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KS2 On Bootloader

This document summarizes key points about boot loaders: - The boot process begins with power on and reset, jumping to the reset vector to copy the boot image to RAM and execute it, initializing hardware and loading the operating system. - Issues in initial boot code include limited boot windows and lack of C environment/contiguous memory, so initial code should be minimal and use registers for stack if possible. Debugging options include UART, LEDs, JTAG, and reboot methods. - Boot loader designs include generic, EFI-based, and LinuxBIOS; good traits are network boot, file system support, modularity, CLI, upgrades, and cache usage. The design choice depends on usage.

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Raghu Venkatesan
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13 views12 pages

KS2 On Bootloader

This document summarizes key points about boot loaders: - The boot process begins with power on and reset, jumping to the reset vector to copy the boot image to RAM and execute it, initializing hardware and loading the operating system. - Issues in initial boot code include limited boot windows and lack of C environment/contiguous memory, so initial code should be minimal and use registers for stack if possible. Debugging options include UART, LEDs, JTAG, and reboot methods. - Boot loader designs include generic, EFI-based, and LinuxBIOS; good traits are network boot, file system support, modularity, CLI, upgrades, and cache usage. The design choice depends on usage.

Uploaded by

Raghu Venkatesan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Knowledge Sharing session on Boot

Loader
Overview

• Boot process
• Initial startup issues
• Different boot loader architectures
• Good boot loader traits
• Debugging techniques
Boot Process

Power on
Reset

Jump to
reset vector
Boot 0xFFFF FFFF
Media
Copy image
to RAM
RAM Reset Vector
FLASH
Execute
from RAM
0x0000 0000
Hardware
Initialization
Cache
Initialization
Load and
Jump to OS
OS

Figure 1 – Boot
process
Initial Startup

• Issues during initial boot code execution


• Suggested solutions
• Tips for the initial boot code debugging
Issues – Initial Boot code

• Boot window and its limitation


• Non availability of “C” environment
• Non availability of contiguous memory for stack
setup
Solutions

• Initial code execution from FLASH should be


minimal
• If available, use contiguous register space for stack
operations
• Enable instruction cache
Debugging

• Setup UART
• LED’s On/Off pattern
• JTAG(Ice Debuggers, which can step through the
initial boot window code)
• Modelsim
• Reboot Method(If UART/LED’s are not present)
Boot Loader Design Alternatives

• Generic boot loader


• EFI based boot loader
• LinuxBIOS
Good Boot Loader Traits
• Network Boot
• File system support
• Multilayered boot loader approach
• Command Line Interpreter
• Loadable module support
• Decompression support
• Asynchronous interrupt support
• Firmware upgrade support
• Cache usage in boot loader
Summary
• Keep Initial boot code minimal
• Enable caches as early as possible
• Setup “C” environment
• Decide boot loader design based on the usage
applicable
• Implement CLI/Firmware upgrade support/Network
boot for versatile boot loader
• Implement Decompression / Interrupt support/
loadable modules and file system for a better
performance
References

• Das U-Boot – Universal boot loader


http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot
• The GNU GRUB Boot Loader
http://www.linuxgazette.com/issue64/kohli.html
• How to Develop a Boot Loader(Microsoft
Windows CE 5.0)
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/
en-us/wcehardware5/html/wce50howhowtodevelopabootlo
ader.asp
Questions ?

Thank You

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