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Using Inductive or Deductive Reasoning in An Argument

This document discusses inductive and deductive reasoning. It provides examples of each type of reasoning. Inductive reasoning involves making generalizations based on specific observations or data. Deductive reasoning uses known facts or principles to derive logical conclusions. The document also asks readers to identify examples as using inductive or deductive reasoning and to complete reasoning problems by drawing conclusions.

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Norman A Reyes
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165 views15 pages

Using Inductive or Deductive Reasoning in An Argument

This document discusses inductive and deductive reasoning. It provides examples of each type of reasoning. Inductive reasoning involves making generalizations based on specific observations or data. Deductive reasoning uses known facts or principles to derive logical conclusions. The document also asks readers to identify examples as using inductive or deductive reasoning and to complete reasoning problems by drawing conclusions.

Uploaded by

Norman A Reyes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Using Inductive

or Deductive
Reasoning in an
Argument
Rewrite each statement into if – then form,
then identify the hypothesis and conclusion.
1. Adjacent sides of a rectangle
are perpendicular.
2. A pentagon is a polygon with
five sides.
3. Two points determine a line.
Fill in the blanks with what is asked.
Complete the table by filling in the
conclusion. Item 1 is done for you.
Inductive reasoning gathers specific
information, usually through
observation and measurement,
formulate conjecture/s, then draw
generalization or conclusion based
on the carefully gathered
information.
Examples:
1. In the sequence, 10, 20, 30, …, the next term is
40.
2. John, a math challenger is good in mathematics.
Joan, Josh, and Bea who are also math
challengers are good in mathematics. Therefore,
all math challengers are good in mathematics.
3. The chair in the living room is red. The chair in
the dining room is red. Therefore, the color of the
chairs in the house is red.
Deductive reasoning uses
acceptable facts, proven
theorem as proof to draw a
specific case or situation.
1. Sally does not drink soft drinks. Then, it follows that she
does not drink Cola.
2. All numbers ending in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5. Number 35
ends with 5. Therefore, it must be divisible by 5.
3. Right angles measure 90°. ∠𝐴 is a right angle. Therefore,
∠𝐴 measures 90°.
4. All mathematics challenge contestants are good in
mathematics. Jim, Jane and Jelian are math challenge
contestants. Therefore, Jim, Jane and Jelian are good in
mathematics.
Identify the type of reasoning
used in each of the following
situations. Write IR if the
statement is inductive
reasoning and DR if it is
deductive reasoning.
1. Today, Sam notices that the city alarm
sounds at 9:00 P.M. The next day of the same
time, she notices that the city alarm sound
again. She remembers that the city alarm did
sound at the same time the other day. She
then concludes that the city alarm sounds
every 9:00 P.M.
2. No foreigner can be elected senator in our
country. Peter is a foreigner. Therefore, Peter
cannot be elected senator in our country.
3. Grade 11 students at Javier NHS conducted
an experiment on tomatoes by applying
Ferrous Sulfate. After three weeks, they
observed the number of tomatoes produced
increased. They concluded that the use of
Ferrous Sulfate as organic fertilizer can
increase the production of tomatoes.
4. A student who gets a perfect score in
mathematics 10 will be given extra credits. Ann
got a perfect score in mathematics 10. Thus, Ann
will be given extra credit.
5. All the residents of Barangay Guinhalinan are
exempted from paying taxes. The parents of
Melanie reside in Barangay Guinhalinan.
Therefore, Melanie’s parents are exempted from
paying taxes.
Draw a conclusion from each given situation and identify the
kind of reasoning used.
1. Complementary angles are two angles whose sum is 90°.
∠𝐴 and ∠𝐵 are complementary. Therefore, _____.
2. In the sequence 3, 6, 9, 12, … . The next number is
__________.
3. All rectangles have congruent diagonals. Square is a
rectangle. Therefore, _______________.
4. 2, 4, 6, 8,... The sum of the first 5 even numbers is
___________.
5. A pentagon is a polygon with five sides. Polygon ABCDE is
a regular pentagon. Therefore ________.

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