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Post Operative Hemorrhage

Post-operative hemorrhage is an uncommon but serious complication following surgery that can cause hypovolemic shock and death. It can occur at any time from surgery up to several days later due to factors like dislodged blood clots, slipped stitches or sutures, unsecured blood vessel ligations, or certain medications. Clinical signs include overt bleeding, pain, swelling at the incision site, and changes in vital signs. Treatment involves blood transfusions, determining the cause of bleeding, inspecting the surgical site, and potentially taking the patient back to the operating room for further exploration if internal bleeding is suspected.

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655 views16 pages

Post Operative Hemorrhage

Post-operative hemorrhage is an uncommon but serious complication following surgery that can cause hypovolemic shock and death. It can occur at any time from surgery up to several days later due to factors like dislodged blood clots, slipped stitches or sutures, unsecured blood vessel ligations, or certain medications. Clinical signs include overt bleeding, pain, swelling at the incision site, and changes in vital signs. Treatment involves blood transfusions, determining the cause of bleeding, inspecting the surgical site, and potentially taking the patient back to the operating room for further exploration if internal bleeding is suspected.

Uploaded by

nishimura89
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POST OPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE

HEMORRHAGE
is an uncommon yet serious complication of surgery that can result in hypovolemic shock and death. it can present insidiously or emergently at any time in the immediate post operative period or up to several days after surgery. is an excessive internal or external blood loss.

Post Operative hemorrhage

It may occur from:


   

Dislodged clot in the wound. Slipped stitch or suture Insecured ligation of blood vessel Certain medications

Clinical signs:
   

Overt bleeding pain Abdominal girth Swelling and bruising around incision.

Classifications of Hemorrhage
Classifications I. Time Frame Primary- Hemorrhage occur at the time of surgery PrimaryIntermediaryIntermediary- Hemorrhage occur during the first few hours after surgery when the rise of blood pressure to its normal level dislodged insecure clots from untied blood vessels. SecondarySecondary- Hemorrhage may occur sometime after surgery if a suture slips because of blood vessel was not securely tied or was eroded by a drainage tube.

Types of hemorrhage


Internal hemorrhage

External hemorrhage

II. Type of blood vessel:




CapillaryCapillary- hemorrhage is characterized by slow general ooze. VenousVenous- darkly colored, blood bubbles out quickly. ArteriolesArterioles- blood is bright red and appears in spurts with each heartbeat.

III. Visibility


EvidentEvident- Hemorrhage is on the surface and can be seen. ConcealedConcealed- Hemorrhage is a body cavity and cannot be seen.

The Patient presents with:


     

hypotension Rapid, thread pulse Disorientation Restlessness Oliguria, Paled, cool skin

HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK
 

Most common seen in post operative patients, which occurs from a blood volume. Early phase of shock manifestation: Feeling or apprehension Cardiac output and vascular resistance Dyspnea Cold Tinnitus

NURSING MANAGEMENT:


Transfusing blood or blood products and determining the cause of hemorrhage are the initial therapeutic measures.

NURSING ALERT!


The infusion rate is determined by the severity of blood loss and the clinical evidence of hypovolemia. If massive blood replacement is necessary, the bloof must be warmed in a commercial blood warmer.

NURSING MANAGEMENT


 

The surgical site and incision should always be inspected after bleeding. The patient is placed in shock position If hemorrhage is suspected but cannot be visualized the patient may be taken back to the Operating Room after emergency exploration of the surgical site.

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