
to see a counselor and offered to drive him to his appointments.
Thank You
for listening!

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