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LESSON 1 - General Physics 11

The document discusses units in physics and introduces the International System of Units (SI units). It defines fundamental units like meters, seconds, kilograms that the SI system is based on. It also discusses prefixes that are used to denote multiples and subdivisions of units, significant figures and converting between units.

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324 views28 pages

LESSON 1 - General Physics 11

The document discusses units in physics and introduces the International System of Units (SI units). It defines fundamental units like meters, seconds, kilograms that the SI system is based on. It also discusses prefixes that are used to denote multiples and subdivisions of units, significant figures and converting between units.

Uploaded by

nadeksjwj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 1:

UNITS
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

1. Convert units from SI to English and vice versa;


2. Recall Rounding-off of numbers;
3. Designate multiples and subdivisions of any unit using prefixes;
4. Identify significant figures;
5. Express numbers in scientific notation.
Physics is an experimental
science. Physicists perform
experiments to test
hypotheses. Conclusions in
experiment are derived
from measurements.
Physicists use numbers to
describe measurements.
Such a number is called a
physical quantity.
However, a physical
quantity would make sense
to everyone when
compared to a reference
standard.
What are Physical
Quantities?
Since 1960 the system of
units used by scientists and
engineers is the “metric
system”, which is officially
known as the “International
System” or SI units
(abbreviation for its French
term, Système International).
centimeters
inches
`

ams
g r
pounds` kilo
meters
foot
t er s
k ilome
yard
Length – 1 m is defined as the distance travelled by light in a
vacuum in 1/299,792,458 second. Based on the definition that
the speed of light is exactly 299,792,458 m/s.

Time – 1 second is defined as 9,192,631,770 cycles of the


microwave radiation due to the transition between the two
lowest energy states of the Cesium atom. This is measured
from an atomic clock using this transition.

Mass – 1 kg is defined to be the mass of a cylinder of


platinum-iridium alloy at the International Bureau of Weights
and Measures (Sèvres, France).
Few countries continue to use the British system
of units (e.g., the United States). The conversion
between the British system of units and SI units
have been defined exactly on the left
Convert the following expressions:

28 oz
to g
3 ft to
cm
2 kg to
oz
Convert 28 oz to g
Convert 3 ft to cm
Convert 2 kg to oz
In certain cases,
particularly in scientific
usage, it becomes
convenient to provide for
multiples larger than
1000 and for
subdivisions smaller
than one-thousandth.
In the metric
system of measurement,
designations of multiples
and subdivision of any
unit may be arrived at by
combining with the
name of the unit the
prefixes on the table.
How can I use
the prefixes?
12 x 10^ 6 m

12 Mm
Significant
Figures
also known as the significant digits
or precision) of a number written in
positional notation are digits that
carry meaningful contributions to its
measurement resolution.
Express the given numbers in Scientific Notation
Sample problem 1:

A snail moves 1.0 cm


every 20 seconds. What is
this in inches per second?
Sample problem 2:

A jeepney tried to overtake a car. The jeepney moves at 40


km/hour: convert this to the British system (feet per second).
Ready for a challenge?
It takes about 8.0 minutes for
light to travel from the sun to
earth. How far is the sun from
the earth in meters?
Chloe made 1.5 liters
of orange juice. 0.75
liters dropped out of
the bottle. How many
milliliters are left?
Peter planted 240 kg of
potatoes and harvested
twelve times more of
them. How many tons
of potatoes has he
harvested?
From 18.2 hectares,
workers reaped 78.69
tons of grain. What
was the average yield
per hectare of
harvested grain ?
Ethan is trying to drink 1.9
liters of water every day.
Given that Ethan drank 967
milliliters of water one
morning, how many
milliliters of water should he
drink during the rest of the
day?

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