FUTURE

TENSES
MADE BY: МИХАЕЛА СТАНИЌ - AJK
PAST PRES FUTURE
ENT
STRUCTURE in the affirmative statements FUTURE SIMPLE
Will + base of the main verb
S. + will + base of the main verb for all persons
I will tell her about the disagreement.
My friend will turn off the radio.
STRUCTURE in the interrogative form in the negative form, this tense uses the auxiliary verb WILL (the aux. v. denotes the
tense)
in the interrogative form
Aux. v. + Subject + base of the main verb : Will the students pass their exam?
Will John believe the rumors?
What will the students pass?
What will John believe?
I will give him a call tomorrow. Will you also give him a call tomorrow? When will you give him a call?
He will do the errands next week. Will he do the errands next week? When will he do the errands?
STRUCTURE in the negative statements and negative interrogative (short and long form):
I will not do the laundry tonight. / I won’t do the laundry tonight. / Won’t I do the laundry tonight? / Will I not do the laundry
tonight?
FUTURE SIMPLE USES
1. For on-the-spot decisions: It’s cold. I will turn on the heating.
2. For future predictions based on what we believe or imagine will happen (usually
with the verbs: hope, think, believe, expect, imagine etc; with the expressions: I’m
sure, I’m afraid, etc; with the adverbs: probably, perhaps, etc.): I expect Tom will
enjoy being retired. / I’m afraid Kelly will lose her job.
3. For promises (usually with the verbs promise, swear, etc.), threats, warnings, hopes,
offers: I promise we will go on holiday next year. / If you’re late for work again, I
will tell your manager. / You should finish that report today or your boss will be
angry. / He hopes his manager will approve his leave. / We will give you a pay rise.
4. For actions/events/situations which will definitely happen in the future which we
cannot control: She will be twenty next month.
COMPARISON OF USES OF PRESENT SIMPLE, PAST
PAST SIMPLE
SIMPLE AND
PRESENT SIMPLE
FUTURE SIMPLE
General characteristics: Humans lived in
1.
FUTURE SIMPLE
1. General characteristics: referring to the
1. General characteristics: Humans live in caves.
future: Humans will go extinct.
communities. Dogs bark. 2. Habits in the past: He drank tea for breakfast
every morning./ He used to drink tea every 2. Habits/Routines in the future: At night
2. Habits: He drinks tea for breakfast every
morning. Routines in the past: He would drink when he’s tired, he will often read a book.
morning. Routines: I always wake up at 7
tea in the morning; He would wake up around 3. Future general truth: Average temperature
am 7 in the morning. will rise. The next decade will be warmer.
3. General truths/facts: Some people are 3. Truths/facts in the Past: Some people panicked
4. Laws of nature/the universe referring to
afraid of spiders. when the lion approached the glass of the cage.
4. Laws of nature/the universe:  the future: Water boils at 100 degrees
4. Laws of nature/the universe: Water boils at
5. Talking about smth which was regarded as now, but in the future, water will boil at
100⁰ C/The Earth spins and goes around
permanent in the past : I lived in Bitola. 110 degrees.
the Sun. 6. Time schedule:  / when referring to past 5. Talking about smth regarded as
5. Talking about smth regarded as permanent: schedule, speaker usually uses other
permanent in the future: He will continue
I live in Bitola. structures/tenses: E.g.: At that time there was a
9 o’clock bus. At that time the bus departure to live in Bitola.
6. Time schedule: Hurry up! The bus leaves at
time was 9 o’clock… 6. Time schedule: The bus will leave at 10
10.
7. Giving instructions/recipes/prescriptions:  / pm.
7. Giving instructions/recipes/prescriptions: when referring to past schedule, speaker 7. Giving instructions/recipes/prescriptions:
You take this medicine twice a day./ You usually uses other structures/tenses: E.g.: He
You will take a left turn after driving 200
first roll out the dough and then cut it into was instructed to take the medicine twice a
day. m. / Now, we will carefully apply the
12 pieces.
8. About something written in a book: What is cream to the rash. / We will bake in the
8. Reporting on a book we have read: The
the book about? What does it say? The book is preheated oven until golden, 3 to 5
book is about a family of two parents and
on insects, and it says that people think that minutes then we will remove it from the
two daughters who live in a cottage far spiders are insects, but they are not. / as an
oven and spread tomato sauce on top.
away from the city. As an option, you can option you can switch to Past when referring to
8. Reporting on a book we have read: The
 FURTHER COMPARISON OF USES
PRESENT SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE
9. Telling jokes/ anecdotes: - A Telling jokes/ anecdotes: - What
9. Telling jokes/ anecdotes: Why 9.
grasshopper walks into a bar and
orders a pint of beer. The did the old man fall in a well? - will one wall say to the other wall? -
bartender says, “You are famous Because he couldn’t see that I’ll meet you at the corner!
around here – we have got a drink well! 10. Documentaries referring to the future:
named after you.” And the 10. Documentaries: … He got Unfortunately, he isn’t aware that he
grasshopper says, “Really? You poisoned by his best friend and will soon get poisoned and die.
have got a drink called Steve?” died… 11. Sport commentaries referring to the
10. Documentaries: … He gets 11. Sport commentaries: The ball future: The ball hits the net and they
poisoned by his best friend and
hits the net and they lose a lose a point. Let’s hope that they will
dies…
11. Sport commentaries: The ball hits point. What a disappointment play better in their next match.
the net and they lose a point. after the last match when they 12. Presenting an experiment: Using a
What a disappointment after the lost a point in the same way as sharp knife, I will now slice the
last match when they lost a point they did today. cabbage leaves. I will place the
in the same way as they did today. 12. Presenting an experiment: We cabbage leaves in the plastic bottle and
12. Presenting an experiment: We fill fill the tube with distilled water half fill the bottle with hot water. Then,
the tube with distilled water and
and we add 0.5 gram of this I will screw the lid on tightly.
we add 0.5 gram of this
substance. We cover it with a substance. Last time we did not 13. In Open conditional clauses: If you eat
plate and… cover the plate, but now we a lot of fast food, you will gain weight.
13. Past event / to place a dramatic have to because of...
accent on the event: I walk into 13. Past event / to place a dramatic
the shop and I see this man with a accent on the event: I walked
beer in his hands… into the shop and I saw that
14. In Open conditional clauses: If
man with a beer in his hands…
you do not answer one question,
you will lose one point only. (adding interjections and
exclamations)
 Future Simple Tense of To BE
I will be
He/She/It will be
You/We/You/They will be

