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Urban blocks are areas bounded by streets that contain buildings. Neighborhood concepts aim to create cohesive communities through defining boundaries, incorporating open spaces, and mixing land uses. Public realms are outdoor spaces that are publicly accessible without charge, including streets, squares, parks, and civic buildings. Streets are important public spaces that connect other areas and are defined by their dimensions, surrounding buildings, and street patterns. Markets and plazas are also key public spaces that facilitate community gathering and exchange. Urban squares, open spaces, and riverfronts further enhance the public realm.

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176 views9 pages

Presentation 1

Urban blocks are areas bounded by streets that contain buildings. Neighborhood concepts aim to create cohesive communities through defining boundaries, incorporating open spaces, and mixing land uses. Public realms are outdoor spaces that are publicly accessible without charge, including streets, squares, parks, and civic buildings. Streets are important public spaces that connect other areas and are defined by their dimensions, surrounding buildings, and street patterns. Markets and plazas are also key public spaces that facilitate community gathering and exchange. Urban squares, open spaces, and riverfronts further enhance the public realm.

Uploaded by

anuj dhuppad
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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_______URBAN DESIGN STUDIO - II______________________________

URBAN BLOCK / NEIGHBOURHOOD The central issues regarding neighbourhood design concepts
can be reviewed under four headings –
What is Urban Block –
1. Size
An area bounded by streets and occupied by buildings. Sometimes 2. boundaries
called a perimeter block, the buildings face outwards onto 3. social relevance
the streets often with a private courtyard in the centre.  4. mixed communities
What is Urban Neighborhood Concept –
The most influential has been Clarence Perry’s neighbourhood unit
developed in the USA during the 1920s

Urban Task Force 1999: 66

Characteristics of Urban Villages &


New Urbanist Neighbourhoods
Ex. Poundbury Farm, Dorchester
• Size – the population required to support one elementary school.
• Boundaries – arterial roads to bypass rather than penetrate the unit.
• Open spaces.
• Institutional sites – at the central point so that the sphere of
influence coincided with the unit.
• Local shops – located on the edge of the unit so that larger units
would be formed at junctions.
• An internal street system – proportional to the expected traffic load Neighborhood sector planning of Chandigarh
PUBLIC REALM
What is Public Realm –
Public realm belongs to everyone. It comprises the streets,
squares, parks, green spaces and other outdoor places that
require no key to access them and are available, without charge
for everyone to use.

India Gate Complex City Square  Manik Chowk, Ahmedabad

One green mile , Mumbai The Field Museum, Chicago

Chase Center Public Realm, San Francisco.


Types of Physical Public Realm -
A. External Public Space – Square, Streets, Parks, Market etc.
B. Internal Public Space – Libraries, Museum, Town hall etc.
C. External and Internal quasi - ‘Public’ space – Legally private
some public spaces like University Campus, Sports ground,
Cinema halls, Shopping mall. Eden Gardens, Kolkata
IIM, Ahmedabad
_______STREETS_______________________________

• Streets - the connections between
spaces & places, as well as being
spaces themselves.

• They are defined by


their physical dimension and
character as well as the size,
scale, and character of the
Main Street (Sub Arterial ) High Street (local street )
buildings that line them.​

• The pattern of the street


network is part of what defines
a city and what makes each city
unique.

Skywalks Boulevards Esplanaed

Alley Overpass
STREET LENGTH_______ STREET PROPORTION_______ STREET PATTERN_______

Radical grid Grid

Irregular Organic

• The ratio of width of street to height of enclosing • The irregular and organic
buildings is important for street design. patterns are more
• The ratio of height to width of 1: 1 is not too tight interesting for people
for comfort. If the height exceeds the width it will because they give them the
create a sense of fear. sense of discovery.
• The upper limit for continuous • The ratio of height to width 1 : 2 . 5 creates a • Although the uniform
length of street is 1,500 m (1 mile). weak sense of enclosure. grids are easier for traffic.
Beyond this distance human scale • The wide street is favored by the road engineers
is lost. to facilitate traffic movement. But narrow streets
• For long distances the prominent with continuous enclosing building slightly higher
building will lose its dominance than street width facilitate shopping, movement
and begin to merge into the from side to side and are considered as attractive
surroundings. places.

_______FORM OF THE STREET___________________________


_______MARKETS______________________________

• Natural markets have existed for


as long as people have been
exchanging goods and services.
They take many forms and exist
all around the world.
• If we are to truly build equitable
cities, the nature of work and
the location of work must be
explored, alongside with the
security of and access to
affordable goods and services. Street market : Delhi Retail market – Connaught Place, Delhi
Planners, designers and
developers play an important
role in shaping the equity of
urban areas.

Street market : Japan Sarafa Bazar, Indore

Shopping street : Singapore


URBAN SQUARE

What are Urban Squares?


• Urban square is an open public space
used for community gatherings .
Chennai’s Kathipara urban square. Indore urban square.
• On the relation between the forms of
the surrounding buildings .
• These get established on crossings or
intersection of roads.
• Provides shelter against traffic for
people.
Urban square in Rome Piazza Navona, Italy

Types of Urban square:


1. Closed squares
2. grouped
3. Dominated

St. Peters square ,Rome Time Square, New York


PLAZA

What are Plazas?


An open space for public use defined by surrounding
buildings or streets.

Difference between plaza and square


Square is a square or a rectangular block of cement or
grass that allows people to sit and enjoy the day
Plaza is an open, public place near a bustling city or
town.
Pedestrian Public plaza in New york

Interim public plaza in Philadelphia Public plaza at Delhi Market place on Ahemdabad
URBAN OPEN SPACES

What are open spaces?


• Area constructed by the open space outside the
building entity in the central area of the city that
provides public activities.
• It includes paths, landscapes, squares-garden,
parks etc.
• They give form and shape of the city.
• Give recreational spaces to people.
Marine lines ,Mumbai

Bryant Park in New york Use of riverfronts

Urban open space in Melbourne, Australia

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