Human Resource Management: DR Ravikiran Dwivedula
Human Resource Management: DR Ravikiran Dwivedula
Dr Ravikiran Dwivedula
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
Employee Retention
HR planning
Recruitment & Selection Organization goals Compensation Career Planning & Management Quality of Work life & Motivation
Organization goals
How do you get There? What kind of people Do we have right now? (knowledge+ Skills+ Attitude What kind of people do we need (GAP Analysis; retirements, Attrition)
How do we get the best people suited To the job to apply (online job postings; Referrals) How do you select the right people (tests+GD+personal Interview)
HR planning
Job Analysis
Grievance Handling
Job Description What is it To be done? Job requirementsWhat kind of People do we need for this job
Performance Appraisal
Employee Retention
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
Definition of HRM
Strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organizations most valued assetsthe people working there who individually and collectively contribute to the achievement of its objectives
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
Definition of HRM
HRM comprises of those activities designed to provide for and coordinate the resources of an organization
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
Functions of HRM
HRM is important for organizations because Different people working in the organization have a different set of values, attitudes, beliefsTHEREFORE THEY MAY NOT TOTALLY AGREE WITH EACH OTHER ALL THE TIME!
Motivational needs are not the same for all the employeesTHEREFORE INDIVIDUAL ASPIRATIONS HAVE TO BE IDENTIFIED
Expectations of todays employees are very differentfinding the right employees and retaining them is a challengeTHEREFORE RIGHT TALENT HAS TO BE NURTURED IN THE ORGANIZATION
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
MANAGERIAL
OPERATIVE
PLANNING
ORGANIZING
STAFFING
DIRECTING
CONTROLLING
EMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS OF HRM
Never Settle for the Best! GOOGLE
PLANNING
Foresee the changes in the employees attitudes/ customers & identify ways of effectively dealing with them
PageRank technology And Hyper-text matching Analysis to ensure most Relevant pages end up At the top!...constant Improvement of the technology
ORGANIZING
Creating an organization
Informal work environment Recreational facilities Eateries3-4 people sit In clusterssaves the heater bills! structure
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS OF HRM STAFFING Obtaining & maintaining competent people at all levels in the organization
At Googlethe focus is on Tech competency and diversity So your CV should have a list of ur Major accomplishmentsawards, ProjectsHAVE YOU WORKED WHILE YOU STUDIEDshows ur ability to Cope with pressure!
DIRECTING
Coordination between different departments to ensure maximum utilization of resources
Project based organization StructureCustomized to the Local cultureFlat and therefore Quicker decision making
CONTROLLING
Comparing the performance against a baseline
Training program evaluations, employee performance audits, exit interviews Can be examples
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
JOB ANALYSIS
INDUCTION
HR PLANNING
EMPLOYMENT
PLACEMENT
RECRUITMENT
SELECTION
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
EMPLOYMENT JOB ANALYSIS: Mapping Job Requirements to an individuals skills & motives Involves preparation of Job Description (what kind of job) and Job specification (what kind of person fits the job) What kind of job & people do I want!
Taking stock of existing manpower inventory by taking into account attrition, downsizing, retirements, Sabbaticals How to develop the required HR pool
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
EMPLOYMENT RECRUITMENT: Its all about encouraging the candidates to apply for the job! What are the current sources of applicants in the organization Developing new source of applicants Encouraging & Attracting candidates to apply Deciding the recruitment procedure (online, referrals, advertise)
How do I reach out to The kind of people that I want!
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
EMPLOYMENT SELECTION: Its all about selecting the right candidate for the job! Scanning the applications + CVs
Developing suitable techniques to chose the candidates (tests + GD + Interview) Evaluating the candidate and fixing their salaries + benefits Informing all the candidates about the results Employing the selected candidates
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
EMPLOYMENT PLACEMENT:
How do I make sure that They adapt to the Organization!