Time expressions used with the future

I will + base of the main verb + noun/adjective/adverb simple: tomorrow, the day after
tomorrow, the following day, next
He/She/It will + base of the main verb + noun/adjective/adverb
week/month/year, tonight, soon, in a
You/We/You/They will + base of the main verb + noun/adjective/adverb
week/month/year, etc.

The interrogative form is structured by using inversion:

Will I + base of the main verb…
Will he/she/it + base of the main verb…
Will you/we/you/they + base of the main verb…
FUTURE CONTINUOUS/PROGERSSIVE TENSE
STRUCTURE
For ALL continuous tenses the base of the main verb takes the suffix ~ing i.e. it is used in its present participle
form
 AUX. V. to Be in Future Simple Tense: will be after the Subject of the sentence

Subject + will be + present participle (verb –ing)

We will be meeting her new boss next week. We will not be meeting her new boss next week.
Interrogative form> Inversion We won’t be meeting her new boss next week.
Will we be meeting her new boss next week?
Will we not be meeting her new boss next week?
Won’t we be meeting her new boss next week?
 USES of FUTURE CONTINUOUS

1. Action which will be in progress at a stated future time: This time next week, I will be working as a tour
guide.
2. An activity in progress over an extended period in the future: I will be staying at my grandmother’s house
over the weekend.
3. Actions which will definitely happen in the future as a result of a routine or arrangement: I will be seeing the
manager for a meeting on Tuesday.
4. Exceptions from the habitual activities in the past: He usually doesn’t condone such behavior, but this time he
will be making an exception.
5. Sports commentaries: He is passing the ball to Smith… And look at him… he is running like a puma as fast as
he was running in the match with “The Bears”. Next time, he will be joining his teammates in their final
match.
6. Temporary situation in the future: He will be staying in Skopje for a few days.
7. Describing a scene within a book/movie (in the future): In the next chapter, they will all be hanging out
together again.
8. When we ask politely about someone’s plans for the near future (to see if they can do something for us or
because we want to offer to do something for them): Will you be using the computer for long? I need to type
TIME MODALITY ASPECT TENSES
PRESENT FUTURE SIMPLE 12 GRAMMATICAL TENSES
PAST CONTINUOUS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
PERFECT
PERFECT CONTINUOUS

FUTURE PERFECT STRUCTURE

FUTURE + PERFECT ASPECT
have in Future Simple (will have) + Past Participle (-ed/3 column from the List of irr. verbs)

He will have finished his interview by 3 o’clock.

I will have done the dishes by the time you come back.
The meeting will have ended by 4:30.
Stefan will have emptied his desk by the end of the day.
 FUTURE PERFECT STRUCTURE

AUX. VERB HAVE IN FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE + PAST PARTICIPLE OF MAIN VERB

have in Future Simple (WILL HAVE) + Past Participle (-ed/List of irr. verbs) (watchED/seeN)

He will have finished his interview by 3 o’clock.

I will have done the dishes by the time you come back.
The meeting will have ended by 4:30.
Stefan will have emptied his desk by the end of the day.
 FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE USE:
1. Actions that will have finished before a stated time in the future: She will have finished her homework by 7
pm.
2. An activity that will occur before some other future activity: We will have left by the time they come back.
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Aux. verb BE in Future Perfect Simple Tense + Present Participle of main verb
WILL HAVE BEEN base of main verb+ ing
By the time she graduates college, she will have been studying French for ten years.
He will have been watching TV for 6 hours.
He will have been coaching her for seven years by the end of spring.

- The interrogative/negative interrogative form is structured by using inversion:

Will he have been coaching her for seven years by the end of spring?
Won’t he have been coaching her for seven years by the end of spring?
Will he not have been coaching her for seven years by the end of spring?
- Negative form:
He will not have been coaching her for seven years by the end of spring. / He won’t have been coaching her for
seven years by the end of spring.
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
USE:
1.To emphasize the duration of an action up to a certain time in the future (often used with: by…for): By the
time I finish this book, I will have been reading it for 5 hours.
FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE VS FUTURE
PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

Time expressions used with the future perfect and the future perfect
continuous: before, by, by then, by the time, until/till, etc.
NOTE: Until/Till are normally used with future perfect only in negative
sentences!