GEC 101

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF

 GROUP 2

PORTUGAL FLOREZ VALE

PUYOD PADAYO MANDEOYA ERA
 GOOD DAY EVERYONE!

• HOW ARE YOU?

• ARE YOU FEELING BLESSED TODAY?
• BEFORE WE START, PLEASE SMILE AND LET’S
FOCUS TO OUR DISCUSSION FOR THIS
MORNING!
What do you observe in the given picture?
BODY IMAGE
Understanding the Self (GEC 101)
BODY IMAGE
• Body image refers to how an individual perceives, think and feel about
their body and physical appearance.
• Defined by your personal perception.
• Appearance refers to everything a person that other people can observe
such as height, weight, skin color, clothes and hairstyle.
• Through appearances an individual is able to show others the kind of
person he or she is (DeLamater and Myers, 2012).
BODY IMAGE
• The age at which puberty begins has implication for the way adolescents
feel about themselves as well as the way other treat them (Feldman,
2010). Body image is related to self-esteem which a person’s overall
evaluation of his or her own worth.
• It can affect both adolescent’s physical and psychological well-being.
Adolescents worry about different parts of their bodies. Adolescent boys
and girls tend to experience negative self-image because they are in the
stage of development that is probably confusing to them.
BODY IMAGE
• Girls are more concerned than boys about their physical appearance and
overall body image. The greatest concern that girls express about their
bodies is how they conform to idealized notions of beauty.
• The way adolescents react to their physical appearance depends in part on
sociocultural factors.
• The emphasis that peers, parents or the media put on ideal body type
which is slim or thin leads to body dissatisfaction (Grabe, Ward and Hyde,
2008; Dunkley, Wertheim and Paxton, 2001).
BODY IMAGE
• For both boys and girls, bullying and peer pressure are associated with
greater body dissatisfaction (Webb and Zimmer Gembeck, 2014).
Television, advertising, music and movies are full of women who are thin,
thus constructing the notion that the ideal body shape is slim. Some girls
and young woman compare themselves to models and actresses in
advertisements. The result is that they try to change their physical
appearance either through cosmetic surgery, dieting or even excessive
exercise.
BODY IMAGE
• For girls, in particular, too much concern with thinness and the ideal body
shape may result in body dissatisfaction. Girls whit have higher body
dissatisfaction are likely to experience depression, low self-esteem and
eating disorder. (Demello, 2014). For example, anorexia is an eating
disorder in which the persons refuse to eat for fear of gaining weight
which can result to severe starvation and death. It mostly afflicts females
between the ages of 12 to 40, although men may also develop it. Another
disorder is bulimia nervosa in which the person induces purging after
binging on large quantities of food (Feldman, 2010).
2 TYPES OF BODY IMAGE
 The 4 Components of Body
Image
1. Perpetual
2. Affective
3. Cognitive
4. Behavioral
The 4 Components of Body Image
• 1. Perpetual – It is how you see yourself. The way that you visualize your
body is not always a correct representation of what you actually look like
—it's a perception, not the objective truth.
Example:
A person may perceive themselves to be overweight and
bulky when in reality they are extremely thin. You could have a
small mole on your nose and perceive yourself as ugly
while it’s completely unnoticeable to anyone else.
The 4 Components of Body Image
2. Affective - Your feelings about your body, especially the amount of
satisfaction or dissatisfaction you experience in relation to your looks (e.g.,
weight, body shape, height, skin tone, aging, etc.) is your affective body
image. These are all the things that you like or dislike about your
appearance.
- These feelings are influenced by our societal
consumptions: who we see on TV, in movies, in magazines, and, more
recently, on social media.
The 4 Components of Body Image
3. Cognitive - These are the thoughts and beliefs that you hold about your
body.
Example:
A guy who thinks ,"if I build muscle in my chest and arms,
I’ll feel better about myself.“
Or a woman in her 30s who is upset about face and body
wrinkles and thinks, "If I can just maintain how I look now, I’ll be
happy."
The 4 Components of Body Image
4. Behavioral - The last aspect of body image is behavioral. This is what
actions you take in relation to your body image. When a person doesn’t like
how they look, they may display destructive behaviors. This can be anything
from excessive exercise habits to disordered eating in an attempt to change
their appearance. Others might isolate themselves or not engage in social
events.
 The Importance of Beauty
• In Egyptian art, beauty is perceived in women with slim, high waist, narrow hips and
long black hair. In contrast, women with a full figure and rounded hips were
considered beautiful during the Renaissance Period. Some tribes (e.g., Africa) during
the Medieval Age considered fat, chubby or plump women beautiful. People in
Malaysia, Philippines and Indonesia used to consider flat noses to attractive.
However, standards of beauty have change over time due to changing cultural
values. Even so, all cultures have more or less the same concept of what beautiful is.
Generally, humans who have clean and unblemished skin, thick shiny hair, well-
proportioned bodies and symmetrical faces are traditionally considered the most
beautiful. Beauty has always been considered important throughout history because
these features indicate youth, health, good genes and fertility (Demello, 2014).
The Importance of Beauty
• Advertisements, magazines and television are filled with good-looking faces
which emphasize the value of physical attractiveness. People tend to be
influenced by the beautiful faces and bodies they see in media in the way they
determine what is beautiful and what is not. As long as the fashion industry
dictates what is beautiful, be it for men or women, many people can never be
satisfied with their bodies. They are willing to spend a great deal of money to
pay for the physical attractiveness that they want to achieve. The reality,
however, is that beauty standards presented on media are so unrealistic, that
even the most beautiful and handsome supermodels cannot achieve it.
The Importance of Beauty
• Some people desperately change their physical appearance through body
modification. One form of body modification is tattooing- which injects
onto the skin to draw a design. Makeup can also be permanently be
tattooed. Body piercing is another type of body modification which let
people wear jewelry through different piercing have been practiced across
the globe ancient times. Traditionally, tattooing and piercing were
considered signs of one’s strength, bravery and social status.
The Importance of Beauty
• Cosmetic surgery is another form of body modification which includes
surgical and non-surgical procedures to restore, reconstruct or alter body
parts. Examples are breast enhancement, nose lift, liposuction and botox.
Although tattooing, piercing and cosmetic surgery have become popular
through time, these forms of body modification involve health risk. In
particular, some women have died from complication of skin whitening
treatments, diet pills and cosmetic surgery. Infection, allergies and other
complication can result from the use of unclean and poor quality
equipment.
The Importance of Beauty
• Whether beauty is biologically programmed or culturally constructed, it
remains important in all societies. Admittedly, attractive people have a lot
of advantage in life. For one, people who are perceived to be attractive are
favored over those who are not in many social situations. Studies have
shown that men and women who are physically attractive have more
opportunities in finding jobs, getting promotions and having higher
income. Also, some people tend to view attractive people happier, smarter
and better people. Generally, unattractive people are less liked and
assisted (Demello, 2014).
The Importance of Beauty
• Different cultures have different definition and perception of beauty. People
often say that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. The facts that a number of
Filipinas have won international beauty contest shows that Filipinas are among
the women who are perceived to be most beautiful in the world. People tend to
judge others based on physical appearance. However, physical appearance alone
is not enough to know a person’s true character. It is important to see into a
person’s inner thoughts and feelings – one’s inner self.
• Above all the things physical, it is more important to be beautiful in the inside.