EXPLORE

This unit is about measurement and fundamental algebra. Measurement lets

you explore what it means to measure and how one knows when a
measurement is precise or accurate. Fundamental Algebra, on the other hand,
introduces you to the notations and rules in algebra. It discusses algebraic
expressions, polynomials, and the operations involving polynomials. Algebraic
expressions are useful in representing patterns and relationships.

In algebra you will encounter a lot of symbols like numbers and letters. What do
these numbers and letters represent? In the end of this unit you should be able
to answer, how can real-life problems involving measurements and algebraic
expressions be modeled and solved? 
 IRF SHEET
 Instruction: Complete the first part of the Initial Answer section of the worksheet below. You will
revisit this worksheet as you progress in this lesson. Read aloud what you’ve written.

INITIAL ANSWER
Measurements and Algebraic Expressions are used to…
___________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.
Real-life problems can be modeled and solved by…
___________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.

REVISED ANSWER
FINAL ANSWER
 LIFE WITHOUT A RULER

Question: How far is your bedroom

to the dining room?

Can you answer this question

without using a ruler, meterstick
tape measure, or other standard
measuring device? How?
Lesson 1

Measurements
 LEARNING TARGETS:
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:
1. illustrates what it means to measure
2. describes the development of measurement from the primitive
to the present international system of units.
3. converts measurements from one unit to another in both
Metric and English systems
Since time began, people have
always felt the need to measure
things around them. For ancient
civilizations, like the Babylonian
and Egyptian, it was important to
know the areas of fields, the
distance between two locations,
the number of livestock, and so
on. However, there was no
accuracy in the way things were
measured then.
Distances were judged by time, by eye, or by pace and sizes were
compared in terms of stones, trees or other objects common to their
surroundings
The units of measurements used in ancient times were chosen
for convenience than accuracy. Historical records indicate that
the first units of length were based on people’s hands, feet, and
arms. The hand, span, foot, and cubit appear in the early records
of Babylonians and Egyptians. Our Filipino ancestors, on the
other hand, used dangkal, dipa, hakbang, talampakan and
dakot.
Development of
Measurement and The
International System of Units
Measurement
finding a number that shows the size or amount of something

Example:

The distance between Manila and Batangas is 107 kilometers.

Traditional and Nonstandard Units of Measurements
making use of body parts or nonstandard objects for measurement

Example:
Span (dangkal)

It is the distance from the tip of the little

finger to the tip of the thumb of an
outstretched hand.
Traditional and Nonstandard Units of Measurements
making use of body parts or nonstandard objects for measurement

Example:
Palm

It is the the distance across the base of

the four fingers that form the palm.
Traditional and Nonstandard Units of Measurements
making use of body parts or nonstandard objects for measurement

Example:
Cubit

It is the distance from the tip of the

middle finger of an outstretched hand to
the front of the elbow.
Traditional and Nonstandard Units of Measurements
making use of body parts or nonstandard objects for measurement

Example:
Cubit

This unit of measure is also known as

the forearm length.
 HISTORICAL TRIVIA

In ancient times, a cubit is the

length of a pharaoh’s arm. The
Egyptian made extremely accurate
measurements in building the
Great Pyramid at Giza using the
cubit. In the Bible, the measures of
Noah’s ark were likewise given in
cubits.
Traditional and Nonstandard Units of Measurements
making use of body parts or nonstandard objects for measurement

Example:
Foot

It is the length of the foot.

Traditional and Nonstandard Units of Measurements
making use of body parts or nonstandard objects for measurement

Example:
Pace

It is the distance of one full step.

English System of Units
historical units of measurements used in medieval England

Example:

Length Mass/Weight Volume

inch (in) pound (lb) tablespoon (tbsp)
foot (ft) ounces (oz) teaspoons (tsp)
yard (yd) ton fluid ounces (fl oz)
mile (mi) pint (pt)
  quart (qt)
gallon (gal)
English System of Units
historical units of measurements used in medieval England

Types of English System of Units based on Location

• Imperial System – used in Great Britain

• US Customary System of Units – used in the United States

English System of Units
historical units of measurements used in medieval England

This system is mainly used by three countries today.