Candidate accepts the job A mentor is assigned to the candidate Follow-up study on how well the candidate has adjusted to the new job and the organization
INDUCTION: Getting the employee acquainted with the new job, organization, its culture, colleagues, practicesprocedures, responsibilities. Can be formal.or Informal..is ongoing at least in the first few days!
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT Process of training & developing the employees to improve their knowledge, skills, and attitude so that it meets the organizations needs
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
HRD
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT
TRAINING
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
HRD PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL: Assess the strengths and weaknesses of all the employees on the jobdevelop & implement a suitable improvement plan It Involves:
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
HRD TRAINING: Systematic development of Knowledge, Skills, & Attitudes of an individual for a job! It involves: Identify the Organizations needs Identify the training needs of the individuals Design the training program to bridge the gap (knowledge, skills, attitude) Implement the training program Assess the success of the training program
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
HRD MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT: Developing the employee to meet the future challenges of the organization Includes developing the competency of the employee along with his/her personality It may not be as specific as a training program where the employee is taught niche knowledge and skills CAREER PLANNING & DEVELOPMENT: Identifying individuals goals and facilitating their achievement Career plan: where the individual wants to be! Career Development: Where the organization wants the individual to be!
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
HRD COMPENSATION: Providing ADEQUATE, EQUITABLE, and FAIR compensation to all the employees Includes Base Salary + Incentives + Bonus + Benefits Based on Job evaluation JOB EVALUATION: Classifying each job based on its importance with other jobs (in the organization & industry) Involves
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
HRD WAGE & SALARY ADMINISTRATION: Process of formulating and operating a suitable wage and salary program Involves Conducting Wage & Salary Survey in the Market Determining the wage and salary rate (using Job Analysis) Implementing the program Evaluating the effectiveness of the program Salary: Employee compensation quoted on annual basis; Given to the employee every month Wage: Best associated with hourly jobs (30 hours a week on the job floor; paid $15 per hour; 30* 15= Wages
INTRODUCTION TO HRM
Challenges to HRM
GOING GLOBAL
NEW TECHNOLOGY
MANAGING CHANGE
RESPONDING TO MARKET
CONTAINING COSTS
HRM CHALLENGES
GOING GLOBAL
expatriation
impatriation
Employment laws
HRM CHALLENGES
EMBRACING NEW TECHNOLOGY
Information technology Internet Unlimited amount of data stored & retrieved HRIS
TECHNOLOGY & HR APPLICATIONS Payroll Benefits Administration Recruitment-Application Tracking Training & Development Employer Self Service Manager Self Service
Knowledge workers lateral growth Hold more responsibilities with Respect to planning, decision making & Problem solving
Higher Productivity Lower Administrative Costs Speeding up of response time Improved decision making Better customer service
HRM CHALLENGES
MANAGING CHANGE
Examples of change can be CREATING A CULTURE OF TOTAL QUALITY, CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT, DOWNSIZING, OUTSOURCING
Starting environment) These changes can either be REACTIVE (in response to external the SIX Sigma Initiative at Motorola Or PROACTIVE (initiated by the management to leverage opportunity or In the 1970sPoor Quality Neutralize threat) Therefore:
From the HR standpointthis will mean Changes in responsibilities Job assignments Changes in work processes
However, major reasons why Organizational Change projects do not yield The desired results are because of the HR problems
