Scribd
Upload
51 views24 pages

Lecture No 6 - Telecommunication & Networking

The document discusses telecommunication and networking. It defines telecommunication as the exchange of information over networks in various forms. A network connects two or more computers and the main types are local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). Networks provide benefits like information sharing, hardware sharing, software sharing, and collaborative environments. The document also discusses communication mediums, wired and wireless channels, network topologies like bus, ring and star, transmission protocols, how data is transmitted in serial/parallel and simplex/half-duplex/full-duplex modes.

Uploaded by

BASEERAT RAFIQ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
51 views24 pages

Lecture No 6 - Telecommunication & Networking

The document discusses telecommunication and networking. It defines telecommunication as the exchange of information over networks in various forms. A network connects two or more computers and the main types are local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). Networks provide benefits like information sharing, hardware sharing, software sharing, and collaborative environments. The document also discusses communication mediums, wired and wireless channels, network topologies like bus, ring and star, transmission protocols, how data is transmitted in serial/parallel and simplex/half-duplex/full-duplex modes.

Uploaded by

BASEERAT RAFIQ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

Lecture no 6

Faiza Javaid
Telecommunication &
Networking
What is Telecommunication?

The exchange of information in any form (voice, data,


text, images, audio, video) over networks
What is Network?
• A Network is simply two or more computers that are linked together.
• The most common types of networks are:
• Local Area Networks (LAN’s).
• Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN’s).
• Wide Area Networks (WAN’s).
Types of Networks
• Local Area Networks (LAN) – connects computers and devices in a
limited geographical area.
• Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN) – a communications network
converging a city or a suburb.
• Wide Area Networks (WAN) – a communications network that cover a
wide geographical area, such as a country or the world.
Benefits of Network
Information Sharing:
• Authorized users can use other computers on the network to access and
share information and data.
• This could include special group projects, databases, etc.
Hardware Sharing:
• One device connected to a network, such as a printer or scanner, can be
shared by many users.
Benefits of Network
Software Sharing:
• Instead of purchasing and installing a software program on each computer,
it can be installed on the server.
• All of the users can then access the program from a single location.
Collaborative Environment:
• Users can work together on group projects by combining the power and
capabilities of diverse equipment.
Communication medium
• To transfer data from one computer to another requires some type of link
through which the data can be transmitted. This link is knows as the
communication channel.
• To send data through the channel requires some type of transmission
media, which may be either physical or wireless.
Wired Communications Channels
Twisted–Pair Cable:
• Consist of two independently insulated wires twisted around each other.
• Least expensive type of cable.
• The kind that is used in many telephone systems.
Wired Communications Channels
Coaxial Cable:
• Insulated copper wire wrapped in a solid or braided metal shield, then in
an external cover.
• The primary type of cabling used by the cable television industry.
• It is more expensive then twisted-pair.
Wired Communications Channels
Fiber–Optic Cable:
• Dozens or hundreds of thin stand of glass or plastic that transmit
pulsating beams of light rather then electricity.
• Unaffected by random electromagnetic interference.
• Lighter and more durable than twisted-pair and & coaxial cable.
Wireless Communications Channels
• Infrared Transmission – The transmission of data signals using infrared-
light waves.
Wireless Communications Channels
• Bluetooth – A short-range wireless digital standard aimed at linking
cellphones, PDA’s, computers, & peripherals up to distance of 30 feet.
Wireless Communications Channels
• Wi-Fi – A short-range wireless digital standard aimed at helping
machines inside offices to communicate at high speeds and share internet
connections at distances up to 300 feet.
Wireless Communications Channels
• HomeRF – A separate, incompatible standard designed to network up to
10 PC’s & peripherals as far as 150 feet apart.
Wireless Communications Channels
• Broadcast Radio – A wireless transmission medium that sends data over
long distances between regions, states, or countries.
Topologies
Bus Topology:
• One in which all communications are connected to common channel.
Topologies
Ring Topology:
• One in which all microcomputers and other communications devices are
connected in a continuous loop.
Topologies
Star Topology:
• One in which all microcomputers and other communications devices are
connected to central server.
Topologies
Mesh Topology:
• Its consists of a network where every device on the network is physically
connected to every other device on the network.
Network/Communication protocol
• Protocols – A set
of conventions
governing the
exchange of data
between hardware
and / or software
components in a
communications
networks.
How data is transmitted?
Line Configurations:
• Point-to-point Line – Directly connects the sending & receiving
devices.

• Multipoint Line – A single line that interconnects several


communications devices to one computer.
How data is transmitted?
• Serial vs. Parallel Transmission:
• Serial Data Transmission – Bits are transmitted sequentially, one after
the other.

• Parallel Data Transmission – Bits are transmitted through separate lines


simultaneously.
Direction of Transmission
• Simplex Transmission – Data travels in a single direction only.

• Half-Duplex Transmission – Data travels in either direction but only


one way at a time.

• Full-Duplex Transmission – Data travels in both directions, both ways


at the same time.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy