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1 MEMORY by Tajeshwar

Computer memory is used to store instructions and data that a computer needs to access quickly. There are various units used to measure memory size like bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes. Primary memory, also called main memory or internal memory, is located directly on the motherboard and includes ROM, RAM, and cache memory. Secondary memory includes optical discs, hard drives, solid state drives, and flash drives which provide larger storage capacities than primary memory.

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36 views21 pages

1 MEMORY by Tajeshwar

Computer memory is used to store instructions and data that a computer needs to access quickly. There are various units used to measure memory size like bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes. Primary memory, also called main memory or internal memory, is located directly on the motherboard and includes ROM, RAM, and cache memory. Secondary memory includes optical discs, hard drives, solid state drives, and flash drives which provide larger storage capacities than primary memory.

Uploaded by

mukesh kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER

MEMORY
By :- SI/Commn Tajeshwar Singh
Basic hardware software and networking
TTC SSB Kasumpti (Shimla)
COMPUTER MEMORY
Memory is the electronic holding place for the
instructions and data, a computer needs to
reach quickly. It’s where information is stored
for immediate use.
There are various units which are used to
measure computer memory

• Bit = Smallest unit of computer


memory
• Byte = 8 bit =1 byte
• Kilobyte = 1024 byte = 1 kb
• Megabyte = 1024 kb = 1 mb
• Gigabyte = 1024 mb = 1 gb
• Terabyte = 1024 gb = 1 tb
TYPES OF COMPUTER MEMORY

1) PRIMARY MEMORY
2) SECONDARY MEMORY
PRIMARY MEMORY
• Primary memory also known as “main memory” or
“internal memory” which is located in the mother
board of system or as we say which is directly
connected to the CPU. It is the place where only
little bit of data are stored either by manufacturer or
by user.
This is further divided into two parts:-
• ROM
• RAM
• CACHE MEMORY
READ ONLY MEMORY
ROM is a type of computer storage containing
non-volatile, permanent data that, normally, can
only be read and not written to. ROM contains
the programming that enables a computer to
start up or regenerate each time it is turned on.
TYPES OF ROM

• Programmable ROM (PROM)

• Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM)

• Electronically Erasable Programmable ROM


(EEPROM)
Random Access Memory (RAM)
RAM is a volatile memory it stores the data which
the user currently uses or as we say it stores the
data temporary in it. RAM needs power or
electricity to work when the computer power is
turned off then all the data in it will be erased
automatically.
This is a circuit which have its separate space or
slot in motherboard. This allows the computer to
run the software faster.
This is volatile in nature.
Types of RAM
• Static RAM (SRAM)
• Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Static RAM (SRAM)
Data is stored in transistors and requires a
constant power flow. Because of the continuous
power. SRAM doesn’t need to be refreshed to
remember the data being stored SRAM.
Dynamic RAM (DRAM
Dynamic RAM is a type of random access
semiconductor memory that stores each bit of
data in billions of memory cell, usually consisting
of a tiny capacitor and a transistor, both typically
based on metal oxide- semiconductor
technology. DRAM writes data at the byte-level
and reads at the multiple byte page level. Power
differences vary based on whether the system is
in active or sleep mode.
Cache Memory
Cache memory is a small sized type of volatile
computer memory that provides high speed
data access to a processor and stores frequently
used computer proms, applications and data. A
temporary storage of memory cache makes data
retrieving easier and more efficient.
Three types of Cache Memory
a) L1 b) L2 c) L3
WHAT IS SECONDARY MEMORY
• CD ( CD ROM, CD RE-WRITABLE)
• DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)
• Floppy (Obsolete)
• HARD DISC DRIVE
• SOLID STATE DRIVE
• FLASH DRIVE
Compact Disc (CD)
Compact Disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data
storage format and it may store data upto 700
mb.
There are two type of Compact Disc:
• CD ROM – capacity 700 Mb data storage.
• CD Rewritable
Digital versatile Disc
DVD is a digital optical disc data storage format
and it may store data upto 4.7 gb.
Types of DVD
• DVD ROM
• DVD Rewritable
Floppy Disk Drive
Floppy Disk Drive or Floppy Disc also called Floppy
diskette is a type of disk storage composed of a tin and
flexible disk of a magnetic storage medium in a square
of nearly square plastic enclosure lined with a fabric
that removes dust particles from the spinning disk.
Floppy disks store digital data which can be read and
written when the disk is inserted into a floppy disk drive
(FDD) connected to or inside the a computer.
HARD DISC DRIVE (HDD)
A computer hard sick drive (HDD) is a non-volatile data
storage device. Non volatile refers to storage devices
that maintain stored data when turned off. All
Computers need a storage device. Data or information
spread out in the form of binary code, using 1s and 0s
on the magnetic of disc and are read or written by the
read heads that float above the surface.
Solid State Drive
SSDs are the most common storage drives today. SSDs
are smaller and faster than HDD. SSDs are noiseless
and allow PCs to be thinner and more lightweight.
SSDs stored data on an integrated circuit, which is a
collection of electronic circuits embedded with a silicon
semiconductor cell. SSDs work using flash memory to
store and access non-volatile data.
Thank You
• Synchronous Dynamic RAM (DDR SDRAM)
• Double Data Rate 4 Synchronous Dynamic
Ram (DDR DRAM)
• Single In-line Memory Module (SIMM)
• Dual In-line Memory Module (DIMM)

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