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Weather Tools PPT

This document describes several common weather instruments and how they work: - Thermometers measure air temperature using liquid expansion from heat. - Barometers, first invented by Torricelli, measure air pressure. - Psychrometers measure relative humidity using two thermometers, one with a wet cloth. - Anemometers measure wind speed using spinning cups, and wind vanes measure direction. - Rain gauges measure rainfall amounts. Weather balloons and satellites observe conditions at higher altitudes and larger scales to help predict the weather.

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405 views23 pages

Weather Tools PPT

This document describes several common weather instruments and how they work: - Thermometers measure air temperature using liquid expansion from heat. - Barometers, first invented by Torricelli, measure air pressure. - Psychrometers measure relative humidity using two thermometers, one with a wet cloth. - Anemometers measure wind speed using spinning cups, and wind vanes measure direction. - Rain gauges measure rainfall amounts. Weather balloons and satellites observe conditions at higher altitudes and larger scales to help predict the weather.

Uploaded by

conwena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Weather Instruments

A Thermometer
measures air temperature.
A Thermometer works because
matter expands when heated.
Most thermometers are closed
glass tubes containing liquids
such as alcohol. When air
around the tube heats the
liquid, the liquid expands and
moves up the tube. A scale
then shows the actual
temperature of the air.
Thermometers

This also has a Hygrometer,


which measures humidity.
A Barometer
measures air pressure.
An Italian scientist
named Torricelli built
the first barometer in
1643. People still use
barometers based on
Torricelli's design to
measure air pressure.
Barometers

Torricelli’s Barometer
A Psychrometer
measures relative humidity.
Two thermometers are
used in a Psychrometer.
A wet cloth covers the end
of one of the
thermometers. Water
evaporates from this cloth,
causing the temperature
on that thermometer to be
different from the other.
A Psychrometer
If the surrounding air is dry, more
moisture evaporates from the wick,
cooling the wet-bulb thermometer
more so there is a greater difference
between the temperatures of the two
thermometers. If the surrounding air
holds as much moisture as possible -
if the relative humidity is 100% -
there is no difference between the two
temperatures.
Psychrometers

One of these bulbs


should have a piece See the wet “wick”
of wet cheesecloth on it. on one of these bulbs.
An Anemometer
measures wind speed.
The cups catch the wind,
turning a dial attached to
the instrument. The dial
shows the wind speed.
Wind speed can be
estimated without special
tools by observation.
Anemometers
A Windsock
is used at airports to indicate wind
direction for takeoffs and landings.
They help the
pilots select the
proper runway
so that they can
take off and
land into the
wind.
Windsocks
A Wind Vane is used to measure
wind direction.
It spins on a rod
and points in
the direction
from which
the wind
comes.
Wind Vanes

Most airport Wind Vanes have Anemometers also.


A Hygrometer
is an instrument used to
measure the humidity of the air.
A mechanical
Hygrometer
uses human or
horse hairs
which stretch as
they absorb
moisture.
Hygrometers
A Rain Gauge is used to measure
amount of rainfall.
An official Rain Gauge
consists of a large
cylinder with a funnel
and a smaller
measuring tube inside.
Rain Gauges
A Weather Balloon
measures weather conditions higher in
the atmosphere.
Measures
temperature, air
pressure, wind
speed and direction
Weather Balloons

Sometimes weather balloons


land in the oddest places!
A Weather Satellite
is able to photograph, track, and
measure the conditions of large-
scale air movements.

A meteorologist then
compiles and analyzes
the data with the help
of computers.

NOAA weather satellite launched in 2005.


Weather Satellites

NOOA-M measures information about Earth


radiation, sea and land surface temperature,
atmospheric vertical temperature, water vapor,
and ozone in the troposphere and stratosphere.
Tiros 1 - 1965

Weather Satellite
Image

First usuable Tiros 1 image


Weather Prediction
All these instruments are used by
meteorologists to report the current
and predict the future weather.

The End.

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