HRM CHALLENGES
MANAGING CHANGE
Resistance to Change Fear of modifying the status Quo SEEN IN THE ORGANIZATION AS
Not having a sense of urgency Lack of commitment and collective effort from the top management
HRM CHALLENGES
MANAGING CHANGE
HRM CHALLENGES
MANAGING TALENTHUMAN CAPITAL
HUMAN CAPITAL IS THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE EMPLOYEES KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, and CAPABILITIES
Identifying & recruiting the best Right knowledge + Skills + Attitude Training programs To complement this Employee selection
Training people In skills specific To the organization and which cant Be transferred when employee leaves
HRM CHALLENGES
RESPONDING TO THE MARKET
Process Re-engineering
HR issues
Translating customer needs into Specific tasks; and identifying Best way to perform each task; Better quality products and customer service
Formation of the teams; Training the teams; Performance management; reward management; communication Culture training
HRM CHALLENGES
CONTAINING COSTS
Labor costs are the highest for the organizationsespecially those engaged In service/ knowledge intensive industries The onus is on the HR managers to reduce these costs
DOWNSIZING:
Planned elimination of jobs Financial savings not the only reason May be to consolidate organizations position; Mergers & Acquisitions; Realignment of staff May lead to hidden costs such as: pension & benefits payouts Potential law suits by workers who have been laid off Lack of right workers in the organization when The economy rebounds
WHAT ARE THE FUTURE OBJECTIVES OF THE ORGANIZATION WHAT WOULD BE ITS HR NEEDS
WHAT ARE THE CURRENT COMPETENCIES OF OUR ASSESSING PEOPLEKNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES OF (PATENTSPRODUCTS ORGANIZATION DEVELOPED)HOW MUCH ARE WE SPENDING ON HR ARE THE WHAT RIGHT NOW?
WHAT ARE WHAT WOULD BE THE OUR FUTURE FUTURE OBJECTIVES OF PRODUCTS/ SERVICES THE ORGANIZATION THE WHAT WOULD BE ITS MODERNIZATION OF HR NEEDS UNITS/ EXPANSION
INTO NEW MARKETS ARE WE GOING FOR
CURRENT HR NEEDS
WHATS THE GAME PLAN? TRAINING PROGRAMS, EMPLOYEE RECRUITMENT, HOW MUCH MORE MONEY AND TIME WILL WE NEED
OBJECTIVES OF HRM
Aligning the organizations objectives and its human resource needs Anticipating the HR needs of various departments of the organization Facilitate development of competencies in employees Support employee motivation initiatives
FORECASTING & HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT MANPOWER NEEDS FOR THE FUTURE COUNSELLING & CAREER PLANNING CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
RECRUITMENT PLAN
REPLACEMENT CHART
FORECASTING & HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT MANPOWER NEEDS FOR THE FUTURE
COUNSELLING & PRODUCTIVITY AND THEREFORE MODERNIZATION OF THE PLANT CAREER PLANNING
LONG TERM OBJECTIVE : HRM BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER MODERNIZATION
RECRUITMENT PLAN
REPLACEMENT CHART
CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
BEFORE (GOLDEN HANDSHAKE!), DURING (RECRUITING RIGHT PEOPLE, TRAINING) AFTER (DEVELOPMENT, PERFORMANCE EVALUATION SYSTEMS) STRATEGIC (LONG TERM
SHORT TERM OBJECTIVE: HRM BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER HR PROGRAMS PERSONNEL POLICTY MODERNIZATION BEFORE (PHAZE-WISE IMPLEMENTATION OF VRS), DURING (IDENTIFYING THE TRAINEES, TRAINERS, CONTENT, TRAINING DELIVERY), AFTER (PERFORMANCE EVALUATION, FEEDBACK ON ESTIMATE EXPECTED CORDIAL INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PROGRAMS) APPROPRIATE COMPESATION THE
PLAN
FORECASTING & HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT MANPOWER NEEDS FOR THE THERE ARE DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES FOR FUTURE COUNSELLING FORECASTING & CAREER PLANNING EMPLOYERS SURVEY : ASKING THE COMPANIES/ PEOPLE WHAT ARE THEIR REQUIREMENTS CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES REPLACEMENT LABOROUTPUT RATIO: LOOKS AT THE NUMBER OF CHART PEOPLE WITH THE REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS, WHAT IS THE CURRENT OUTPUT VERSUS WHAT IS THE CHOOSE THE BEST POSSIBLE TARGRT OUTPUTNEW SKILLS POLICTY PERSONNEL REQUIRED
