Inflow Performance

Vertical Lift Performance

November, 2020

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
INFLOW PERFORMANCE

SIBHP
Vogel ?

Productivity
PI (bpd/psi)

BHP (psi)

Q (bpd)

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
INFLOW PERFORMANCE

SIBHP

Productivity
PI (bpd/psi)

BHP (psi)

Q (bpd)

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
INFLOW PERFORMANCE

SIBHP

FBHP
Productivity
PI (bpd/psi)

BHP (psi)

Q
Q (bpd)

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
INFLOW PERFORMANCE

SIBHP

Productivity
PI (bpd/psi)

FBHP f (fluids, T, Ø, k, h, Skin)

BHP (psi)

Q
Q (bpd)

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
OUTFLOW PERFORMANCE

Hagedorn & Brown ?

Duns & Ross ?
Beggs & Brill ?
etc.,etc….

BHP (psi)

Q (bpd)

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
OUTFLOW PERFORMANCE

BHP (psi)

Q (bpd)

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
OUTFLOW PERFORMANCE

FBHP

BHP (psi)

Q
Q (bpd)

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FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

WELL SYSTEM
OUTFLOW PERFORMANCE

f ( fluids, T, conduit, THP)

FBHP

BHP (psi)

Q
Q (bpd)

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 FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

RESERVOIR WELL SYSTEM

INFLOW PERFORMANCE OUTFLOW PERFORMANCE

f (fluids, T, Ø, k, h, Skin) f ( fluids, T, conduit, THP)

BHP (psi)
BHP (psi)

Q (bpd) Q (bpd)

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 FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
BHP (psi)

Q
Q (bpd)

NATURALLY FLOWING WELL

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 FUNDAMENTALS - SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

TECHNICAL ROLE of ARTIFICIAL LIFT

BHP (psi)

BHP (psi)
?

Q
Q (bpd) Q (bpd)

NATURALLY FLOWING WELL DEAD WELL

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 TECHNICAL ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL LIFT

SYSTEM CURVE
(REQUIRED LIFT)
BHP (psi)

BHP (psi)
?

Q
Q (bpd) Q (bpd)

NATURALLY FLOWING WELL DEAD WELL

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 LIFT GENERATION

LIFT (psi)
ESP PERFORMANCE CURVE
ESP (ACHIEVABLE LIFT)

Q (bpd)

AKA: Pump Curve

Catalogue Curve
Published Curve
Tornado Curve 14
 LIFT GENERATION

LIFT (psi)
ESP PERFORMANCE CURVE
ESP (ACHIEVABLE LIFT)

SYSTEM CURVE
(REQUIRED LIFT)

Q
Q (bpd)

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BHP (psi)
ALTERNATIVE MEANS TO ACHIEVE FLOW

Q (bpd)

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 ALTERNATIVE MEANS TO ACHIEVE FLOW

RESERVOIR PRESSURE SUPPORT

e.g. Water Injection

BHP (psi)

PWRI
Gas Injection

Q
Q (bpd)

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BHP (psi)
ALTERNATIVE MEANS TO ACHIEVE FLOW

Q (bpd)

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 ALTERNATIVE MEANS TO ACHIEVE FLOW

RESERVOIR STIMULATION

e.g. Re-perforation
BHP (psi)

Acidisation
Fraccing
Chemicals
Heat

Q
Q (bpd)

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BHP (psi)
ALTERNATIVE MEANS TO ACHIEVE FLOW

Q (bpd)

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 ALTERNATIVE MEANS TO ACHIEVE FLOW

MODIFY DENSITY - GASLIFT

MODIFY VISCOSITY - CHEMICALS

BHP (psi)

INCREASE TUBING SIZE

REDUCE TUBING FRICTION

REDUCE F/L PRESURE

Q
Q (bpd)

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 TECHNICAL ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL LIFT
(pressure vs. depth)

CITHP FLP Pressure

Static Liquid Level

Gradient

?
Depth
P(res)

DEAD WELL

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 TECHNICAL ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL LIFT
(pressure vs. depth)

CITHP FLP Pressure FLP Pressure

Static Liquid Level

Gradient

Gradient

Pump

? Drawdown
Depth Depth
P(res) P(res)

DEAD WELL PUMP LIFTED WELL

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 TECHNICAL ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL LIFT
(pressure vs. depth)

CITHP FLP Pressure FLP Pressure FLP Pressure

Static Liquid Level Gradient

Gradient (reduced)

Gradient

Pump Gas Injection

? Drawdown Drawdown
Depth Depth Depth
P(res) P(res) P(res)

DEAD WELL PUMP LIFTED WELL GASLIFTED WELL

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 Vertical Lift Performance

Vertical Lift Performance curve is a relationship between the flow rate and the
pressure.

VLP curve shows how much pressure required to lift a certain amount of fluid to the
surface at the given well head pressure.

VLP curve is used in Well Nodal Analysis PQplot software for production systems
design, analysis and optimization. 25
Math and Physics
This is a wellbore schematic. We have the reservoir, perforations,
bottomhole, completion string and the wellhead.

The depth of the well is h. The two pressure points of importance

are flowing bottom hole pressure FBHP and flowing well head
pressure FWHP.

To build the VLP curve we need to calculate the bottom hole

pressure given the well head pressure for the different well rates in
a range form 0 to AOF.

To do it we need to solve the Energy balance equation.

This equation relates the pressure to the distance for the given
mass.

It has 3 terms: Gravity, Friction and Kinetic.

To find the required lift pressure we need to integrate this equation

over the fluid’s travel distance.

All available VLP correlations are solving the same equation.

The differences are usually in the way how the friction term is
calculated. 26
 Oil and Gas Well Correlations
This is a wellbore schematic. We have the reservoir, perforations,
bottomhole, completion string and the wellhead.

The depth of the well is h. The two pressure points of importance

are flowing bottom hole pressure FBHP and flowing well head
pressure FWHP.

To build the VLP curve we need to calculate the bottom hole

pressure given the well head pressure for the different well rates in
a range form 0 to AOF.

To do it we need to solve the Energy balance equation.

https://wiki.pengtools.com/index.php?title=Hagedorn_and_Brown_correlation

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