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Sankhya Philosophy Presentation

Sankhya philosophy is one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy attributed to the sage Kapila. It is dualistic, positing Purusha (consciousness) and Prakriti (nature) as the two fundamental realities. Sankhya philosophy describes the evolution of the universe from Prakriti through the three gunas and twenty-four tattvas or principles. It seeks the liberation of Purusha from entanglement with Prakriti through knowledge and understanding of their distinct natures.

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2K views21 pages

Sankhya Philosophy Presentation

Sankhya philosophy is one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy attributed to the sage Kapila. It is dualistic, positing Purusha (consciousness) and Prakriti (nature) as the two fundamental realities. Sankhya philosophy describes the evolution of the universe from Prakriti through the three gunas and twenty-four tattvas or principles. It seeks the liberation of Purusha from entanglement with Prakriti through knowledge and understanding of their distinct natures.

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aengwofelix09
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© © All Rights Reserved
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SANKHYA

PHILOSOPHY
Prepared by MWISENEZA
Jean d’Amour
SANKHYA PHILOSOPHY

Sankhya, often spelled as Samkhya, is one of the classical


schools of Indian philosophy. It is attributed to the ancient
sage Kapila and is considered one of the six orthodox
(astika) schools of Hindu philosophy. The Sankhya
philosophy is primarily expounded in the "Sankhya Karika," a
foundational text attributed to Ishvara Krishna.
Sankhya philosophy 3

SOME KEY ASPECTS OF SANKHYA PHILOSOPHY

1.Dualism (Purusha and Prakriti)


2.Evolution of the Universe
3.Twenty-Four Tattvas
4.Purusha's Liberation
5.Non-Theistic
Sankhya philosophy 4

1. DUALISM
• Dualism (Purusha and Prakriti): Sankhya philosophy is
dualistic in nature, positing the existence of two
fundamental realities—Purusha and Prakriti. Purusha
refers to the individual consciousness or spirit, while
Prakriti is the cosmic nature or material principle. The
interaction between Purusha and Prakriti is central to the
Sankhya worldview.
Sankhya philosophy 5

2. EVOLUTION OF THE UNIVERSE


• Evolution of the Universe: According to Sankhya, the
universe evolves from Prakriti, which undergoes various
transformations to give rise to the diversity of the
material world. These transformations are described in
terms of the three gunas (modes of nature) known as
Sattva (goodness), Rajas (passion), and Tamas
(ignorance).
Sankhya philosophy 6

3. TWENTY-FOUR TATTVAS
• Twenty-Four Tattvas ( That is a Sanskrit word meaning
'thatness', 'principle', 'reality' or 'truth’.) (: Sankhya
philosophy identifies 24 elements or principles (tattvas)
that constitute the fabric of existence. These include the
five gross elements (earth, water, fire, air, and ether), the
five sense organs, the five organs of action, the mind, the
intellect, the ego, the five subtle elements, and the
unmanifested primordial nature (avyakta).
Sankya philosophy 7

4. PURUSHA'S LIBERATION
• Purusha's Liberation: The ultimate goal in Sankhya
philosophy is the liberation (moksha) of the individual
Purusha from its entanglement with Prakriti. Liberation is
achieved through knowledge (jnana) and the realization
of the eternal and unchanging nature of Purusha, distinct
from the ever-changing nature of Prakriti.
Sankha philosophy 8

5. NON-THEISTIC
• Non-Theistic: Sankhya is often considered as non-theistic
or atheistic school of thought, as it does not necessarily
posit a creator deity. The system is more concerned with
understanding the nature of reality and the self
Sankhya philosophy 9

APPLICATION OF SANKHYA PHILOSOPHY

• Sankhya has significantly influenced


other Indian philosophical systems, and
elements of its teachings can be found in
various Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain
traditions. While the Sankhya school has
historically been important, it is not as
widely followed today as some other
philosophical traditions in India.
Presentation title 10

