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Carb. Fuel Injection

The document discusses the parts and functions of carburetors and how they work. It then covers different types of carburetors used in small engines and transitions to discussing fuel injection systems as an advancement over traditional carburetors.

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majid ali
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42 views34 pages

Carb. Fuel Injection

The document discusses the parts and functions of carburetors and how they work. It then covers different types of carburetors used in small engines and transitions to discussing fuel injection systems as an advancement over traditional carburetors.

Uploaded by

majid ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions of Carburetors
• A Mixing Valve
• Mixes Fuel & Air
• Meters Fuel Flow
• Atomizes Fuel for Use
• Controls Air Flow
– Engine Speed
Ways to Classify Carburetors
• Size: (2)
• Air Flow Direction: (3)
• Fuel Type: (4)
• Barrels: (3)
• General: (3)

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Carburetor Parts & Their Functions

• In order to understand
how each part of a
carburetor works you
should first build one.
• Building a carburetor on
paper will allow you to
see how each part works
and why it is needed.
Step #1: Air Horn

• Simple Round
Metal Tube
• Flange Bolts to
Intake Manifold
• Serves as an Air
Passage for Air
Entering the Engine
Step #2: Fuel Bowl

• Attached to Air Horn


• Holds a Supply of
Gas
• Float Inside Bowl: (3)
• Vent: (2)
Step #3: Main Discharge Tube

• Allows Fuel to be
Transfered from the
Fuel Bowl to the
Air Horn.
Step #4: The Venturi
• A vacuum is needed
to transport the fuel.
• The engine doesn’t
create enough
vacuum by itself.
• The Venturi increases
air speed: (4)
Step #5: Secondary Venturi

• Creates more vacuum.


• Position: (2)
• Multiples the vacuum.
• “Booster Venturi”
• Some carburetors have
a 3rd venturi.
Step #6: Air Bleed
• Reduces droplet size
• Introduces a stream of air into the fuel traveling up
the main discharge tube.
• Smaller droplets carry into the engine properly.
Step #7: Jets

• Introduction: (1)
• Purpose &
Operation: (4)
Step #8: Choke Valve

• Purpose: (2)
• Placement: (1)
• Operation: (2)
Step #9: Throttle Valve
• The Engine Will Now
Start!
– How will it Run?
• Throttle Butterfly
Controls the Engine’s
Speed: (3)
Circuits

• The carburetor is complete but it still far


from perfect!
• What are Circuits?
• Types of Circuits: (7)
• Purpose of Circuits: (1)
Engine Problems Kept on Track
By Circuits:
• Idle:
• Partial Throttle Operation:
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• High Speed Cruising: GIF decompressor
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• High Speed Full Power:


• Acceleration Hesitation:
• Rich Mixture for Cold Starting:
Small Engine Carburetors

• Types:
– Float Type
– Suction Type
– Pulsating Suction Lift Type
– Diaphram Type
Float Type Carburetor

• Now Common
on Briggs &
Stratton Engines
• Fuel Bowl &
Float System: (6)
Suction Type Carburetor: (Vacu-Jet)

• Common in older
Briggs & Stratton
engines.
• Suction tubes pull
the fuel up.
Pulsating Suction Lift Carburetor:
(Pulsa-Jet)

– Briggs & Stratton Pulsa-Jet


– Has a fuel pump built in: (1)
– Provides more Hp than a suction type: (2)
– Allows the air tube in the carb. to be larger b/c
the fuel does not have to be lifted so far.
Diaphram Carburetor

– Has flexible diaphrams: (1)


– Allows function at any position
– Popular on 2-cycle engines
Despite all of it’s advances the carburetor is still a compromise of efficiency.
The carburetor’s limitations have pushed the industry towards fuel injection.
injection
Fuel Injection Arrangements

• Direct Fuel Injection:


• Throttle Body Fuel Injection:
• Multi-Point (Port) Fuel Injection:
Direct Fuel Injection
– Fuel injected directly
into the combustion
chamber.
– Fuel injector nozzle is
also located in the
combustion chamber.
– Very common in diesel
engines.
Throttle Body Fuel Injection
– Injectors are located in the
throttle body.
– Throttle body is the intake
cavity or intake manifold.
– The Carburetor is removed
from the intake manifold and
simply replaced by a fuel
injection system.
– Disadvantage: (1)
Multi-Port (Point) Fuel Injection
– Uses one injector located:
• At the mouth of the intake
valve -or-
• At the mouth of an individual
intake port that is connected to
only one intake valve.
– Much more efficient
– Chrysler began this in the
late 70’s, Ford mid 80’s,
Chevy Vortex
Methods of Fuel Injection
• Mechanical: (2)
• Electronic Fuel Injection: (4)
– Advantages: (9)

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