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Teacher: Mai Văn Duy Team 2 CLASS:SE1929: Techniques of Integration

This document discusses techniques for numerical integration, including the trapezoidal rule and Simpson's rule. The trapezoidal rule approximates the area under a curve by dividing it into trapezoids. Simpson's rule uses quadratic approximations to estimate the area under a curve. An example shows using Simpson's rule with 10 intervals to approximate the integral from 1 to 2 of 1/x. Simpson's rule provides more accurate results than the trapezoidal rule, especially for functions with complex curvatures, but requires more computational effort. Numerical integration methods have local errors at each interval and global error over the entire domain compared to the true integral value.

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55 views12 pages

Teacher: Mai Văn Duy Team 2 CLASS:SE1929: Techniques of Integration

This document discusses techniques for numerical integration, including the trapezoidal rule and Simpson's rule. The trapezoidal rule approximates the area under a curve by dividing it into trapezoids. Simpson's rule uses quadratic approximations to estimate the area under a curve. An example shows using Simpson's rule with 10 intervals to approximate the integral from 1 to 2 of 1/x. Simpson's rule provides more accurate results than the trapezoidal rule, especially for functions with complex curvatures, but requires more computational effort. Numerical integration methods have local errors at each interval and global error over the entire domain compared to the true integral value.

Uploaded by

duykhang19082004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TEACHER: MAI VĂN DUY

TEAM 2
CLASS:SE1929
TECHNIQUES OF INTEGRATION
.
Introduction to the Mean
Value of a Function
The mean value of a function is a concept in calculus that represents the average
rate of change of the function over a specific interval. It is a crucial tool in
analyzing the behavior of functions and their derivatives.
Exercise: Finding the Mean Value

Find the mean value of the function f(x) = 2x^2 + 3x - 4 over the interval [0, 2].

To find the mean value, we follow these steps:

∫[0, 2] (2x^2 + 3x - 4) dx = 8.67

(8.67)/(2-0) = 4.33

1. Find the definite integral of the function over the interval:

2. Divide the definite integral by the length of the interval:

Therefore, the mean value of the function over the interval [0, 2] is approximately 4.33.
Mean Value Calculation with
Numerical Integration
Numerical Integration Methods
• Trapezoidal Rule
• Simpson's Rule
Methods for Numerical Integration
Trapezoidal Rule Simpson's Rule

The trapezoidal rule approximates the area under a curve Simpson's rule uses quadratic approximations to
by dividing it into trapezoids. estimate the area under a curve.
TRAPEZOIDAL RULE
• The area of the trapezoid that lies above
the i th subinterval is:

 f ( xi 1 )  f ( xi )  x
x   [ f ( xi 1 )  f ( xi )]
 2  2
SIMPSON’S RULE

b

a
f ( x) dx  S n
x
 [ f ( x0 )  4 f ( x1 )  2 f ( x2 )  4 f ( x3 )
3
 ...  2 f ( xn  2 )  4 f ( xn 1 )  f ( xn )]
• where n is even and ∆x = (b – a)/n.
SIMPSON’S RULE Example 4

• Use Simpson’s Rule with n = 10 to approximate

2
 1
(1/ x) dx
SIMPSON’S RULE Example 4
• Putting f(x) = 1/x, n = 10, and ∆x = 0.1 in Simpson’s Rule,
we obtain:

2 1 x
1 x
dx  S10 
3
[ f (1)  4 f (1.1)  2 f (1.2)  4 f (1.3)

 ...  2 f (1.8)  4 f (1.9)  f (2)]


1 4 2 4 2 4 2 4 
      
0.1 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 

  
3  2 4 1 
    
 1.8 1.9 2 
 0.693150
Comparison of Different Numerical
Integration Methods
Trapezoidal Rule Simpson's Rule

Simple and easy to implement, but accuracy may be Provides more accurate results, especially for functions
lower than other methods. with complex curvatures, but requires more
computational effort.
Error Estimates in Numerical Integration
1 Local Error 2 Global Error
Local error in numerical integration is the Global error refers to the difference between the
discrepancy between the exact value and the true integral value and the calculated value over
estimated value of the integral at a specific the entire integration domain.
subinterval.
THANKS

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