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Imaging and Design For The Online Environment

This document discusses principles of graphics and design for online environments. It covers photo editing, image formats like JPEG and PNG, and vector vs raster images. Common tools for manipulating images are described, including selection tools, layers, cropping, cloning, changing image size and orientation, and sharpening/softening. Graphic software programs can be grouped into vector editors, raster editors, and 3D modelers to transform and enhance images for web pages and other digital formats.

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Moises Soriano
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21 views25 pages

Imaging and Design For The Online Environment

This document discusses principles of graphics and design for online environments. It covers photo editing, image formats like JPEG and PNG, and vector vs raster images. Common tools for manipulating images are described, including selection tools, layers, cropping, cloning, changing image size and orientation, and sharpening/softening. Graphic software programs can be grouped into vector editors, raster editors, and 3D modelers to transform and enhance images for web pages and other digital formats.

Uploaded by

Moises Soriano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IMAGING AND DESIGN

FOR THE ONLINE


ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER 3
PRINCIPLES OF GRAPHICS AND
DESIGN
Accross disciplines, the following principles are followed to standardize
image creation and manipulation using any praphic software. It will
help you create layouts and design web pages compliant with the
protocols.
PHOTO EDITING
Photo editing encompasses the processes of altering images, whether
they are digital photographs, traditional photo chemical photographs,
or illustrations. Traditional analog image editing is known as photo
retouching, using tools such as an airbrush to modify photographs, or
editing illustrations with any traditional art medium.
Graphic software programs
Which can be broadly grouped into vector graphics editors, raster
graphics editors, and 3D modelers are the primary tools with which a
user may manipulate, enhance, and transform images. Many image
editing programs are also used to render or create computer art from
scratch.
BASIC OF IMAGE EDITING
1. RASTER IMAGES are stored in a computer in the form of a grid of
picture elements or pixels.
2. VECTOR IMAGESsuch as Adobe Illustrator, Inkscape and etc. are used
to create and modify vector images, which are stored as descriptions of
lines, Bezier curves and text instead of pixels.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RASTER AND VECTOR IMAGES

RASTER IMAGESuse many colored pixels or individual building blocks to form


a complete image JPEGs, GIFs and PNGs are common raster image types.
Almost all of the photos found on the web and in print catalogs are raster
images.

VECTOR IMAGES alternatively, allow for more flexibility. Constructed using


mathematical formulas rather than individual colored blocks, vector file types
such as EPS, AI and PDF are excellent for creating graphics that frequently
require resizing.
3. 3D MODELING (OR MODELLING) is the process of developing a
mathematical representation of any three dimensional surface of an
object via specialized software. The product is called a 3D model. It can
be displayed as a two-dimensional image through a process called 3D
rendering or used in a computer simulation or physical phenomena.
The model can also be physically created using 3D printing devices.
IMAGE FORMATS
Ø JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital
images, particularly for those images produced by a digital
photography.

Ø PNG (PORTABLE NETWORK GRAPHICS) is a raster graphics file format


that supports lossless data compression.

Ø GIF a lossless format for image files that supports both animated and
static images.
FEATURES OF IMAGE EDITORS
SELECTION One of the prerequisites for many of the app mentioned below is a
method of selecting part(s) of an image, thus applying a change selectively
without affecting the entire picture

MARQUEE TOOL for selecting rectangular or other regular polygon-shaped


regions

LASSO TOOL for freehand selection of a region

MAGIC WAND TOOL selects objects or regions in the image defined by proximity
of color or luminance
LAYERS which are analogous to sheets of transparent acetate, stacked
on top of each other, each capable of being individually positioned,
altered and blended with the layers below, w/o affecting any of the
elements on the other layers.
IMAGE SIZE resize images in a process often called image scaling,
making them larger, or smaller. High image resolution cameras can
produce large images which are often reduced in size for Internet use.
CROPPING creates a new image by selecting a desired rectangular
portion from the image being cropped. The unwanted part of the image
is discarded. Image cropping does not reduce the resolution of the area
cropped.
CLONING uses the current brush to copy from an image or pattern. It
has many uses: one of the most important is to repair problem areas in
digital photos.
IMAGE ORIENTATION – Image editors are capable of altering an image
to be rotated in any direction and to any degree. Mirror images can be
created and images can be horizontally flipped or vertically flopped.
Rotated image usually require cropping afterwards, in order to remove
the resulting gaps at the image edges.
SHARPENING AND SOFTENING – Sharpening makes images clearer. Too
much sharpening causes grains on the surface of the image. Softening
makes images softer that removes some of the highly visible flaws. Too
much causes the image to blur.

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