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17 Fireplaces

The document discusses the construction and drafting of fireplaces, including different fireplace types, structural framing requirements, chimney design and heights, flue sizing, and fireplace terminology; it provides examples of double and triple faced fireplace designs and covers how to properly size flues based on the fireplace opening area and selecting the required drawings for fireplace construction projects.

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victor
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25 views25 pages

17 Fireplaces

The document discusses the construction and drafting of fireplaces, including different fireplace types, structural framing requirements, chimney design and heights, flue sizing, and fireplace terminology; it provides examples of double and triple faced fireplace designs and covers how to properly size flues based on the fireplace opening area and selecting the required drawings for fireplace construction projects.

Uploaded by

victor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fireplace

Construction
and Drafting
Introduction
• How many of you have a fireplace in your
home?
• Is it your major source of heating?
• Fireplaces today are more of a luxury item
– major element of interior design in living area
• provide atmosphere
– minor concern for heat
Fireplace Design and Construction
• Topics of Discussion
– Type and style
– Structural framing around fireplace
– Size & type of opening
– Chimney design/height above roof
– Fireplace terminology/function
– Flue sizing
– Fireplace drawings
Common
Fireplace Types
1--Single faced
flush hearth
raised hearth
2--Double faced
interior corner designs
projecting corner
opposite sides design
3--Three faced
4--Free standing
Double Faced Fireplace Example
(Projecting corner)
Double Faced Fireplace Example
(Opposite Sides)
Three Faced Fireplace Example
Structural Framing Requirements
• No wood or combustible material is allowed
to touch any part of the fireplace, its
foundation, or chimney
– 2” clearance usually required by code
• No structural piece should rest on the
fireplace and use it as support
Structural
Framing
• Note
– double headers
& trimmers (from FP below)
– opening < 10’
– ledger strip or
Joist hangers
• fireplace &
chimney free- (or Joist
standing & self- hangers)
supporting
Flashing around Chimney

Note

–General flashing
» Drawing callout: 26 GA GI FLASHING

–A type of flashing at chimney--saddle or


“cricket”--diverts water away from behind
the chimney
Chimney Heights
• Building Code: (2 foot 10 foot rule)
– Chimney 2’ minimum above any construction within 10’ of
the chimney
Chimney Flues
• Area through which the combustion gases
and smoke travel
• Flue liners
– used to prevent deterioration to mortar joints
– produces a better downdraft & requires
smaller flue (smoother surface)
• Unlined Flue
– Chimney must be thicker walls than with
chimney with flues liners
Chimney Flues
• Each fireplace requires a separate flue
– may be contained within same chimney
– minimum of 4” distance apart
– must be different heights, min of 4” from top

4” Min
Chimney
• Cap
– keeps water away
from lining
• Spark Arrester
– screen device that
prevents sparks
from leaving the
chimney & passing
onto the roof
Fireplace Terms
1. Firebox--opening 8. Damper--
2. Hearth--min 16” sizes vary
prefered 20” 9. Throat
3. Ash dump 10. Smoke
4. Ash pit chamber
5. Clean out 11. Smoke
6. Steel angle or lintel shelf
7. Mantel 12. Flue
13. Chimney
Fireplace Terms
Fireplace
Function
Smoke Chamber
1. Transition from the firebox to the flue
2. Responsible for controlling &
regulating burning and eliminating smoke
& combustion gases
Smoke Shelf
1. Prevent downdraft
2. Help divert cold air into smoke
chamber
Throat
1. Channels smoke into chamber
Damper
1. Controls air flow/shut off when not in
use
Flue Sizing
• Crucial that fireplace opening be in proper
proportion to flue for proper operation
• Inside free space of flue called effective flue
area, expressed as fraction
• Effective flue area (EFA)
– 1/10 minimum allowed (10%) of fireplace
opening
– 1/8 preferred (12%)
Area = h x w
Flue Sizing
• Find affected firebox area
– based on type of fireplace
– Single faced
• Area = h (x) w Dbl-faced Area = 2(h x w)
• Multiply by Ratio
Area = 2(w x h) + d x h
– if 30” wide x 26” high
– Area = 30 (x) 26 =780 sq in
– Effective Flue Area (EFA)
– (Considering Min EFA 10%)
– Therefore 780/10 = 78 sq in
– See tables to select proper flue
Flue Shapes, Sizes, and Areas
• See Text for similar table to the table below showing flue lining sizes, etc.

Table relates only designs for 10% EFA, flue areas are okay
Flue Sizing
• find width at
bottom
• find height at
left
• find
intersection
• find nearest
curve above
intersection
Fireplace Drawings
• Required Drawings (see by code or city)
– Enlarged Plan view
• like the floor plan but to include dimensions to build
– Vertical Section
• shows all vertical relationships including dimensions
– Elevation of Fireplace front view
• shows what the fireplaces looks like when finished
– Common scales: 3/8” = 1’-0” and 1/2” = 1’-0”
– Views are arranges by orthographic projection
• height and/or width must align from view to view
Fireplace Drafting Layout
Fireplace Assignment (w)

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