SANKHYA PHILOSOPHY IN INDIA EDUCATION

• Sankhya philosophy is one of the six classical schools of


Indian philosophy. It is attributed to the sage Kapila and
is primarily concerned with the nature of reality, the self,
and the principles governing the universe. While Sankhya
philosophy is more commonly associated with
metaphysical and cosmological discussions, its principles
have influenced various aspects of Indian education and
thought.
Presentation title 11

SOME WAYS IN WHICH SANKHYA PHILOSOPHY HAS IMPACTED


EDUCATION IN INDIA

1.Metaphysical Foundation
2.Epistemology
3.Yoga and Education
4.Understanding the Mind
5.Ethical Values
6.Integration with Other Philosophies:
Presentation title 12

1. METAPHYSICAL FOUNDATION
• Sankhya philosophy provides a metaphysical foundation
for understanding the nature of reality and the self. This
metaphysical framework has influenced the way
education is perceived and approached in India,
emphasizing the importance of understanding the
fundamental principles underlying existence.
Presentation title 13

2. EPISTEMOLOGY

• Sankhya philosophy discusses epistemology, the theory


of knowledge. The classification of different types of
knowledge and the process of acquiring knowledge as
outlined in Sankhya philosophy has contributed to the
development of educational theories in India. It
encourages a systematic and analytical approach to
learning
Presentation title 14

3. YOGA AND EDUCATION


• Sankhya philosophy is closely associated with the
concept of yoga, particularly in its practical application.
The emphasis on self-discipline, concentration, and
meditation found in yogic practices has been
incorporated into certain educational systems in India.
Yoga is seen as a means to enhance cognitive abilities
and promote holistic well-being.
Presentation title 15

4. UNDERSTANDING THE MIND


• Sankhya philosophy delves into the nature of the mind
and its various components. This has implications for the
understanding of psychology and cognitive processes,
which can influence educational approaches that focus on
mental development, concentration, and emotional well-
being.
Presentation title 16

5. ETHICAL VALUES
• Sankhya philosophy discusses the concept of purusha
(individual consciousness) and prakriti (material nature).
The understanding of these concepts contributes to the
ethical and moral dimensions of education. It emphasizes
the importance of ethical conduct, self-realization, and
the pursuit of knowledge for the betterment of the
individual and society.
Presentation title 17

6. INTEGRATION WITH OTHER PHILOSOPHIES

• Sankhya philosophy is often studied in conjunction with


other Indian philosophies like Vedanta, Nyaya, and
Mimamsa. This interdisciplinary approach to philosophy
has influenced the way education is structured,
encouraging a well-rounded and integrated understanding
of various philosophical traditions.
Presentation title 18

7. GUNAS

• Sankhya identifies three fundamental gunas: sattva (goodness), rajas


(passion), and tamas (ignorance). These gunas are believed to influence
individual behavior and the nature of the external world.
• In education, the concept of gunas can be applied to understand the
different types of learners and their predispositions. It suggests that
individuals may have varying degrees of these qualities, impacting their
learning styles and preferences.
Presentation title 19

8. DETACHMENT AND KNOWLEDGE

• Sankhya philosophy emphasizes the importance of


knowledge for liberation (moksha). Education is seen as
a means to acquire this knowledge, leading to spiritual
growth and liberation.
• The philosophy encourages a sense of detachment from
the material world, which can influence the approach to
education by promoting an objective and analytical
mindset.
Presentation title 20

9. ROLE OF THE TEACHER

• The teacher, in Sankhya philosophy, is seen as a guide


who imparts knowledge and helps students in their
journey toward self-realization.
• The teacher-student relationship may involve not just the
transmission of information but also guidance on
understanding the self and the world.
Presentation title 21

SUMMARY,
• While Sankhya philosophy has undoubtedly influenced
Indian thought, it's important to note that the application
and interpretation of these principles in the field of
education can vary. Modern educational practices in India
are often shaped by a blend of traditional philosophies,
contemporary ideas, and global educational trends.

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