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2 Theories On The Origin of The Solar System

Here are the key points about why terrestrial planets are solid while gas giants are gaseous: - Terrestrial planets like Earth, Mars, Venus and Mercury formed close to the Sun where temperatures were high enough (around 2200°F) to vaporize light elements like hydrogen and helium. This allowed heavier elements like iron and silicates to condense and dominate their composition. - Gas giants like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune formed farther from the Sun where temperatures were low enough for light gases like hydrogen and helium to condense along with some ice giants before planet formation began. These gases dominate their composition. - So in summary, the higher temperatures near the Sun during planetary formation caused light

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73 views23 pages

2 Theories On The Origin of The Solar System

Here are the key points about why terrestrial planets are solid while gas giants are gaseous: - Terrestrial planets like Earth, Mars, Venus and Mercury formed close to the Sun where temperatures were high enough (around 2200°F) to vaporize light elements like hydrogen and helium. This allowed heavier elements like iron and silicates to condense and dominate their composition. - Gas giants like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune formed farther from the Sun where temperatures were low enough for light gases like hydrogen and helium to condense along with some ice giants before planet formation began. These gases dominate their composition. - So in summary, the higher temperatures near the Sun during planetary formation caused light

Uploaded by

Jessa Mae Gastar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Theories on the Origin of the

Solar System
Theories on
Learning Goals:

1.
Origin of the
Identify the different hypotheses explaining the origin
of the solar system.

Solar System
Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO
Models of Solar System
1. Geocentric model
– introduced by Claudius Ptolemy.
- Earth is the center of the solar system.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Geocentric model

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Models of Solar System
2. Heliocentric Model (Coppernican theory) –
Proposed by Nicholaus Coppernicus where sun
is the center of the solar system.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Heliocentric Model

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Fundamental Question:

Which was formed first:


Planets or Stars?
Theories on the Origin of Solar System

1. Nebular Hypothesis
- Proposed by Immanuel Kant and Pierre -Simon
Laplace
- States that the solar system began as
interstellar clouds called “nebula.” Gravitational
attraction between particles of nebula caused
them to start moving and collide, and they are
held together by electrostatic forces.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Nebular Hypothesis

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Theories on the Origin of Solar System

2. Planetisimal and Tidal Theories


- Proposed by Chrowder Chamberlin and Forest
Ray Moulton.
- When a star passed near the sun, it created
tides and causing materials to be ejected. These
smaller masses quickly cooled and became
“planetisimals,” which has undergone accretion
and later formed protoplanets, and later,
planets.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO
Protoplanet Theory
- Proposed by Cal von Weizacker and Gerald
Kuiper.
- Is a modified version of Planetisimal Theory
- States the dense nebula and gaseous matter
surrounding it ceased to rotate uniformly,
thus the nebula broke into whirlpools of gas
within a rotating mass called “protoplanets.”

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


why are terrestrial planets smaller
than gas giants?
• According to Harold Urey, the terrestrial
planets have temperature of ̴2200 degree F
which is high enough to drive off gasses like
H2 and He, but low enough to allow the
condensation of iron and silica.

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO
Life On Earth
How much do you know
about earth?

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


• Life started 4.5 billion years ago.
• Water and sunlight played an
important role to support the four
subsystems
Sources of Water
- VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
-MELTING OF ICY METEORS
Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO
How can earth support water
in liquid form?
• Earth can support water because it is
located at the HABITABLE ZONE

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


MOTIONS OF THE EARTH

• SIDEREAL DAY – 360 degrees rotation


of the earth (23 hrs. 56 min)
• SOLAR DAY – noon to noon rotation
(24 hrs)

Silay Institute ǁ Since 1925 Presentation by: Ms. JOSELYN C. VALENCIANO


Quiz Time!
1. The Geocentric theory proposed by
Ptolemy was one of the earliest model of
the solar system. It came from words
“geo” and “center”. Based on this, what is
the center of the solar system?
a. air b. fire c. earthd. sun
2. Heliocentric model of the solar system is
being used today by scientists to describe the
solar system. What is the center of the solar
system?
a. air b. fire c. earthd. sun
3. What theory believes that everything in the
solar system came from interstellar clouds?
a. Nebular hypothesis
b. Protoplanet theory
c. Planetisimal an tidal theories
4. This theory explains that nebula ejected
from the sun started to create a whirlpool of
gas, accumulating dusts towards its center
forming the “protoplanets”?
(Refer to choices in number 3)
5. Earth is by far the only planet in the solar
system proven to support life. What is its
natural resource that is very important for us
humans to survive?
a. Water
b. Food sources
c. plants used in making cloth
6. Another feature of the earth that enables it
to support life is its strategic distance from the
sun, which makes the temperature bearable
to the biosphere. This zone is called ________.
a. Strategic zone
b. Habitable zone
c. Bearable zone
7. If a person asks you how many hours does it
take for the earth to complete it’s rotation,
you know that it is not 24 hours for the earth
has to adjust by 4 minutes to complete it.
What do you call the day caused by 360 0
rotation of the earth?
a. Solar day b. Lunar day c. sidereal day

8-10. explain why terrestrial planets are solid


while gas giants are gaseous.

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