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Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials

The document discusses factors of perfect square trinomials in mathematics. It defines a perfect square trinomial as one where the first and last terms are perfect squares and the middle term is twice the product of the square roots of the first and last terms. Examples are provided to demonstrate determining if a trinomial is perfect square and completely factoring perfect square trinomials. Students are expected to learn to identify perfect square trinomials and factor them.

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112 views19 pages

Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials

The document discusses factors of perfect square trinomials in mathematics. It defines a perfect square trinomial as one where the first and last terms are perfect squares and the middle term is twice the product of the square roots of the first and last terms. Examples are provided to demonstrate determining if a trinomial is perfect square and completely factoring perfect square trinomials. Students are expected to learn to identify perfect square trinomials and factor them.

Uploaded by

Paul John Mariano Agcaoili
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Quezon National High School

Grade 8 JHS

FACTORS OF
PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIALS
Mathematics 8
Lesson Objectives
At the end of the session, you are expected to:
determine whether each trinomial is a perfect square trinomial;
and

factor completely perfect square trinomials.


Recall that the square of a binomial results in a perfect square
trinomial. That is,
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙+𝒚¿)𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙𝒚 + 𝒚
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
(𝒙 − 𝒚¿)𝒙 −𝟐 𝒙𝒚 + 𝒚
Reversing the process gives It is always important to
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙𝒚 +𝒚
𝟐 𝟐
¿(𝒙 +𝒚) 𝟐
check if the given trinomial
is really a PST.
𝒙 −𝟐 𝒙𝒚+ 𝒚 ¿(𝒙 − 𝒚 )
This suggests that in factoring perfect square trinomials, the
result is the square of a binomial.
The first term is the square root of the first term of the trinomial
and the second term is the square root of the third term of the
trinomial.
The following will help you recognize a perfect square
trinomial.
FIRST TERM MIDDLE LAST TERM
PERFECT SQUARE TWICE THE PERFECT SQUARE
(positive) PRODUCT OF THE (positive)
TERM
SQUARE ROOTS OF
THE 1st TERM and
LAST TERM
If you multiply the
square roots of the 1st
and last term and
double the result, you
get the middle term,
or its additive inverse.
It is always important to check if the given trinomial is really a
PST.
Example
𝟐 1. Determine whether each trinomial is a PST.
𝒂 .𝒚 +𝟖 𝒚 +𝟏𝟔
Solution:
a. To tell if is a perfect square trinomial, examine each term.

Is the first term a perfect square? 𝑦 ¿ 𝑦 ∙ 𝑦 YES


2

Is the last term a perfect square? 1 6 ¿ 4 ∙ 4 YES


Is the middle term twice the product of the square roots of
and 16? (2) ( 𝑦 ) (4 ) ¿ 8 𝑦
Therefore, is a PST.
Example
𝟐 1. Determine
𝟐 whether each trinomial is a PST.
𝒃.𝟒𝒙 −𝟔𝒙𝒚 +𝟗𝒚
Is the first term a perfect square? 4 𝑥 ¿ 2 ∙2 ∙ 𝑥 ∙ 𝑥 YES
2

Is the last term a perfect square? 9 𝑦 ¿ 3 ∙ 3 ∙ 𝑦 ∙ 𝑦 YES


2

Is the middle term twice the product of the square roots of


and ?
(2) (2 𝑥 ) (3 𝑦 ) ¿ 12 𝑦
But the middle term, of the given trinomial is .
Thus, is not a perfect square trinomial.
Example 2. Which of the following are PST’s?
𝟐
𝒂.𝒙 +𝟏𝟔 𝒙+𝟔𝟒
𝟐 𝟐
𝒃.𝟗𝒙 −𝟑𝟎𝒙𝒚+𝟐𝟓𝒚
𝟐
𝒄. 𝒙 +𝟓 𝒙+𝟔
TRY IT 1
Which of the following are perfect square trinomials?
𝟐
𝒂 .𝒙 +𝟖 𝒙 +𝟏𝟔 𝟐
𝒃.𝟒 𝒙 −𝟐𝟎 𝒙𝒚 +𝟐𝟓 𝒚 𝟐
STEPS IN FACTORING PERFECT SQUARE TRINOMIALS
1. Get the square roots of the first and last terms.
2. Use the sign of the middle term of the trinomial between these
roots.
3. Raise the binomial obtained in step 2 to the second power.
Example 3. Factor each completely.
𝟐
𝒂.𝒙 +𝟏𝟎 𝒙+𝟐𝟓
𝟐
𝒃.𝟒𝒙 −𝟏𝟔𝒙+𝟏𝟔
𝟐
𝒄.𝟏𝟔𝒃 +𝟕𝟐𝒃+𝟖𝟏
𝟐
𝒅.𝟗𝒓 −𝟔𝒓+𝟏
TRY IT 2
Factor each completely.
𝟐
𝒂.𝒑 +𝟏𝟖𝒑+𝟖𝟏
𝟐
𝒃.𝟐𝟓𝒎 −𝟐𝟎𝒔+𝟒
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123 Anywhere St., Any City, ST 12345
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THANK YOU
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reallygreatsite.com
hello@reallygreatsite.com
123 Anywhere St., Any City, ST 12345
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THANK YOU
+123-456-7890
reallygreatsite.com
hello@reallygreatsite.com
123 Anywhere St., Any City, ST 12345
Larana Company

THANK YOU
+123-456-7890
reallygreatsite.com
hello@reallygreatsite.com
123 Anywhere St., Any City, ST 12345
Larana Company

THANK YOU
+123-456-7890
reallygreatsite.com
hello@reallygreatsite.com
123 Anywhere St., Any City, ST 12345
Larana Company

THANK YOU
+123-456-7890
reallygreatsite.com
hello@reallygreatsite.com
123 Anywhere St., Any City, ST 12345

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