RECRUITMENT PLAN
RELYING ON DATA FOR EXTERNAL AGENCIES (USA BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS GIVES INDUSTRY WISE AND OCCUPATION WISE INFORMATION CORDIAL INDUSTRIAL APPROPRIATE COMPESATION RELATIONS & LABOR PLAN WELFARE POLICY
FORECASTING & HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT Understanding various issues such as what are the costs & time involved to undertake the various COUNSELLING & tasks CAREER PLANNING How are we doing the Non Core Activities in the organization REPLACEMENT off CHART shoring, outsourcingemployee leasingwhat are the contractual agreements with the client What is the technology CORDIAL INDUSTRIAL available with us RELATIONS & LABOR WELFARE POLICY What is our scale of operationswhere are our REVISING THElocated Customers PLANS WHERE NECCESSARY
CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
(employees taken off the roles & encouraged to work as contractors/ suppliers for company) Semco foods CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
Employment Agencies
CORDIAL Temporary workers INDUSTRIAL APPROPRIATE COMPESATION RELATIONS & LABOR PLAN Part time workers (McDonalds) WELFARE POLICY
Float Workers (trained cross functionally, employed Based on business need (Capital One)
Always linked to the Recruitment Plan and the FORECASTING & DemandSupply of the employees HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT Analyzes the number of people leaving the MANPOWER NEEDS FOR THE organization or being unproductive (turnover & FUTURE wastage) COUNSELLING & CAREER PLANNING Important to understand why did people leave the organization and what is its impact on the organization CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES REPLACEMENT CHART CHOOSE THE BEST POSSIBLE PERSONNEL POLICTY Labor turnover index: number of leavers in a specified period x 100/ average number of employees during that period CORDIAL INDUSTRIAL APPROPRIATE COMPESATION RELATIONS & LABOR What are the reasons for turnover (pay, career PLAN move, better working conditions, harassment WELFARE POLICY done during the exit interviews) REVISING THE PLANS WHERE NECCESSARY CONTINUOUS EVALUATION OF RESULTS Look at
RECRUITMENT PLAN
HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING Consider: the leaving costs (payroll & administrative costs of SETTING THE OBJECTIVES FORECASTING & the leaver) HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT Direct cost of recruitment (advertising, interviews, opportunity cost of interviewers) MANPOWER NEEDS FOR THE COUNSELLING & CAREER PLANNING FUTURE Direct cost of training the new recruits RECRUITMENT PLAN Losses arising from the reduced inputs because people are leaving CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
REPLACEMENT CHART
FORECASTING & Developing the Resource Plan for the HR function HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT identified (recruitment, training) MANPOWER NEEDS FOR THE FUTURE Employer COUNSELLING & Branding (better packages, more career opportunities, better facilities, sign-in bonus, Flexi CAREER PLANNING Rewards) Internal Recruitment CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES Considering Teleworking, part time worker, job REPLACEMENT sharing (2 workers share the workload of a job by CHART splitting their work across the week, and share the rewards) arrangements CHOOSE THE BEST POSSIBLE PERSONNEL POLICTY
RECRUITMENT PLAN
SETTING THE OBJECTIVES How are you doing the performance appraisal How are you determining the THE level MANPOWER NEEDS FOR salary FUTURE What are the fringe benefits that you are providing RECRUITMENT PLAN Payment of arrears CONSIDERATIONLINK REWARDS TO IMPORTANT TO OF ALTERNATIVES PERFORMANCE CHOOSE THE BEST POSSIBLE PERSONNEL POLICTY PLANNING THE RIGHT HR PROGRAMS
REPLACEMENT CHART
FORECASTING & HUMAN RESOURCE AUDIT MANPOWER NEEDS FOR THE FUTURE COUNSELLING & CAREER PLANNING CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES
RECRUITMENT PLAN
REPLACEMENT CHART