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Power Plant 1

The document summarizes the results of a thermal analysis comparing three designs of steam power plants using the Rankine cycle. The first design, a simple Rankine cycle with a boiler, turbine, condenser and pump, achieved the highest efficiency of 36% and was selected to minimize costs. Daily coal consumption was calculated as 12039.29 kg to determine the fuel needed per day to power the plant. Multiple factors like power output, efficiency and fuel use must be considered in steam power plant design.

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shani.gujjar
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25 views13 pages

Power Plant 1

The document summarizes the results of a thermal analysis comparing three designs of steam power plants using the Rankine cycle. The first design, a simple Rankine cycle with a boiler, turbine, condenser and pump, achieved the highest efficiency of 36% and was selected to minimize costs. Daily coal consumption was calculated as 12039.29 kg to determine the fuel needed per day to power the plant. Multiple factors like power output, efficiency and fuel use must be considered in steam power plant design.

Uploaded by

shani.gujjar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

THERMAL ANALYSIS OF

A STEAM POWER
PLANT
ENGR/ME200

•Team Members:
• Bashayer Rahail 44488
• Basmah AlOtaibi 74746
• Aisha Alkharraz 55801

•Instructors: 
•Dr. Wael Alkouz
INTRODUCTION
• The Rankine cycle is used in power plants to
generate electricitym heat. 

• It is a closed loop system containing: a boiler,


a turbine, a condenser, and a pump.

• We will compare three different designs of


Rankine cycle power plants.

2
OVERVIEW &
BACKGROUND
Rankine cycle
power plants are
crucial to the
energy industry.

They provide a
significant amount
of the electricity
used worldwide.

Optimizing • Increase the efficiency


Rankine cycles is •
Reduce the environmental impact
important in the
energy industry to: • Reduce the cost

3
OBJECTIVE

• The objectives of the study are to compare the


efficiencies, costs of different designs 

• Optimizing Rankine cycles is crucial for


improving the efficiency of power generation

• We are primarily concerned with minimizing cost.

•  We may want to choose a design that operates


at lower temperatures and pressures.

4
ASSUMPTIONS

The assumptions made in the study greatly impact the


results of the three designs:

• Turbines and Pumps work isentropically.


• Boiler and Heat Exchange work isobarically. 
• Steam leaving boiler is at 13 MPa (600oC) while that
leaving turbine is in saturated state at 100 kPa.
• Cycle delivers a power of 2 MPa.
• CYCLE is a heat engine
• CyclePad is not treating isentropic processes as ideal,
CyclePad is not calculating velocity values
• CyclePad's economic model is not active, CyclePad is
not using the air standard.
• CyclePad is not considering environment temperatures.

5
1st Design: Simple Rankine Cycle

• This design includes a boiler, turbine, condenser,


and pump, and it is optimized for maximum
efficiency. 

• In order to maximize efficiency, the cycle is


designed to operate at the highest possible T and
P.

• A diagram of the simple Rankine cycle power


plant, along with its parameters and T-S diagram is
presented.

• This design will serve as the baseline for


comparing the other two designs next. 6
2nd Design: Rankine cycle with Reheater

• Design 2 incorporates a reheater in addition


to the components in Design 1. 

• The reheater increases the temperature of


the steam in between high-pressure turbine
and low-pressure turbine.

• A diagram of the cycle for Design 2 is shown,


highlighting the differences from Design 1,

7
3rd Design: Rankine cycle with Feed-Water heater

• Design 3 incorporates an open feedwater


heater. 

• The feedwater heater operates by transferring


heat from the turbine exhaust steam to the
feedwater.

• A diagram of the cycle is shown, highlighting the


location of the feedwater heater.

8
Results

• To minimize capital investment and maximize thermal efficiency,


we selected the first design for the steam power plant.

• It has the fewest components and


achieved a thermal efficiency of
36%

9
Fuel Needed Per
Day
• To determine the daily fuel (coal) requirement, the
heat input to the boiler must be calculated using
the equation:

• Assuming a calorific value of 28000 kJ/kg, the


daily fuel consumption can be calculated as
follows:

• Fuel consumption = Heat input to the boiler /


Calorific value of coal = 12039.29 kg/day.
10
Effeciency vs Temperture
44
42
40

Effeciency
EFFICIENCY 38
36
34
32
• Overall efficiency vs 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050
Temperature
the inlet temperature

• Overall efficiency Thermal efficiency vs Turbine ef-


vs turbine isentropi ficiency
c efficiency 50 11

Thermal Effeciency
40
30
20
10
0
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Turbine Effeciency
Conclusion
• Multiple considerations in steam power plant design: power
output, thermal efficiency, fuel consumption

• Simple Rankine cycle with heater, turbine, condenser, and pump


had highest efficiency of 35.8%

• Required cooling water flow rate and daily coal consumption


calculated to validate design

12
References
• acmeplastics. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.acmeplastics.com/what-is-hdpe

• hess.copernicus.org. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2019-289/hess-2019-289.pdf

• lumenlearning. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-physics/chapter/archimedes-

principle/

• Science of changing world . (n.d.). Retrieved from

https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/water-density

• UNESCO. (n.d.). /en.unesco.org. (UNESCO) Retrieved from https://en.unesco.org/artificial-intelligence

13

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