CREATIVITY and

INNOVATION
Technopreneurshi
p
DEVELOPING CREATIVITY AND
UNDERSTANDING INNOVATION
CREATIVITY
  It is the ability to develop new ideas and to discover new
ways of looking at problems and opportunities.
  It is defined as the tendency to generate or recognize
ideas, alternatives, or possibilities that may be useful in
solving problems, communicating with others, and
entertaining ourselves and others.
  It is also any act, idea or product that changes an existing
domain or that transforms an existing domain into new one.
FOUR PHASES THAT CAN ENHANCE
CREATIVE THINKING
a. Knowledge Accumulation Phase
 This initial stage is all about absorbing as much information as
possible.
 This stage is all about hunger for knowledge which you can attempt to
satisfy through reading articles, joining discussion groups, or attending
events that educate us on our domain of interest.
b. Incubation Phase
 With all that newly acquired information, it’s always best to step away
to let it all sink in.
FOUR PHASES THAT CAN ENHANCE
CREATIVE THINKING
c. Idea Experience Phase
 This next phase occurs when your mind overcomes a gap and you have
your notorious ‘aha’ moment. Suddenly, your confusion is simplified and
clouded thoughts seem much clearer.
d. Implementation Phase
 The Implementation phase is where you find ways to incorporate your
idea into daily life. Persistence is a key factor as each idea worth
implementing will most likely run into temporary setbacks before it
becomes successful.
TYPES OF CREATIVITY

a. Deliberate and Cognitive Creativity

 People who possess deliberate and cognitive characteristics are
purposeful. They have a great amount of knowledge about a particular
subject and combine their skills and capabilities to prepare a course of
action to achieve something. This type of creativity built when people
work for a very long time in a particular area.  Thomas Alva Edison is
one prominent example of this type of creative people. He ran
experiment after experiment before inventing electricity, the light bulb,
and telecommunication. Hence, deliberate and cognitive creativity
requires a great deal of time, dedication and abundance of knowledge
about a particular subject.
TYPES OF CREATIVITY

b. Deliberate And Emotional Creativity

 People who are categorized as deliberate and emotional let their work influenced by
their state of emotions. These types of creative people are very emotional and
sensitive in nature. These individuals prefer relatively quiet and personal time to
reflect and they usually have a habit of diary writing. However, they are equally
logical and rational in decision making.
 Their creativity is always a balanced product of deliberate emotional thinking and
logical actions. This type of creativity happens to people at random moments. Those
moments are usually referred to as “a-ha!” moments when someone suddenly thinks of
a solution to some problem or think of some innovative idea.
 For example, there are situations when you feel low and emotional which distracts
you from your work. In those kinds of situations, you should take 5 minutes and point
out the things which are making you sad and keep them aside and focus on the work in
hand. It will help you to get improvised results and you will get work done easily.
TYPES OF CREATIVITY

c. Spontaneous and Cognitive Creativity

 There are times when you spend a long time to crack a problem but
can’t think of any solution. For example, when you want to make a
schedule for a month to get a job done, but you can’t seem to think of
any possible way and when you are watching television and having your
relaxed time and suddenly you think of a solution and everything falls in
place.
 The same case happened with the great scientist Isaac Newton. He got
the idea about the law of gravity when an apple hit his head while he
was sitting under a tree and relaxing. This is the “Eureka!” moments for
Newton and an excellent example of a spontaneous and cognitive
person.
TYPES OF CREATIVITY

d. Spontaneous And Emotional Creativity

 Spontaneous and emotional creativity takes place in the “amygdala” part of
the human brain. Amygdala is responsible for all emotional type of thinking in
the human brain. Spontaneous ideas and creativity happen when conscious and
Prefrontal brain is resting. This type of creativity is mostly found in a great artist
such as musicians, painters, and writers etc. This type of creativity is also
related to “epiphanies”.
 Epiphany is a sudden realization of something. Spontaneous and emotional
creativity is responsible for a scientific breakthrough, religious and also
philosophical discoveries. This allows the enlightened person to look at a
problem or situation with a different and deeper viewpoint.
CREATIVE PROCESS
a. Preparation
 Successful creations are preceded by investigation and information
gathering. It can be achieved by gathering information from journals,
attending meeting, seminars etc.
b. Incubation
 Creative person allows their sub consciousness mind to dwell over
tremendous amount of ideas and information accumulated during the
preparation phase.
c. Insight
 This is the moment when the person is able to locate solution to their
problems. Generally in most of the cases ideas comes to person in
incremental way. The person improves on solution slowly and steadily.
CREATIVE PROCESS

