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Q2 Wk4 Genetic-Engineering

This document discusses genetic engineering and genetically modified organisms. It begins with definitions of genetic engineering and describes the basic process which involves 5 steps: DNA extraction, gene cloning, gene design, transformation, and backcross breeding. It then discusses some examples of genetically modified organisms and their traits, such as herbicide tolerance, insect tolerance, improved nutrition, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. The document outlines an activity where students identify traits of GMOs from pictures and another where they imagine and illustrate a GMO they would create. It also lists some existing GMO products in the Philippines and discusses both benefits and risks of GMOs.

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Julie anne
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63 views30 pages

Q2 Wk4 Genetic-Engineering

This document discusses genetic engineering and genetically modified organisms. It begins with definitions of genetic engineering and describes the basic process which involves 5 steps: DNA extraction, gene cloning, gene design, transformation, and backcross breeding. It then discusses some examples of genetically modified organisms and their traits, such as herbicide tolerance, insect tolerance, improved nutrition, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. The document outlines an activity where students identify traits of GMOs from pictures and another where they imagine and illustrate a GMO they would create. It also lists some existing GMO products in the Philippines and discusses both benefits and risks of GMOs.

Uploaded by

Julie anne
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Dumaguete City
Dumaguete City National High School
Calindagan, Dumaguete City

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE


SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
GRADE 11

EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE


D What can you say about the picture?
C
N
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N
H
S
GENETIC
S
H ENGINEERING
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D  is the process of adding a foreign DNA to the genome or
Genetic
C Engineering
all genetic material of another organism.
 the target of adding one or more DNA is to have one or
N more traits that are not found in a certain organism.
 it can be a process of inserting or transferring a gene of
H a specific trait into another organism.

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Genetic Engineering Process

C  All genetic changes affect the protein synthesis of the


organism.
N  By changing which proteins are produced, genetic
engineers can affect the overall traits of the organism.
H  Genetic modification can be completed by a number
of different methods:
S • Inserting new genetic
material randomly or in
targeted locations
• Direct replacement of genes
S (recombination)
• Removal of genes
H • Mutation of existing genes

S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE


D Five Basic Steps in Genetic Engineering

C Step 1: This is accomplished by taking a sample


N DNA of bacteria containing the gene of
interest and taking it through a series of
Extraction
H steps that separate the DNA from the
other parts of a cell.
S
Step 2:  Scientists use gene cloning to separate
Gene the single gene of interest from the rest
S Cloning of the genes extracted.
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Step 3: designing the gene to work once inside
C Gene Design a different organism. This is done in a
test tube by cutting the gene apart with
N enzymes and replacing certain regions.
H
S
Step 4:  The modified gene is now ready for the
Transformation fourth step in the process,
transformation or gene insertion. The
S new gene is inserted into some of the
H cells using various techniques.

S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE


D Step 5: Transgenic plants are crossed with elite
C Backcross breeding lines using traditional plant
Breeding breeding methods to combine the
N desired traits of elite parents and the
H transgene into a single line.
The offspring are repeatedly crossed back
S to the elite line to obtain a high yielding
transgenic line. The result will be a plant
with a yield potential close to current
S hybrids that expresses the trait encoded
by the new transgene.
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N
Activity 1!
H
Random students will be given photos of genetically
S modified organisms and has to identify what genetically
conferred trait it belongs.

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C Genetically
N Modified
Organisms (GMO)
H are organisms or
microorganisms
S whose genetic
material have been
altered to contain a
S segment of DNA from
another organism.
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Desirable Traits of Genetically Modified
C Organisms

N A.  crop can withstand herbicide applications


H Herbicide
S Tolerance

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Examples of Genetically Modified Organisms

C B. Insect
 plant produces toxin to kill pest

N Tolerance
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Examples of Genetically Modified Organisms

C C.  plant produces a substance of nutritive value or is


N Improved changed to not produce an antinutrient

Nutrition
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Examples of Genetically Modified Organisms

C  crop is resistant to certain disease


D. Disease
N Resistant
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Examples of Genetically Modified Organisms

C  crop is tolerant to stress, low nutrient levels or


E. Stress excess nutrients
N Tolerance
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Examples of Genetically Modified Organisms

C F.  crops can be stored longer to avoid spoilage losses


N Increased
Storage
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Examples of Genetically Modified Organisms

C G.  crops that produce medicines or vaccines

N Medicinal
Uses
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Uses of Genetically Modified Organisms

C H.  crops to make more efficient industries


N Industrial
H Uses

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D Benefits and Risks of Genetically Modified Organisms

C  Increased pest and disease


Benefits
N resistance
 Grow food in harsh climate

H  Increased food supply


 More nutritional value

S  Make drugs

 Introducing allergens and toxins to


Risks foods
S  Accidental cross pollination
 Antibiotic resistance
H  Creation of “super” weeds and other
environmental risks
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N Activity 2!

H The class will be grouped into 3. Once they have their


S group, they will now be given instructions on what to
do.

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N An Imaginary Creature Activity

H Direction: Let your imagination work! Consider


yourself as one of the Genetic Engineers. Using your
S drawing materials, illustrate a Genetically Modified
Organism (GMO) that you would produce.
Emphasize the unique features of this creature and
S the benefits it would give to mankind.

H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C
N
H
S

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D GMO products that are available in
the Philippines
C
N • People with diabetes no longer creates insulin
(hormone that processes sugar) in their pancreas.
H Inserting human insulin genes to a bacteria can make it
S produce the said hormone for us.

• Vaccine production: being relevant now, vaccines are


created by taking a piece of genetic material of the
S infection (fungi, virus, bacteria) so they can be fought
H by our immune system

S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE


D
C Other common GMOs in the market
N
1. BT Talong
H 2. GMO Canola
3. BT Potato
S 4. Virus Resistant Papaya

S
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
WRAP-UP
C
N • Genetic technology is still young but we are getting to
the point where our scientific ventures are in conflict
H with our ethical choices.
S
• Do we have the right to choose which kind of
organisms can live and cannot live?
S • Do we have a say whether this kind of organism is
H beneficial or not to nature?

S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE


D
1.Conduct a survey of products containing substances that
C can trigger genetic disorders such as phenylketonuria.
N
2.Create an info graphics about genetically modified
H organisms (GMO).
Rubrics for grading
S A.Neatness - 10 points
B.Creativity - 20 points
C.Relevance - 10 points
S D.Information - 20 points
Concept - 20 points
H
S EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE
D
C Name of Product:
N Type of genetic
H
S
disorder:
How does the product
S trigger genetic
H
S disorder?
EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

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