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Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis in the late 19th century. Psychoanalysis aims to explain unconscious motivations and how they influence behavior and personality. Freud believed that events in early childhood greatly impact adult life. He proposed that the mind has three levels - the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious - and that personality comprises the id, ego, and superego. Psychoanalysis treats mental illness by exploring memories, emotions, and desires residing deep in the unconscious mind.

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Eloisa Marie Enriquez Bontilao
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68 views11 pages

Psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud developed psychoanalysis in the late 19th century. Psychoanalysis aims to explain unconscious motivations and how they influence behavior and personality. Freud believed that events in early childhood greatly impact adult life. He proposed that the mind has three levels - the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious - and that personality comprises the id, ego, and superego. Psychoanalysis treats mental illness by exploring memories, emotions, and desires residing deep in the unconscious mind.

Uploaded by

Eloisa Marie Enriquez Bontilao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PSYCHOANALYSIS

SIGMUNDD FREUD (1856-1939)


- was the founder of psychoanalysis, a theory of
how the mind works and a method of helping
people in mental distress.
-was the founding father of psychoanalysis, a method for
treating mental illness and a theory explaining human
behavior. Freud believed that events in our childhood have
a great influence on our adult lives, shaping our personality
Psychoanalysis
 Psychoanalysis is a treatment based on studies of the conscious and
unconscious human mind. All psychoanalysts have a primary
qualification in psychiatry, psychology, social work or other health
discipline. Well-qualified researchers, educators and selected other
professionals may also become psychoanalysts.
 Freud develop his own method that aims that explaining why people
develop their patterns of typical behavior.
 Freud three level of consciousness are the conscious mind, the
preconscious mind, and the unconscious mind.
 The three components of the personality structure, each with a
different function are: id, the ego, the superego.
 The mind is like an iceberg ; the conscious mind merely the tip visible
above the surface , whereas the bulk of the important workings of the
mind lurks mysteriously beneath the surface. Below the surface Freud
called it the preconscious mind it consists of memories that are not
presently conscious but can easily be brought into consciousness.
 Further down from consciousness lies the unconscious mind. It stores
primitive instinctual motives plus memories and emotions that are so
threatening to the conscious mind that they have been unconsciously
pushed into unconscious mind through the process of repression.
 The best known aspect of Freud’s theory was his view that the mind is
composed of the id, ego and superego.
When the infant is born, the mind has only one part, the id
The id is composed primarily of two sets of instincts, life instinct and
death instincts. …aggression and suicidal urges arose from these
instincts.
The life instincts, termed libido by Freud, give rise to motives that
sustain and promote life, such as hunger, self protection, and sexual
desire. To Freud the sexual and aggressive urges are by far the most
important of these motivates …sex and aggression are used by Freud to
explain a vast range of personality characteristics, from kindness to
shyness to cruelty….. the id operates according to the pleasure
principle. The id wants to obtain immediate pleasure and avoid pain,
regardless of how harmful it might be to others.
 The ego is formed because the id has to find realistic ways of meeting its
needs and avoiding trouble caused by selfish and aggressive behavior.
 The ego operates according to the reality principle. This means that it holds id
in check until a safe and realistic way has been found to satisfy its motives.
 THE EGO’S goal is to help the id fulfil its needs. It opposes the id’s wishes only
long enough to find a realistic way to satisfy.
 The id ego have no morals. They seek to satisfy the id’s selfish motives without
regard for the good of others. The ego tries to be realistic about how those
motives are satisfied. But as long as the needs are safely met, it does not care
if the rules are broken, lies are told or other people are wronged.
 When the superego develops the part of the mind that opposes the desires of
the id by enforcing moral restrictions and striving to attain goal of “ideal”
perfection.
 According to Freud , parental punishment creates the set of moral
inhibitions known as the conscience, whereas their rewards set up a
standard of perfect conduct in the superego called the ego ideal.
 These two parts of the superego work together by punishing
behavior that breaks the moral code through guilt and rewarding
good behavior through pride.
 Personality is taken to be what we are while behavior is what we
do. We cannot change what we are but we can change what we do –
for short periods of time at least. The ability to change behavior is
at the root of the concept of management style.

Examples of personality can be found in how we describe other


people's traits. For instance, "She is generous, caring, and a bit of a
perfectionist," or "They are loyal and protective of their friends."

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