d. Evaluation
 This phase is regarded as the most emotional trying part, when one feels
uncertain and insecure and thinks about reaction of other people. The individual
then evaluates whether the insight is worth the pursuit.
e. Elaboration
 The implementation of an idea or solution in the creative process model is
when an individual begins the process of transforming his/her thoughts into a
final product. This is the most difficult step of creativity endeavor and requires
great self-discipline, dedication and perseverance.
BARRIERS TO CREATIVITY

a. Resistance to change
 People just get used to doing a particular work in customized manner and
they are just opposed to any new idea or change.
b. Lack of initiative
 Organizational managers from top to bottom are just opposed to giving
initiative to their subordinates fearing that it will undermine their authority.
c. Restriction on interaction
 A free and open environment provides members an opportunity to interact
with members of their own and other groups.  Such interaction facilitates
exchange of ideas and information required for creative work where as in
restricted environment creativity is adversely affected.
BARRIERS TO CREATIVITY

d. Fear of something going wrong

 Many new ideas may go wrong or prove impractical. Whenever creative
work is to be undertaken the possibility of success or failure is always
there. e. Lack of recognition
 Failure to recognize or reward creativity acts as demotivating factor. 
Hard work put in by creative people must be compensated with
adequate financial and non-financial rewards.
f. Resource constraints
 Creativity demands sufficient availability of resources. Absence of
adequate resources may dampen the spirit of creativity.
INNOVATION
 It is the ability to apply creative solutions to those
problems and opportunities in order to enhance people’s
lives or to enrich society.
 It is the implementation of new ideas at the individual,
group or organizational level.
TYPES OF INNOVATIONS
a. Invention
 Described as the creation of a new product, service or process. It is something that has
not been tried before.
b. Extension
 The expansion of an existing product, service or process. This would mean that the
entrepreneur takes an existing idea and applies it differently.
c. Duplication
 Copying (replicating) an existing product or service and then adding the entrepreneurs
own creative touch in order to improve it.
d. Synthesis
 A combination of more than one existing products or services in to a new product or
service. This means that several different ideas are combined in to one new product or
service.
THE INNOVATION PROCESS
a. Analytical planning
 Carefully identifying the product or service features, design as well as
the resources that will be needed.
b. Resource organization
 Obtaining the required resources, materials, technology, human or
capital resources.
c. Implementation
 Applying the resources in order to accomplish the plans.
d. Commercial application
 The provision of value to customers, reward to employees, revenues to
investors and satisfaction for founders.
5 MYTHS OF INNOVATION

a. Innovation is planned and predictable.

b. Technical specifications should be thoroughly prepared in
advance.
c. Creativity relies on dreams and blue-sky ideas.
d. Big projects will develop better innovations than smaller
ones.
e. Technology is the driving force of innovation and success.
 INNOVATION and entrepreneurship are essential
ingredients in building a successful commercial venture.
Innovation in its modern meaning is "a new idea, creative
thoughts, and new imaginations in form of device or
method". It is often also viewed as the application of
better solutions that meet new requirements,
unarticulated needs, or existing market needs. It is the
process of translating an idea or invention into a good or
service that creates value or for which customers will pay.
  To be called an innovation, an idea must be replicable
at an economical cost and must satisfy a specific need. It
involves deliberate application of information,
imagination and initiative in deriving greater or different
values from resources, and includes all processes by which
new ideas are generated and converted into useful
products. In business, innovation often results when ideas
are applied by the company in order to further satisfy the
needs and expectations of the customers.
  In a social context, innovation helps create new methods for alliance
creation, joint venturing, flexible work hours, and creation of buyers'
purchasing power. It is divided into two broad categories:
a. Evolutionary innovations (continuous or dynamic evolutionary innovation) that
are brought about by many incremental advances in technology or processes
and;
b. b. Revolutionary innovations (also called discontinuous innovations) which
are often disruptive and new.
 Innovation is synonymous with risk-taking and
organizations that create revolutionary products or
technologies take on the greatest risk because they
create new markets. Imitators take less risk because
they will start with an innovator's product and take
a more effective approach. Entrepreneurship and
innovation are two very closely related phenomena
in the sense that innovation requires some form of
entrepreneurial behavior.