• United States
• Liberia
• Myanmar
International System of Units (SI) or Metric
System of Measurement
standard way of expressing measures used worldwide

Example:
The following are the seven base units under the SI units of
measurement:
1. Length – meter (m)
2. Mass – kilogram (kg)
3. Time – seconds (s)
International System of Units (SI) or Metric
System of Measurement
standard way of expressing measures used worldwide

Example:
The following are the seven base units under the SI units of
measurement:

4. Amount of a substance – mole (mol)

5. Electric current – ampere (A)
International System of Units (SI) or Metric
System of Measurement
standard way of expressing measures used worldwide

Example:
The following are the seven base units under the SI units of
measurement:

6. Temperature – kelvin (K)

7. Luminous Intensity – candela (cd)
 ACTIVITY: SEQUENCING
Instructions: Write a sentence from the development of measurement. Draw a picture of non-
standard unit of measurement.
FIRST
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
NEXT
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
LAST
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
________________________________________
TYPES OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
TYPES OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
TYPES OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
TYPES OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
TYPES OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
 Let’s Practice
Example 1: Which of the following is not an SI unit of
measurement?
a. kilometer c. ounce
b. milligram d. mol
 Let’s Practice
Example 1: Which of the following is not an SI unit of
measurement?
a. kilometer c. ounce
b. milligram d. Mol
Solution:
Let us identify the system of measurement at which the
following choices are under.

a. Kilometer is an SI unit of distance.

b. Milligram is an SI unit of mass.
 Let’s Practice
Example 1: Which of the following is not an SI unit of
measurement?
a. kilometer c. ounce
b. milligram d. Mol
Solution:
Let us identify the system of measurement at which the
following choices are under.

c. Ounce is an English System unit of mass.

d. Mol is an SI unit for measuring the amount of a substance.
 Let’s Practice
Example 1: Which of the following is not an SI unit of
measurement?
a. kilometer c. ounce
b. milligram d. Mol
Solution:

Thus, ounce is the only measurement in the choices that is

not an SI unit.
Let’s Practice
Example 2: If you want to measure your height using the
metric system, what unit of measurement will you use?
 Let’s Practice
Example 2: If you want to measure your height using the
metric system, what unit of measurement will you use?

Solution:
Finding the height of a person implies using length as a way
of measuring.

Thus, we need to use the base unit in measuring the length

of an object, which is meter.
Conversion of
Measurements
Conversion of Units
the conversion between different units of measurement for the same quantity, which involves multiplication of
division by a numerical factor.

Example:

To convert 2 kilometers to meters, we multiply 2 km by 1 000 m.

Conversion Factors
usually are provided in the conversion charts or tables; used for converting units of measurements

Example:

The following tables on the next slides contains some of the

most commonly used conversion factors.
Conversion Factors
usually are provided in the conversion charts or tables; used for converting units of measurements
Conversion Factors
usually are provided in the conversion charts or tables; used for converting units of measurements
Conversion Factors
usually are provided in the conversion charts or tables; used for converting units of measurements
Conversion Factors
usually are provided in the conversion charts or tables; used for converting units of measurements
Conversion Factors
usually are provided in the conversion charts or tables; used for converting units of measurements
 Let’s Practice
Example 1: Convert 3 feet to inches.
 Let’s Practice
Example 1: Convert 3 feet to inches.
Solution:

1. Identify the conversion factor to be used.

2. Set up the conversion factor as a fraction to be multiplied

by the given, such that the same units will be cancelled
out.
 Let’s Practice
Example 1: Convert 3 feet to inches.

Solution:

3. Multiply the fractions and copy the remaining unit.

 
Therefore, 3 feet is equivalent to 36 inches.
Let’s Practice
Example 2: Convert 1 200 meters to kilometers.
 Let’s Practice
Example 2: Convert 1 200 meters to kilometers.
Solution:

1. Identify the conversion factor to be used.

2. Set up the conversion factor as a fraction to be multiplied

by the given, such that the same units will be cancelled
out.
 Let’s Practice
Example 2: Convert 1 200 meters to kilometers.
Solution:

3. Multiply the fractions and copy the remaining unit.

 
Therefore, 1 200 meters is equivalent to 1.2 km.
 TRY THIS!

Convert each quantity to the indicated unit.

1. 5 feet = __________ inches

2. 32 ounces = __________ pounds
3. 3 quarts = __________ cups
4. 2.5 dekameters = __________ meters
5. 1 840 milligrams = __________ hectograms
 TRY THIS!

Convert each quantity to the indicated unit.

6. 0.12 kiloliters = __________ deciliters

7. 4 miles = __________ kilometers
8. 3 pounds = __________ kilograms
9. 3 years = __________ months
10. 40 years = __________ scores
 TRY THIS!

Convert each quantity to the indicated unit.

11.
12.