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Rudiments of Music Final

Music is expressed through intelligent combinations of sounds. The staff is composed of five lines and four spaces numbered to indicate pitch. The grand staff uses both the treble and bass clefs to notate different ranges of pitches. Notes indicate pitch and duration, with whole notes getting 4 beats and notes decreasing by half with each subsequent note name. Rests indicate silence in corresponding durations to notes. Tempo describes the speed of the music from prestissimo to adagio.

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Karen Fajardo
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95 views48 pages

Rudiments of Music Final

Music is expressed through intelligent combinations of sounds. The staff is composed of five lines and four spaces numbered to indicate pitch. The grand staff uses both the treble and bass clefs to notate different ranges of pitches. Notes indicate pitch and duration, with whole notes getting 4 beats and notes decreasing by half with each subsequent note name. Rests indicate silence in corresponding durations to notes. Tempo describes the speed of the music from prestissimo to adagio.

Uploaded by

Karen Fajardo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MUSIC

is an art expressed through


an intelligent combination
of sounds.
STAFF is composed of five
lines and four equal spaces.
The lines and spaces of the staff
are numbered as illustrated in the
picture.
Lines and spaces of the staff are named
based on the clef sign used.
These are called pitch names or letter
names.
Pitch names are the first 7 letters of the
English alphabet.
( A,B,C,D,E,F,G)
THE GRAND STAFF AND THE CLEF SIGNS

The grand staff is composed of two


staves, one placed at the upper portion
and one at the bottom. The upper staff
uses a treble clef while the lower staff
uses the bass clef.
This is a treble or G clef sign.

This is a bass clef or an F clef sign.


Lines and spaces of the
staff have letter names.
Bar lines divide the staff into measures.
Double bar lines indicate the end of a musical phrase or
composition.
Measure is the distance between two bar lines.
PITCH DURATION

A whole note has a length of 4 beats of sound


and is represented by a hollow oval. More
simply put, when you sing or play this note, you
hold it for 4 beats counting 1-2-3-4 (in your head)
before you stop. The British name for this note
is the semibreve.
The half notes have a length of 2 beats
of sound and is represented by a hollow
oval with a stem. When you sing or play
this note, you hold it for 2 beats
counting 1-2. It gets it’s name because
half of 4 is 2.

Thus 2 half notes is the same amount of


time as a whole. All of the note names to
follow get there names from their
relationship to the whole note. The
British name for this note is the minim.
A quarter note receives 1 beat.

These are quarter notes.


The sign below is called crescendo, meaning
gradually louder.
An eighth note is worth half
a beat or half of a quarter.
Hence 1/8 is half of 1/4. It is
called an eighth note
because it is 1/8 of a whole
note. The British name is a
quaver.
A sixteenth note is half of an eighth note. It
is 1/16 of a whole note.  The British name
for a sixteenth note is a semiquaver. They
have two flags and look like this:
Rest and it's Silent Family

A whole rest marks 4 beats of silence.


It's worth 4 like a whole note, but you're
just silent.
The half rest is worth two beats of
silence and looks like this:
A quarter rest is worth the same
amount of time (1 beat) as a quarter
note. We just stay silent for one beat
whether we are playing or singing.
A sixteenth rest is 1/2 of an
eighth rest. Remember notes and
rests get their names from their
relationship to the whole note.
Music Tempo
The tempo in music is how fast or
slow the music is played.
Presto - very fast (168–200 bpm)
Allegro - fast, quickly and bright (120–168 bpm)
Moderato - moderately (108–120 bpm)
Andante - at a walking pace (76–108 bpm)
Adagio - slow and stately (66–76 bpm)
Largo - slowly (40–60 bpm)
RHYTHMIC
EXERCISES
DOTTED NOTES
A slur connects 2 or more notes
of different pitch.
A tie connects 2 or more notes of the
same pitch.
REPEAT MARK
ACCENTED NOTES

An accent gives emphasis to a


certain note.
A sharp added before a note raises its pitch by
½ step.
A flat added before a note lowers its pitch by ½
step.
A natural sign cancels the effects of flat/sharp.
Double sharp raises the pitch by 1 step.
Double flat lowers the pitch by 1 step.
KEY SIGNATURES
MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS

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